SPIRITUS MUNDIApoyarESEN

OBRA

The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull

inglés1989

Su tesis: «None of the alchemical writings traditionally attributed to Lull can now be plausibly ascribed to him» «Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 5». Distingue con Halleux la pseudoepigrafía intencional de la accidental — el corpus luliano es del primer tipo «Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 5» —, documenta que el Llull auténtico rechazó la alquimia en cuatro obras fechadas «Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 6», y rastrea la primera aparición del nombre de Llull entre alquimistas: una mera lista en la Summa sedacina «Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 45».

327 afirmaciones · 1 fuente · 1 atribución

Atribución

se consigna, jamás se afirma
DECLARADA
monografía de Pereira en los Surveys and Texts del Warburg Institute
según Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)
«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 1»

Cadena de la obra

el testimonio procesado, en esmeralda
EDICIÓN · PROCESADO
Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)
inglés · 1989 · Londres, Warburg Institute (Surveys and Texts XVIII)

Afirmaciones

327 entradas — la voz de la obra, con su pasaje

«None of the alchemical writings traditionally attributed to Lull can now be plausibly ascribed to him»la tesis del libro

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 5»

«It is difÏcult to apply the distinction drawn by Halleux, Les Textes, pp. 97—100, between ‘pseudépigraphie intentionnelle’ and ‘pseudépigraphie accidentelle” to the pseudo-Lullian corpus»Pereira no clasifica el corpus como pseudoepigrafía intencional: declara difícil aplicarle la distinción de Halleux. La grafía difÏcult es del OCR

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 5»

«it is not even certain that the works from which the pseudo-Lullian alchemical corpus derived were originally ascribed to Lull intentionally»y deja la intencionalidad abierta, no resuelta

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 5»

«However such attributions came about, they were made quite early: we find pseudo-Lullian manuscript miscellanies from the very beginning of the fifteenth century»lo que sí data: misceláneas manuscritas desde comienzos del XV

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 5»

«Halleux, Les Textes, p. 100, warns that a negative attitude to alchemy in the authentic works is “un critére qu'il faut utiliser avec prudence, car il refuse au savant médiéval la possibilité de changer d’avis au cours d’une existence qui fut souvent longue»la cautela de Halleux, en su francés original, sobre usar el rechazo a la alquimia como criterio: le niega al sabio medieval la posibilidad de cambiar de opinión

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 6»

«the text is clearly dependent upon John of Rupescissa's De consideratione quintae essentiae, written about the middle of the fourteenth century»la dependencia que vuelve falsa la fecha del Liber de secretis naturae

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 6»

«while Conrad Gesner alleged that Lull had copied from Rupescissa, Hermann Conring, taking into account that Rupescissa lived after Lull, claimed that he had plagiarized the Lullian text»la disputa de prioridad, con las dos posiciones enfrentadas

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 22»

«Neither Gesner nor Conring, of course, considered the possibility of a Pseudo-Lull»y lo que ninguno de los dos contempló

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 22»

«Some recent scholars have argued that it emerged during the fourteenth century in the circles of the Valencian Beghards and Spirituals who adopted Lullian philosophy and theology, producing several apocryphal works on these subjects»la hipótesis del medio valenciano, atribuida a unos recent scholars sin nombrar, no asumida como propia

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 8»

«The link between pseudo-Lullian alchemy and the corpus of writings attributed to Arnald of Villanova would seem to reinforce this hypothesis»el apoyo que Pereira le concede, en condicional

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 8»

«his name appears for the first time in the sixteenth-century Responsum by Thomas Arsoncinius»la primera aparición de Llull en las fuentes jurídicas sobre alquimia

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 44»

«Diximus aliis in libris nostris Regi Roberto dedicatis sub cooperta clavi, sed illustrissimo et serenissimo Regi Eduardo Patri tuo diximus aliquid veritatis. In hoc autem brevi tractatu, Fili, volumus tibi dicere omnia realiter»el texto pseudoluliano gradúa lo que revela a cada uno de los tres reyes

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 41»

«Therefore, he concluded: *omnino statuendum nobiscum est, numquam in Anglia fuisse Raymundum, saltem numquam ibi aurum aut aureos nummos conficere potuisse»el argumento numismático de Sollier al Elector, 4 de junio de 1711: el primer rey inglés que acuñó oro fue Eduardo II en 1326, después de la muerte de Llull

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 61»

«Sollier and Custurer joined forces against the prevailing view favourable to pseudo-Lullian alchemy»y la alianza de los dos contra la opinión dominante

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 61»

«The pseudo-Lullian alchemical corpus is a large and complex collection of writings, many of which are attributed to Raymond Lull by old and wellestablished manuscript traditions.»Pereira describe el corpus pseudoluliano como una colección amplia y compleja cuyas atribuciones a Llull vienen de tradiciones manuscritas antiguas y bien asentadas

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 5»

«A considerable number, however, seem to have been drawn into the corpus by a variety of different factors: similarity of the alchemical procedures described, the use of alphabets or figures, or even the mere fact of being copied together with pseudo-Lullian works in one or more manuscripts.»y señala que a buena parte de esas obras las arrastró al corpus algo distinto de una atribución: el parecido de los procedimientos, el uso de alfabetos o figuras, o el mero hecho de haber sido copiadas junto a otras pseudolulianas

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 5»

«Though we can tentatively trace the processes through which this corpus of writings expanded to 143 works (the number discussed below in the Catalogue), it is much more difÏcult—in fact, at the moment impossible—to find the source of the original nucleus of writings.»da la cifra de 143 obras como reconstrucción tentativa del proceso de expansión, y declara imposible por ahora hallar la fuente del núcleo original

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 5»

«It is an attempt to reconsider the subject, but it cannot fill in many of the large gaps in our knowledge which result from the absence of historical documents and in particular from the lack of critical editions of a number of important texts in the collection.»acota el alcance de su propio libro: no puede llenar los huecos que dejan la ausencia de documentos históricos y la falta de ediciones críticas

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 5»

«Not only is the status of works in Sections II and III in the Catalogue for the most part uncertain, even the Testamentum and Liber lapidarii cannot be securely assigned to one or another of these categories (see below, p. 7).»y extiende la incertidumbre al Testamentum y al Liber lapidarii, que ni siquiera puede asignar con seguridad a una u otra categoría de pseudoepigrafía

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 5»

«Another argument generally used to deny that Lull could have written these alchemical works is their dating: with one exception, all the dated works are ascribed to the years after Lull's death in 1315.»el argumento de la datación, tal como suele usarse: salvo una excepción, todas las obras fechadas llevan años posteriores a la muerte de Llull en 1315

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 6»

«Thorndike has argued that since there could no be logical motive for a forger to give a treatise attributed to Lull a date after his death, the dated treatises ‘are perhaps the work of some other Raymond, who has become confused with Lull, or of followers of Lull, who applied his Art to alchemical problems in the decades immediately following his death'.»la salida de Thorndike ante esa fecha, que Pereira recoge como ajena: si un falsificador no tenía motivo para fechar después de la muerte, los tratados serían de otro Raymond confundido con Llull o de seguidores suyos

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 6»

«First of all, the majority of them are clearly forgeries, written late in the sixteenth century.»objeta que la mayoría de las obras fechadas son falsificaciones tardías, escritas a finales del siglo XVI

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 6»

«Also suspect is the date 1309 which appears in the colophon of the Liber de investigatione secreti occulti, for the alchemical Codicillus is cited within it, which means that it must have been composed after the appearance of the first alchemical titles attributed to Lull.»señala como sospechoso el colofón de 1309 del Liber de investigatione secreti occulti, porque dentro se cita el Codicillus alquímico y por tanto la obra tuvo que componerse después de los primeros títulos alquímicos puestos a nombre de Llull

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 6»

«I suspect, therefore, that this ought to be considered as a sure sign both of intentional forgery and of rather late composition.»y sobre esa fecha se queda en la sospecha declarada, no en la certeza: la toma por indicio de falsificación intencional y de composición tardía

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 6»

«As we shall see, there is no evidence that Lull was considered to be an alchemist before the 1370s.»fija el umbral cronológico de toda su reconstrucción: no hay prueba de que se tuviera a Llull por alquimista antes de la década de 1370

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 6»

«Yates, ‘Art of Ramon Lull’, p. 37, suggested that this passage was parallel to the polemics against “falsos astronomos' in the prologue to the Tractatus novus de astronomia.»la lectura de Frances Yates, que emparejaba el pasaje antialquímico del Felix con la polémica contra los falsos astrónomos del prólogo al Tractatus novus de astronomia

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 6»

«Having carefully considered both sides of the argument, I feel that I must reject her view.»y Pereira la rechaza declarando que ha sopesado los dos lados del argumento

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 6»

«There are no traces of the legend of Lull the alchemist, nor any other element which might lead us to believe that Lull himself had already gained fame from the spread of alchemical writings under his name.»en el Testamentum no hay rastro de la leyenda de Llull alquimista ni de ningún elemento que indique fama previa ganada por escritos alquímicos a su nombre

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 7»

«Nonetheless, there is no sure evidence for the date 1332, and no fourteenth-century manuscript of this work has been found.»no hay evidencia segura de la fecha 1332 y no se ha hallado ningún manuscrito del siglo XIV de la obra

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 7»

«In fact, as Bohigas rightly noted, for the moment the only date about which we can be certain is 1443,»y con Bohigas, la única fecha de la que se puede estar seguro por ahora es 1443

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 7»

«The text is confirmed by most of the fifteenth-century manuscripts, with some slight differences and two important variants: “ante cameram" is often “ante Tamisiam; and the king is named ‘Eduardo de Woodstock’; but see below, n. 19.»los manuscritos del XV divergen en dos variantes que Pereira consigna sin armonizar: ante cameram frente a ante Tamisiam, y el rey nombrado Eduardo de Woodstock

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 7»

«Carreras y Artau, Filosofía, Il, p. 51, do not fully accept the identification with Edward III; but, according to a personal communication by Linda Voigts, whom I thank, Woodstock was a royal hunting lodge and residence going back at least to Henry II, and Edward's sister was known as Mary of Woodstock.»Carreras y Artau no aceptan del todo la identificación con Eduardo III; Pereira añade, por comunicación personal de Linda Voigts, que Woodstock era pabellón de caza y residencia real desde al menos Enrique II, y que así se llamaba también la hermana de Eduardo

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 7»

«We must therefore conclude that neither the dated works nor the statements about alchemy in Lull’s genuine works can give us much help in understanding how the pseudo-Lullian alchemical corpus took shape.»conclusión de esa vía: ni las obras fechadas ni lo que Llull dice de la alquimia en sus obras genuinas ayudan mucho a entender cómo tomó forma el corpus pseudoluliano

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 8»

«There is, however, an argument which strongly contradicts this account of the origin of pseudo-Lullian alchemy: the silence of Nicolas Eymeric on the supposed alchemical activities of fourteenth-century Lullists.»el argumento que contradice con fuerza el origen valenciano es un silencio: Nicolás Eymeric no dice nada de supuestas actividades alquímicas de los lulistas del siglo XIV

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 8»

«Although Eymeric conducted a fierce polemic against Lullists and alchemists, nowhere in his works does he connect these two groups.»y ese silencio pesa porque Eymeric polemizó con furia contra lulistas y contra alquimistas sin conectar nunca a los dos grupos

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 8»

«Whatever its actual date of composition, the Testamentum is by far the oldest and most important of the alchemical writings attributed to Lull.»sitúa el Testamentum como la más antigua y la más importante de las obras alquímicas atribuidas a Llull, sea cual sea su fecha real de composición

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 10»

«In printed editions the text is either incomplete or dismembered into separate works.»advierte que las ediciones impresas dan el texto incompleto o desmembrado en obras separadas

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 10»

«The author of the Testamentum was an experienced alchemist searching for the elixir, the marvellous agent of transmutation and healing, which even fertilized plants and stimulated their growth (Practica, chapter 31).»el autor del Testamentum se presenta como alquimista experimentado en busca del elixir, agente de transmutación y de curación que además fertiliza las plantas

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 10»

«He says that the practitioner of alchemy can make gold (Practica, chapter 28), not referring at all to the polemics which attacked alchemy as a type of forgery.’»y sostiene que el practicante de la alquimia puede hacer oro, sin aludir siquiera a las polémicas que tachaban la alquimia de falsificación

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 10»

«It is important to emphasize that our alchemist was not trying to convince his readers that he was Raymond Lull.»el punto que decide la atribución: el alquimista del Testamentum no estaba tratando de convencer a nadie de que era Ramon Llull

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 11»

«Although he cites two authentic Lullian works, the Arbor osophiae desideratae and the Liber principiorum medicinae (or De gradibus icinae), he never suggests that he was the author of these treatises, claiming er to have written two other alchemical works, the Liber de intentione mistarum and the Liber lapidarii.»cita dos obras lulianas auténticas sin arrogárselas y solo reclama para sí otros dos tratados alquímicos; el OCR corrompe aquí los títulos, que la fuente imprime Arbor philosophiae desideratae y De gradibus medicinae

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 11»

«He was strongly opposed to those who operated empirically, without understanding the reasons behind their work.»y se oponía con fuerza a quienes operaban empíricamente, sin entender las razones de lo que hacían

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 11»

«These all point to a connection with Montpellier and, of course, with Arnaldian medical themes.!!»los rasgos del tratado apuntan a Montpellier y a los temas médicos arnaldianos

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 11»

«Although I am not going to consider the problem of the authorship of the Testamentum—which would, of course, require studying the Catalan text—I would like to point out one feature which might be useful for this purpose.»se abstiene del problema de la autoría del Testamentum, que exigiría estudiar el texto catalán

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 11»

«As has already been noted, the author of the Testamentum cites two of his other alchemical works, the Liber de intentione alchimistarum and the Liber lapidarii,'> both of which probably originated in Catalonia or in Southern France, since they appear to have been translated into Latin from Catalan.'®»data y localiza en probabilidad los dos tratados que el autor reclama como suyos, en Cataluña o en el sur de Francia, porque parecen traducidos del catalán al latín

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 12»

«The sixteenth-century copyist of a pseudo-Lullian alchemical manuscript, who also commented on its contents, expressed doubt concerning the attribution of this work to Lull.»un copista del siglo XVI, que además comentaba el contenido, ya dudaba de la atribución de esa obra a Llull

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 12»

«In 1323 the general chapter of the Dominicans in Barcelona excommunicated alchemists; this fact could shed some light on the fact that an alchemical text composed in Catalan was written (or said to have been written) in London.»el dato que puede explicar que un texto alquímico escrito en catalán se dijera compuesto en Londres: en 1323 el capítulo general de los dominicos en Barcelona excomulgó a los alquimistas

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 12»

«The processes described in this work seem to be consistent with the Practica Testamenti, where alchemy is defined as having three functions: transmutation, healing and gem-making.”°»la Practica Testamenti define la alquimia por tres funciones: transmutación, curación y fabricación de gemas

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 13»

«As soon as the Testamentum began to be accepted as a work by Lull, a number of summaries and commentaries appeared:»en cuanto el Testamentum empezó a aceptarse como obra de Llull aparecieron resúmenes y comentarios

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 13»

«The production of precious stones is a notable feature of pseudo-Lullian alchemy, at least in its earliest manifestations.»la producción de piedras preciosas es rasgo notable de la alquimia pseudoluliana, al menos en sus manifestaciones más tempranas

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 13»

«William Sedacer, probably the first alchemist to cite Lull explicitly as an alchemical authority,? devotes a good deal of space in his Summa sedacina both to glass-making and to the fabrication of artificial gems.»y sitúa a William Sedacer como probablemente el primer alquimista que cita a Llull explícitamente como autoridad alquímica

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 13»

«Written before the beginning of the fifteenth century, as the manuscript tradition clearly shows, the Liber de secretis naturae consists of a collection of materials, mostly from the Liber de consideratione quintae essentiae of John of Rupescissa, which makes 1351-2 the terminus post quem for its composition?»data el Liber de secretis naturae antes de comienzos del XV por la tradición manuscrita, y fija 1351-2 como terminus post quem porque compila sobre todo materiales del Liber de consideratione quintae essentiae de Juan de Rupescissa

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 15»

«Any attempt to base a hypothesis on the present state of our knowledge must therefore be approached cautiously.»y advierte que con el estado actual del conocimiento toda hipótesis debe plantearse con cautela

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 15»

«I shall nevertheless try to indicate the work's fundamental role within the pseudo-Lullian corpus, as well as its interest for the history of alchemy.»aun así se propone indicar el papel fundamental de la obra dentro del corpus pseudoluliano y su interés para la historia de la alquimia

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 15»

«To begin with, the Liber de secretis naturae presupposes the existence of a group of alchemical works attributed to Lull, which includes the Testamentum and related works,* along with the Epistola accurtationis, a brief piece dedicated to King Robert.»el Liber de secretis naturae presupone que ya existía un grupo de obras alquímicas atribuidas a Llull: el Testamentum y sus afines, más la Epistola accurtationis dedicada al rey Roberto

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 15»

«Moreover, the author cites genuine Lullian treatises as works of his own: Liber principiorum medicinae, Liber de regionibus sanitatis et infirmitatum, Ars compendiosa medicinae, Ars generalis and, somewhat surprisingly, the lost Libre de plasent visió.»y el rasgo que delata la operación pseudoepigráfica: su autor cita como obras propias tratados lulianos genuinos, entre ellos el perdido Libre de plasent visió

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 15»

«If we follow the guidelines provided by such citations, we are led to the conclusion that the Liber de secretis naturae is the starting-point for the second stage of the formation of the pseudo-Lullian alchemical corpus, a stage characterized by two major features.»sitúa por esas citas al Liber de secretis naturae como punto de partida de la segunda etapa de formación del corpus alquímico pseudoluliano

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 15»

«More recently Cruz Hernández, El pensamiento, pp. 313-4, has stressed the difference between the Testamentum and the Liber de secretis naturae and has pointed out the Lullian features of the latter.»recoge la posición de Cruz Hernández, que subraya la diferencia entre el Testamentum y el Liber de secretis naturae y señala los rasgos lulianos de este último

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 15»

«But it is cited only once by Lull, in the Felix (VIII.57), and not in the way he usually referred to his own works, but rather as an ideal encyclopedia composed mainly of illustrations.»objeta la identificación del Placens visio con una obra propia: Llull lo cita una sola vez, en el Felix, y no del modo en que solía referirse a sus obras, sino como enciclopedia ideal hecha sobre todo de ilustraciones

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 15»

«Second, although the legend of Lull the alchemist had yet to arise, alchemical works began to be explicitly attributed to him, provoking an interesting discussion, developed in the Epilogue of the Liber de secretis naturae, about the consistency of alchemy with Lull’s authentic philosophy of nature.»el orden que le importa: las obras alquímicas empezaron a atribuírsele explícitamente antes de que surgiera la leyenda de Llull alquimista, y eso abrió la discusión del Epílogo sobre si la alquimia es coherente con su filosofía natural

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 16»

«The Prologue (incipit: *Contristatus erat Raymondus’) and Epilogue, or Disputatio monachi, provide a kind of framework, the main purpose of which appears to be the insertion of alchemy into the Lullian system.»el Prólogo y el Epílogo, o Disputatio monachi, forman un marco cuyo fin aparente es insertar la alquimia dentro del sistema luliano

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 16»

«The first, which occurs in the Prologue, presents alchemy as the means to accomplish Lull's programme of converting the infidels; while the second, in the Epilogue, demonstrates that alchemy may be considered a part of, or a subsidiary discipline to, Lull’s philosophy of nature.»y los dos diálogos reparten la tarea: en el Prólogo la alquimia es el medio para cumplir el programa luliano de conversión de los infieles; en el Epílogo, una parte o disciplina subsidiaria de su filosofía natural

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 16»

«The Liber de secretis naturae seu de quinta essentia has five parts: Prologue, Books I and II (which are parallel to Rupescissa’s De consideratione quintae essentiae), Tertia distinctio and Epilogue.»describe la obra en cinco partes: Prólogo, libros I y II paralelos al De consideratione de Rupescissa, Tertia distinctio y Epílogo

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 16»

«It is well known that during the fourteenth century physicians and surgeons began to concern themselves with the use of aqua vitae; so an interest in this alchemical practice by a physician would not be unusual.»contextualiza el interés médico del autor: durante el siglo XIV médicos y cirujanos empezaron a ocuparse del aqua vitae

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 17»

«From the very beginning of the text he shows a marked afÏnity for theories of transmutation, towards which even the use of the fifth essence of wine is ultimately directed.»desde el arranque el autor muestra afinidad marcada por las teorías de la transmutación, hacia la que se dirige en última instancia incluso el uso de la quinta esencia del vino; el OCR rompe aquí la ligadura de affinity

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 17»

«Six lines down, the Liber de secretis naturae is defined as “imago omnium librorum super his [i.e., alchemical and medical secrets] tractantium', in the same way that the Ars brevis was called the imago of all books on the Lullian ars.»el texto se define a sí mismo como imago omnium librorum sobre los secretos alquímicos y médicos, igual que al Ars brevis se le llamaba imago de todos los libros del ars luliano

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 17»

«Such arguments cannot be fully developed until we have a critical edition of the entire text.»y acota su propio argumento: no puede desarrollarse del todo mientras no haya edición crítica del texto entero

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 17»

«It should be noted, moreover, that the medical portions of the Liber de secretis naturae were the first to be published, as part of a medical collection, in a period when printers did not yet consider alchemy to be an interesting or profitable subject.»el dato de imprenta: las partes médicas fueron las primeras en publicarse, dentro de una colección médica, cuando los impresores todavía no veían la alquimia como asunto interesante ni rentable

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 17»

«Even when he mentioned gold, it was only to reinforce the recognized medical virtues of the fifth essence.*?»en Rupescissa el oro solo aparecía para reforzar las virtudes médicas reconocidas de la quinta esencia

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 18»

«Pseudo-Lull’s main interest, however, was in transmutation;* and he seems to have been particularly attracted by alcohol as a means of performing the processes described in the Testamentum and related works without having to resort, at least during the first stages, to the always dangerous use of fire»mientras que el interés principal del pseudo-Lull era la transmutación, y parece haberle atraído el alcohol como manera de ejecutar los procesos del Testamentum sin recurrir, al menos en las primeras fases, al fuego siempre peligroso

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 18»

«Two elements appropriated from the Testamentum introduce further substantial differences from Rupescissa’s De consideratione quintae essentiae: the claim that the fifth essence is composed of a perfect balance of the four elements, and the frequent replacement of the Rupescissan term caelum by menstruum or noster Mercurius to denote the first agent of the alchemical opus.°°»dos elementos tomados del Testamentum separan al pseudo-Lull de Rupescissa: que la quinta esencia se componga de un equilibrio perfecto de los cuatro elementos, y que el término caelum quede sustituido por menstruum o noster Mercurius para el primer agente del opus

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 18»

«The Tertia distinctio, ed. 1546, sig. 627, shows that ‘menstruum’ had two meanings, the first of which is used in the previous passage: *Menstruum quod est in vegetabilibus est liquor cum quo dissolvuntur metalla, et menstruum quod est in mineralibus dissolvitur a vegetabili.»el texto del corpus, en su propio latín, distingue dos sentidos de menstruum: el que está en los vegetales es el licor con que se disuelven los metales, y el que está en los minerales se disuelve por el vegetal

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 18»

«A special case in this “organic” trend is the pseudo-Lullian Liber de investigatione secreti occulti, where urine, and urine alone, is used as the base-matter for the alchemical opus.»un caso extremo de esa línea orgánica: el Liber de investigatione secreti occulti usa la orina, y solo la orina, como materia base del opus

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 18»

«Est igitur quinta essentia composita ex quatuor elementis et in ipsa sunt actualiter omnia elementa cum omnibus suis actibus.»y el propio texto pseudoluliano define la quinta esencia como compuesta de los cuatro elementos, presentes todos en ella en acto y con todos sus actos

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 18»

«This is not the case, however, even though many later manuscripts contain only this section.5 There are internal links between the Tertia distinctio and the rest of the Liber de secretis naturae: explicit citations and implicit reappearances of themes and terms.»objeta que la Tertia distinctio sea pieza suelta, aunque muchos manuscritos tardíos solo traigan esa sección: hay citas explícitas y reapariciones de temas y términos que la enlazan con el resto de la obra

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 19»

«The author of the Liber de secretis naturae shows a thorough familiarity with the main texts of the ars combinatoria, along with a truly Lullian use of its techniques and devices for heuristic purposes, not merely as an aid to memory.»el autor del Liber de secretis naturae maneja los textos principales del ars combinatoria y usa sus técnicas y dispositivos al modo luliano, con fin heurístico y no como mera ayuda de la memoria

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 19»

«Less known, indeed previously unnoticed, is the fact that these devices are applied to two different alchemical procedures.»y añade lo que dice que nadie había notado: esos dispositivos se aplican a dos procedimientos alquímicos distintos

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 19»

«The part referring to the arbor philosophicalis is devoted to the alchemical opus accomplished through the fifth essence of wine and, secondarily, through the other organic substances listed in the figura individuorum.»la parte del arbor philosophicalis trata el opus por la quinta esencia del vino y, en segundo término, por las otras sustancias orgánicas de la figura individuorum

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 19»

«The part referring to figura S describes a more traditional way of preparing the lapis philosophorum by means of minerals and metals.»y la de la figura S describe la vía más tradicional del lapis philosophorum por minerales y metales

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 19»

«These two processes are defined, respectively, as opus maius or regale, and opus minus,% and their arrangement varies in different manuscripts—a clear indication that two versions of the Tertia distinctio existed.»los dos procesos se llaman opus maius o regale y opus minus, y que su disposición varíe de un manuscrito a otro es para Pereira el indicio de que existieron dos versiones de la Tertia distinctio

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 19»

«Halleux, in his careful investigation of the alchemical works by Rupescissa, describes the De consideratione quintae essentiae and in particular its *Lullian' version as a ‘texte mouvant'.»Halleux describe el De consideratione quintae essentiae, y en particular su versión luliana, como texte mouvant

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 20»

«My own research confirms this and, moreover, leads me to conclude that the pseudo-Lullian text, as preserved in the main fifteenth-century collections, represents one extreme of the variations undergone by this work; but it nevertheless forms a relatively stable branch of the tradition.»y Pereira lo confirma con su propia investigación: el texto pseudoluliano de las grandes colecciones del XV es un extremo de esas variaciones, pero forma una rama relativamente estable de la tradición

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 20»

«It is only relatively stable because of the existence of two versions of the Tertia distinctio, both copied early in the fifteenth century by the English scribe John Kirkeby,2 and because, about a century later, the text was usually copied and printed in a more or less dismembered form.»relativamente estable solo porque hay dos versiones de la Tertia distinctio, copiadas ambas a comienzos del XV por el escriba inglés John Kirkeby, y porque un siglo después el texto se copiaba e imprimía desmembrado

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 20»

«The second version of the Tertia distinctio—1 refer to them as first and second merely according to the order in which they appear in the index of the Florentine manuscript, without implying the priority of either—corresponds to that copied by Kirkeby from the “exemplar...de regno Portugalie”.»se abstiene de establecer prioridad entre las dos versiones: las llama primera y segunda solo por el orden en que aparecen en el índice del manuscrito florentino

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 21»

«Furthermore, a short treatise called Liber septem rotarum, which follows the Tertia distinctio in manuscripts of the first version, is completely absent from the second.»y consigna una divergencia sin armonizarla: el Liber septem rotarum sigue a la Tertia distinctio en los manuscritos de la primera versión y falta por completo en la segunda

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 21»

«There is, however, a significant difference between this treatise and other pseudo-Lullian alchemical works: the Liber de secretis naturae is explicitly attributed to Lull within the body of the text, as well as in the introductory and concluding sections.»la diferencia que separa a esta obra de las demás pseudolulianas: la atribución a Llull está dentro del cuerpo del texto, no solo en las secciones introductorias y finales

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 21»

«Twice we find Rupescissa’s De consideratione quintae essentiae presented as an abstract from the Liber de secretis naturae,” while in a Venetian manuscript Rupescissa is described as Lull’s nephew.»y hasta dónde llegó la inversión de importancia: dos veces el De consideratione de Rupescissa se presenta como extracto del Liber de secretis naturae, y un manuscrito veneciano describe a Rupescissa como sobrino de Llull

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 22»

«Clearly, in the alchemical and Hermetic tradition Lull’s name carried more weight than Rupescissa’s.»en la tradición alquímica y hermética el nombre de Llull pesaba más que el de Rupescissa

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 23»

«It also reinforced, if not initiated, the tendency to attribute alchemical texts to Lull, whose philosophical system offered a suitable background for the ideas on nature expressed or implied in these works.»y eso reforzó, si no inició, la tendencia a atribuirle textos alquímicos, porque su sistema filosófico ofrecía un fondo adecuado para las ideas sobre la naturaleza que esas obras expresan o suponen

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 23»

«The number of writings on alchemy attributed to Lull increased rapidly during the last decades of the fourteenth century and the first of the fifteenth.»data el estirón: las obras alquímicas atribuidas a Llull se multiplicaron en las últimas décadas del siglo XIV y las primeras del XV

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 23»

«Medico-alchemical works, using ‘waters’ in the manner of the Arnaldian tradition, also spread under Lull’s name: the Ars operativa medica, for instance, and the Ars conversionis or Liber quatuor aquarum.»y entre ellas viajaron con su nombre obras médico-alquímicas que usan aguas al modo de la tradición arnaldiana, como la Ars operativa medica y la Ars conversionis o Liber quatuor aquarum

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 23»

«All these titles are listed in early catalogues of pseudo-Lullian alchemical works,” and most of them contain an explicit attribution to Raymond in the title, colophon or within the text itself, together with citations from the Testamentum and related works, and/or from the Liber de secretis naturae.»describe el mecanismo de la adscripción: casi todos esos títulos llevan atribución explícita a Raymond en el título, el colofón o el propio texto, junto con citas del Testamentum y del Liber de secretis naturae

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 23»

«It is important to keep in mind that the Liber de secretis naturae predates all known testimonies of the alchemical corpus attributed to Lull.»y fija la prioridad cronológica que sostiene su reconstrucción: el Liber de secretis naturae es anterior a todos los testimonios conocidos del corpus alquímico atribuido a Llull

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 23»

«Even Roger Bacon was sometimes confused with Lull: his Liber de retardanda senectute is attributed to Lull in MS Città del Vaticano, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Ross. lat. 576, as is the Speculum alkimie in MS Palma de Mallorca, Biblioteca del Convent de San Francesch, 17*Glorieux, Répertoire, (mm 1) lists among Lullian alchemical works the De consideratione quintae essentiae, attributing it to Roger Bacon!»la confusión llegó a Roger Bacon: su Liber de retardanda senectute y el Speculum alkimie corren bajo el nombre de Llull en dos manuscritos, y Glorieux lista el De consideratione quintae essentiae entre las obras alquímicas lulianas atribuyéndolo a Bacon

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 23»

«Without giving undue emphasis to the similarity between the titles of the works cited by Rupprecht and the pseudo-Lullian Liber de secretis naturae, it should be noted that Raymond of Tarrega's life coincides with the period in which explicitly pseudo-Lullian alchemical writings began to appear.»sobre Raymond de Tarrega se limita a señalar la coincidencia: su vida cae en el periodo en que empiezan a aparecer los escritos alquímicos explícitamente pseudolulianos

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 25»

«As yet, however, there is no documentary basis for assigning any of these works to him; and the silence of Nicolas Eymeric on the latter's activity as an alchemist or writer on alchemy does not favour this attribution.»pero no hay base documental para asignarle ninguna de esas obras, y el silencio de Nicolás Eymeric sobre su actividad alquímica no favorece la atribución

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 25»

«Nevertheless, the question still remains open.»y deja la cuestión abierta en lugar de resolverla

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 25»

«It is not impossible that the Raymond who wrote in Lerida using Lullian concepts was the Dominican friar Raymond of Tarrega, who in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries was renowned as *Raymundi Lulli nepos’ and Raymundus Lullus neophytus'.»propone como no imposible que el Raymond que escribió en Lérida con conceptos lulianos fuera el dominico Raymond de Tarrega, a quien los siglos XVII y XVIII llamaron sobrino de Llull y Llull neófito

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 25»

«Although Patai relies largely on superseded bibliography and data, his study does at least seem to indicate, at p. 28, that Tarrega showed an interest, similar to that of Lull, in the use of the theory of elementary degrees in theological matters.»y aunque objeta que Patai se apoya en bibliografía y datos superados, le concede que su estudio parece indicar en Tarrega un interés, semejante al de Llull, por aplicar la teoría de los grados elementales a asuntos teológicos

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 25»

«This seems to reinforce what was said in Chapter 1: it is unlikely that Lull’s name was associated with alchemical literature before the last decades of the fourteenth century.»la conclusión que el capítulo refuerza: es improbable que el nombre de Llull se asociara con la literatura alquímica antes de las últimas décadas del siglo XIV

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 26»

«John Kirkeby’s testimony (1455) provides early evidence for the existence of two versions of the Tertia distinctio, which, as we have seen, survived in the later tradition of the text.»el testimonio de John Kirkeby, de 1455, es prueba temprana de que ya existían dos versiones de la Tertia distinctio

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 26»

«There is a reference, which unfortunately I have not been able to verify, to a fourteenth-century pseudo-Lullian manuscript written partly in Latin and partly in Spanish (or perhaps Catalan?)»y declara el límite de su propia información: hay una referencia, que no ha podido verificar, a un manuscrito pseudoluliano del siglo XIV escrito en parte en latín y en parte en español o quizá catalán

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 26»

«It would therefore seem that the initial transmission of pseudo-Lullian alchemy to England occurred at the beginning of the fifteenth century after the formation of a distinct corpus explicitly attributed to Lull.»data la transmisión inicial de la alquimia pseudoluliana a Inglaterra a comienzos del siglo XV, ya formado un corpus distinto y explícitamente atribuido a Llull

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 27»

«It is, in fact, in England that we find: the oldest known manuscripts of these works; the first organized miscellanies of pseudo-Lullian writings (MSS Cambridge, Corpus Christi College 112 and Yale, Beinecke Library, Mellon Collection 12); the persistence of a somewhat less extensive corpus than that found in continental manuscripts of the first century of alchemical pseudo-Lullism; and the popularization of pseudo-Lullian alchemical doctrines by George Ripley in the 1470s.»y reúne lo que Inglaterra aporta: los manuscritos más antiguos de estas obras, las primeras misceláneas organizadas, un corpus algo menos extenso que el continental y la popularización de las doctrinas pseudolulianas por George Ripley en los años setenta del siglo XV

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 27»

«It is worth stressing that when the Testamentum is cited directly, for instance in the Compendium animae transmutationis metallorum and the Epistola accurtationis, it is frequently from the Catalan text.»el rastro catalán en las citas: cuando el Testamentum se cita directamente, como en el Compendium animae transmutationis metallorum y la Epistola accurtationis, suele citarse por el texto catalán

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 27»

«This Catalan-English connection is further exemplified by MS Cambridge, Corpus Christi College 396, which is written in various Catalan hands, and was once owned by Robertus Greene de Welbe, an English alchemist, who added four treatises at the end of the manuscript.»y la conexión catalano-inglesa se ve en el manuscrito Cambridge, Corpus Christi College 396, escrito por varias manos catalanas y poseído después por el alquimista inglés Robertus Greene de Welbe, que le añadió cuatro tratados al final

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 27»

«During Chaucer’s lifetime, the alchemical writings attributed to Arnald of Villanova had gained popularity in England; Arnald was the alchemist to judge from “The Yeoman’s Tale’ and other literary records.»en vida de Chaucer los escritos alquímicos atribuidos a Arnald de Villanova ya eran populares en Inglaterra, y a juzgar por el cuento del criado del canónigo Arnald era el alquimista por antonomasia

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 28»

«Lull’s genuine writings had not yet reached England.»el dato que vuelve fácil la sustitución: los escritos genuinos de Llull todavía no habían llegado a Inglaterra

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 28»

«It was thus probably not too difÏcult, at least outside the restricted circles where Lull’s name was well known and where his works continued to be read, to attribute to him coherently organized and compellingly written treatises, which contained apparently efÏcacious alchemical procedures.»y de ahí que, fuera de los círculos restringidos donde su nombre era conocido, no costara mucho atribuirle tratados bien organizados, escritos con fuerza y con procedimientos alquímicos aparentemente eficaces

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 28»

«According to M. Batllori, the legend of Lull the alchemist originated in England and spread from there to the Veneto, where authentic Lullian philosophy was already known and had some influence:»recoge la tesis de M. Batllori, según la cual la leyenda de Llull alquimista nació en Inglaterra y de allí pasó al Véneto, donde ya se conocía la filosofía luliana auténtica

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 28»

«This text, of Catalan or Southern French origin, was the first to be formally accepted as Lull’s by a Lullist, Bernard de Lavinheta.»y fecha el paso decisivo de la aceptación: la Ars operativa medica, de origen catalán o del sur de Francia, fue el primer texto que un lulista, Bernard de Lavinheta, aceptó formalmente como de Llull

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 28»

«An important witness to the spread of alchemical pseudo-Lullism in Germany is the famous physician Nicolaus Pol.»señala al médico Nicolaus Pol como testigo importante de la difusión del pseudolulismo alquímico en Alemania

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 29»

«He himself owned alchemical and medical manuscripts?! and in one of these he compiled a list of libraries and scholars in possession of Lullian and pseudo-Lullian works.»que además compiló en uno de sus manuscritos una lista de bibliotecas y estudiosos que poseían obras lulianas y pseudolulianas

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 29»

«‘Raimundi doctissimi et sanctissimi divinum de philosophiae famulatu opus explicit, quo duce Bistichius florentinus cum esset aurifex et sublimationes experiretur, quas opus hoc copiosissime docet, mirabilis supra ceteros huius etatis physicos doctissimos medicus evasit, ut non empiricus videretur, sed summus physicorum monarcha.»el colofón de un manuscrito celebra que Bistichius, orfebre florentino, se volviera médico admirable practicando las sublimaciones que la obra enseña; es voz del copista, no de Pereira

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 30»

«Bistichius's name is mentioned by John of Arezzo at the beginning of the “Disputa delle arti’; see MS Firenze, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, Plut. 77.22, fol. 5*: *Bisticius quidam florentinus faber argentarius atque homo litterarum ignarus repente summus in tota urbe evasit medicus'.»y John of Arezzo, en la Disputa delle arti, lo describe como platero florentino ignorante de letras que de pronto llegó a ser el mayor médico de toda la ciudad

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 30»

«Et scias, candidissime lector, quod, quemadmodum mihi narravit scriptor huius operis, qui a Bistichio id ipsum furatus fuit, ipse Bistichius adhuc laborabat in aurificiis magisteriis cum has medicinas exerceret.»otro colofón añade que el copista le robó la obra a Bistichius y que éste seguía trabajando en oficios de orfebrería mientras ejercía esas medicinas

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 30»

«Thorndike, Science and Thought, p. 43, called Bistichius “a sort of forerunner of Paracelsus in his close association of chemistry, especially that of metals, with medicine”.»Thorndike lo tuvo por una suerte de precursor de Paracelso, por asociar estrechamente la química, sobre todo la de los metales, con la medicina

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 30»

«The Ars operativa medica, although not well represented in English manuscript miscellanies, survives in an English manuscript dated 1440 (MS Yale, Beinecke Library, Mellon Collection 8), along with various medical recipes.»la Ars operativa medica está poco representada en las misceláneas inglesas, pero sobrevive en un manuscrito inglés fechado en 1440 junto con recetas médicas varias

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 30»

«English interest in pseudo-Lullian alchemy was mainly oriented towards transmutation, whereas this text, as we have seen, was concerned only with alchemical medicine.»y explica el desnivel: el interés inglés por la alquimia pseudoluliana se orientaba a la transmutación, mientras que ese texto solo trata de medicina alquímica

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 31»

«There was considerable interest in fifteenth-century Italy in the medical use of distillates, a famous example being the public dispute about the doctrines of Rupescissa held at Padua in 1463.»en la Italia del siglo XV, en cambio, hubo interés considerable por el uso médico de los destilados, y de ello es ejemplo la disputa pública sobre las doctrinas de Rupescissa celebrada en Padua en 1463

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 31»

«A Catalan origin is not, however, the same as a Lullian origin: it does not imply that alchemy had any foundation in Lull’s works, or that his genuine followers, like Thomas Le Myésier, were interested in it.»la distinción que ordena todo el capítulo: un origen catalán no es un origen luliano, y no implica que la alquimia tuviera fundamento en las obras de Llull ni que sus seguidores genuinos, como Thomas Le Myésier, se interesaran por ella

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 31»

«It might well mean, however, that Lull's natural philosophy was quickly accepted in alchemical and medical circles; and it would not be particularly surprising if this had happened in Catalonia and Southern France.»lo que sí podría significar es que la filosofía natural de Llull fuera aceptada pronto en círculos alquímicos y médicos, y no sorprendería que ocurriera en Cataluña y el sur de Francia

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 31»

«It is impossible to say exactly what role alchemy played in the Renaissance revival of Lullism.»se abstiene de medir el papel de la alquimia en el renacer renacentista del lulismo: dice que es imposible decirlo con exactitud

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 32»

«It was not, one suspects, a minor one, especially among Italian humanists.»y solo se permite la sospecha de que no fue menor, sobre todo entre los humanistas italianos

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 32»

«The Mallorcan philosopher, dressed in a Franciscan habit and with a long beard (to which he owed his nickname ‘Barbaflorida’) is represented as a Hermetic magus, investigating the secrets of nature and revealing them to both king and pope.»la figura que el Renacimiento fabrica: el filósofo mallorquín, con hábito franciscano y barba larga que le valió el apodo Barbaflorida, aparece representado como mago hermético que investiga los secretos de la naturaleza y los revela al rey y al papa

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 32»

«Alchemy was defined in the prologue to the Liber de secretis naturae as a means of expanding the knowledge of natural secrets and of accomplishing the apologetic aims of the Lullian ars.»el prólogo del Liber de secretis naturae ya definía la alquimia como medio para ampliar el conocimiento de los secretos naturales y cumplir los fines apologéticos del ars luliano

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 32»

«By the middle of the fifteenth century it had become a characteristic feature of Lull’s philosophy, one whose authenticity no one attempted to deny.»y a mediados del siglo XV la alquimia se había vuelto rasgo característico de la filosofía de Llull, sin que nadie intentara negar su autenticidad

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 32»

«Although Lull could well have found followers in medical and alchemical circles in Catalonia, the comparison should not be pushed too far, because, unlike Bacon, Lull did not himself favour alchemy.»la asimetría que impide llevar demasiado lejos la comparación con Bacon: a diferencia de él, Llull no era favorable a la alquimia

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 32»

«the most relevant is surely MS Riccardiana 984, in which the Hermetic poet and philosopher Ludovico Lazzarelli treats the main themes of pseudo-Lullian alchemy, assisted by a Flemish alchemist, Johannes Rigaud (or Ricardus) de Branchiis,? who was probably responsible for the attribution of the De lapidis investigatione or De lapide physico minerali to Lull.»adjudica en probabilidad la atribución del De lapidis investigatione o De lapide physico minerali a Johannes Rigaud de Branchiis, alquimista flamenco que asistía al poeta y filósofo hermético Ludovico Lazzarelli

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 33»

«This ‘nephew’ had made an earlier appearance: John of Rupescissa was described as Lull's nephew in a Venetian manuscript.»y sigue el motivo del sobrino, que ya había aparecido antes: un manuscrito veneciano describía a Juan de Rupescissa como sobrino de Llull

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 33»

«In the scholarly literature of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, Raymond of Tarrega was also called *Raymundus Lullius neophytus’ and *Raymundi Lullii nepos'.»mientras que la literatura erudita de los siglos XVII y XVIII llamaba a Raymond de Tarrega Llull neófito y sobrino de Llull

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 33»

«An English abstract of the Testamentum, with the title Golden Chain, was apparently highly valued by sixteenth-century English alchemists and occurs very frequently in manuscripts.»un resumen inglés del Testamentum, con el título Golden Chain, fue muy apreciado por los alquimistas ingleses del XVI y aparece con mucha frecuencia en los manuscritos

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 33»

«This work (incipit: Materia est res una vilis precii...), although also extant in fifteenth-century manuscripts, was never attributed to Lull before 1500.»data la atribución de esa obra con precisión negativa: pese a existir ya en manuscritos del siglo XV, nunca se atribuyó a Llull antes de 1500

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 33»

«In fact, when a circle of followers of the authentic Lull arose in the seventeenth century, they unquestioningly accepted the traditional attribution of the pseudo-Lullian alchemical writings, even when they did not find it corroborated in the older collections of Lullian manuscripts in Paris and elsewhere.»el hallazgo que mide la fuerza de la costumbre: cuando en el siglo XVII surgió un círculo de seguidores del Llull auténtico, aceptaron sin cuestionarla la atribución tradicional de los escritos alquímicos, aunque no la hallaran corroborada en las colecciones antiguas de manuscritos lulianos

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 34»

«In MS Paris, Bibliothéque nationale, lat. 15096, owned by the Lullist friar Charles Sauvage (late sixteenth to early seventeenth century), we find at fol. 1" a list of the library of Saint Victor, which does not include any alchemical works under Lull’s name.»y la negativa documental: en el manuscrito del lulista Charles Sauvage, la lista de la biblioteca de Saint Victor no incluye ninguna obra alquímica bajo el nombre de Llull

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 34»

«This list of alchemical works put together by an anonymous Lullist in MS Paris, Bibliothéque nationale, lat. 17829 was probably the last of the series of such catalogues»sitúa la lista de obras alquímicas de un lulista anónimo, en el manuscrito París lat. 17829, como probablemente la última de la serie de catálogos

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 35»

«Even Sollier and Custurer, the compilers of the Acta sanctorum, who denied the attribution of alchemical works to Lull, none the less listed about forty of them»y consigna la incoherencia de los propios adversarios: Sollier y Custurer, compiladores de los Acta sanctorum, negaban la atribución alquímica a Llull y aun así listaron unas cuarenta de esas obras

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 35»

«The difference between these two alchemical catalogues shows the extent to which the corpus of works bearing the name of Lull had grown during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, even though it had already acquired its main features in the early sixteenth century.»la diferencia entre los dos catálogos alquímicos mide cuánto creció el corpus a nombre de Llull durante los siglos XVI y XVII, aunque sus rasgos principales ya estuvieran fijados a comienzos del XVI

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 36»

«Alchemical writings are totally absent, however, from the catalogues of Cisneros, Poblet, Vileta, and fra Barceló.»la negativa que acota esa expansión: los catálogos de Cisneros, Poblet, Vileta y fra Barceló no traen ningún escrito alquímico

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 36»

«Verum enimvero quos de arte transmutatoria libros novissime a nobis connumerata legis ideo certis Raymundi libris associamus quia in quibusdam illorum volumina Raymundi non secus allegata comperimus quoniam auctor ipse suos libros citare ac repetere consuevit.»el propio Alonso de Proaza explica en 1515 por qué asocia los libros de arte transmutatoria a ciertos libros de Raymundo: porque en algunos de ellos halló citados volúmenes de Raymundo, que solía citar y repetir sus propias obras

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 36»

«Ceterum an ascripticii an legitimi sint iudicio eorum relinquimus discernendum, qui sensu utrorumque penitissime coluerunt': Lull, Ars generalis (Valencia, 1515), sig. q ii.»y acto seguido se abstiene: deja el discernimiento de si son ascripticii o legítimos al juicio de quienes hayan cultivado a fondo el sentido de unos y otros

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 36»

«The scribe then adds: '[Dico] tibi quod contemptis omnibus libris alkimie solummodo habeas omnes practicos libros magistri Raymundi lullii ex eo quia in ipsis continetur [tota] ars.»la voz de un copista al margen del corpus, que aconseja despreciar todos los libros de alquimia y quedarse solo con los libros prácticos del maestro Raymundo Lulio, porque en ellos está contenido todo el arte

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 36»

«In the period between Proaza and the compiler of MS Paris, Bibliotheque nationale, lat. 17829, a list of alchemical treatises was often, although not invariably, appended to the catalogues of Lullian works: e.g., the Catalogus Ambrosianus and the catalogues of Johannes de Sancto Antonio and Arce de Herrera.»entre Proaza y el compilador del manuscrito parisino, a los catálogos de obras lulianas solía añadírseles, aunque no siempre, una lista de tratados alquímicos

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 36»

«The fact that these titles are found in the catalogues does not, however, indicate that they describe or derive from an actual pseudo-Lullian corpus.»la advertencia que ordena el capítulo: que esos títulos aparezcan en los catálogos no indica que describan ni deriven de un corpus pseudoluliano real

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 37»

«On the contrary, these lists—and other similar ones—are the result of attempts to define and organize pseudo-Lullian writings into a compact corpus.»al contrario, esas listas son ellas mismas el intento de definir y organizar los escritos pseudolulianos en un corpus compacto

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 37»

«Such attempts were made in various places by various devotees of pseudo-Lullian alchemy during the second half of the fifteenth century, but all had similar results.»intentos hechos en varios lugares por varios devotos de la alquimia pseudoluliana durante la segunda mitad del siglo XV, todos con resultados parecidos

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 37»

«It is worth noting, however, that from the textual point of view fifteenth-century editorial activity was not always beneficial.»objeta el valor textual de la actividad editorial del siglo XV, que no siempre fue benéfica

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 38»

«While these miscellanies are important historical witnesses of the dissemination of the pseudo-Lullian alchemical corpus, their value for critical editions of individual works should not be overestimated.»y acota el uso de las misceláneas: son testimonios históricos importantes de la difusión, pero su valor para editar críticamente cada obra no debe sobreestimarse

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 38»

«The Ars operativa medica and the Epistola accurtationis were particularly widespread in Northern Italy— despite the doubts as to Lull's authorship of the former expressed in a marginal note in the Florentine manuscript mentioned above.»la geografía de la difusión: la Ars operativa medica y la Epistola accurtationis se extendieron sobre todo por el norte de Italia, pese a la duda sobre la autoría luliana de la primera anotada al margen en el manuscrito florentino

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 38»

«The Testamentum and its commentaries were copied everywhere, but English alchemists continued to be particularly interested in them, as is clear from the Bodleian miscellany.»mientras que el Testamentum y sus comentarios se copiaron en todas partes, con interés inglés particularmente persistente

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 38»

«There is, however, one group of works not listed in these late catalogues and extant in only a few manuscripts dating from the very end of the sixteenth ~~ century up to the eighteenth.»aísla un grupo de obras que no figura en los catálogos tardíos y solo sobrevive en unos pocos manuscritos de finales del XVI al XVIII

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 39»

«These miscellanies, although composed at the end of this growth process and never very widely diffused, are in a paradoxical sense the only real pseudo- | f Lullian alchemical corpus that we possess.»y le concede una paradoja: esas misceláneas tardías, nunca muy difundidas, son el único corpus alquímico pseudoluliano real que poseemos

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 39»

«They are attributed explicitly and in great detail to Raymond Lull, to whose legend they refer.»en ellas la atribución a Raymond Lull es explícita y minuciosa, y remite a su leyenda

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 39»

«They were clearly assembled by one author, or several authors working in collaboration, in order to cover the entire field of alchemy.»y fueron reunidas por un autor, o varios en colaboración, con el fin de cubrir el campo entero de la alquimia

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 39»

«They define alchemy as a sacred, God-given science;? and the alchemist is said to be a homo divinus and verus Dei sacerdos,?! who would never risk exposing his holy books to an impious reader.”»la doctrina que traen: definen la alquimia como ciencia sagrada dada por Dios, y del alquimista dicen que es homo divinus y verus Dei sacerdos, que jamás expondría sus libros santos a un lector impío

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 40»

«The emphasis on medical alchemy,” the link with religion and the suggestion of a society of alchemists’ are characteristic features of the composite tradition (Hermeticism, Neoplatonism, alchemy, Lullism) which often formed the basis for the spread of Paracelsianism.’°»y explica por qué interesaron a los alquimistas de finales del XVI y del XVII: el énfasis en la alquimia médica, el vínculo con la religión y la sugerencia de una sociedad de alquimistas son rasgos de la tradición compuesta que solía servir de base a la difusión del paracelsismo

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 40»

«What is interesting from our point of view is that these texts seem to reflect, albeit in terms of a fable, the process by which pseudo-Lullian alchemy developed.»lo que a Pereira le interesa de esos textos es que parecen reflejar, en forma de fábula, el proceso mismo por el que se desarrolló la alquimia pseudoluliana

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 40»

«He distinguishes three phases, each corresponding to Lull’s work for different kings, whom he arranges genealogically: father, Robert; son, Edward; and grandson, Charles.»y ese relato distingue tres fases, cada una ligada al trabajo de Llull para un rey distinto, dispuestos genealógicamente: el padre Roberto, el hijo Eduardo y el nieto Carlos

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 40»

«The pseudo-Lullian works are therefore divided into three groups, "? confirming my account of the various stages through which the corpus evolved.»y esos tres grupos de obras pseudolulianas le confirman su reconstrucción de las etapas por las que pasó el corpus

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 41»

«Lull is mentioned as a precursor of Paracelsus by Giambattista Della Porta in his Thaumatologia:»Giambattista Della Porta menciona a Llull como precursor de Paracelso en su Thaumatologia

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 40»

«Even though a biography of Lull was written as early as 1311, legends about him soon proliferated.!»la biografía de Llull se escribió ya en 1311, y aun así las leyendas sobre él proliferaron pronto

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 42»

«But there is no connection between the authentic works of Lull and Amaldian or pseudo-Arnaldian alchemy.»la negativa que sostiene todo el capítulo: no hay conexión entre las obras auténticas de Llull y la alquimia arnaldiana o pseudoarnaldiana

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 42»

«The author of the Ars operativa medica claims to have received Arnald’s teaching on distillation through the mediation of King Robert,” whose name also appears in the Liber de secretis naturae and the Epistola accurtationis.»en cambio el autor de la Ars operativa medica dice haber recibido la enseñanza de Arnald sobre la destilación por mediación del rey Roberto, cuyo nombre reaparece en el Liber de secretis naturae y la Epistola accurtationis

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 42»

«While I have not attempted to solve any of these problems, 1 hope that by clarifying the Lullian side of the equation, some light will be shed on them as well.»y Pereira declara lo que no ha intentado: no resuelve los problemas del lado arnaldiano, solo espera aclarar el lado luliano de la ecuación

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 42»

«Once in London, he was supposed to have performed marvellous transmutations for King Edward; however, being deceived by the king as to the use to which the money made from the alchemical gold was put, he protested and was consequently put into jail.'?»la leyenda, en su forma corriente: en Londres Llull habría hecho transmutaciones maravillosas para el rey Eduardo y, engañado sobre el destino del dinero hecho con el oro alquímico, habría protestado y acabado en la cárcel

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 43»

«The various versions of the tale have different endings, as will become evident in what follows.»y consigna que las distintas versiones del relato tienen finales distintos

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 43»

«The unhappy ending of the story with Lull's imprisonment seems to agree with the data presented by Singer in her research on English medieval alchemy: from 1329 until the middle of the fifteenth century, English kings were interested in alchemical transmutation; unsuccessful alchemists were, however, often imprisoned.?»el final desdichado concuerda con los datos de Singer sobre la alquimia inglesa medieval: desde 1329 y hasta mediados del XV los reyes ingleses se interesaron por la transmutación, y a los alquimistas que fracasaban solían encarcelarlos

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 44»

«Moreover, although Arnald was a well-known alchemist in fourteenth-century England, his name is totally absent from the Testamentum Cremeri.»la ausencia que separa las dos mitades de la leyenda: aunque Arnald era alquimista conocido en la Inglaterra del XIV, su nombre falta por completo en el Testamentum Cremeri

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 44»

«The second difference is, of course, the name of the king: Robert in one, Edward in the other.»y la segunda diferencia es el nombre del rey, Roberto en una parte y Eduardo en la otra

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 44»

«As we have already seen and shall see again, later variants of the legend tried to gloss over this difference; but it was clearly there from the beginning.»divergencia que las variantes tardías intentaron disimular, pero que estaba ahí desde el principio

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 44»

«But this commentary was already lost in Brantóme's time.»objeta la datación de los Carreras y Artau por la vía documental: el comentario de Oldrado da Ponte en que Brantóme decía apoyarse ya estaba perdido en tiempos de Brantóme

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 44»

«It is worth noting that Brantóme was not so much a scholar as a man of letters and that his story was second-hand.»y añade que Brantóme era hombre de letras más que erudito, y que su relato era de segunda mano

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 44»

«Brantóme's evidence cannot, therefore, be taken as proof (indeed the only proof)»de modo que su testimonio no puede tomarse como prueba, y menos como la única prueba

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 44»

«To deny the early origin of the legend does not oblige us to do the same with regard to the alchemical works.»la distinción que hay que sostener: negar el origen temprano de la leyenda no obliga a negarlo también de las obras alquímicas

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 45»

«But even if the earliest pseudo-Lullian alchemical works did appear during the first half of the fourteenth century, there is no proof —quite the contrary—that they were from the outset attributed to Lull.»y aunque las primeras obras pseudolulianas fueran de la primera mitad del XIV, no hay prueba —más bien lo contrario— de que se atribuyeran a Llull desde el principio

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 45»

«I shall try, therefore, to demonstrate that the legend came into being relatively late; that its two elements existed separately for a long time; that the still incomplete legend was not very influential in the formation and diffusion of the corpus during the fifteenth century; and finally, that it became increasingly important in the sixteenth century and later.»enuncia su programa en cuatro puntos: que la leyenda es relativamente tardía, que sus dos elementos vivieron separados mucho tiempo, que incompleta influyó poco en la formación del corpus en el XV, y que ganó importancia en el XVI y después

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 45»

«Lull's name appears for the first time in a list of alchemists in William Sedacer's Summa sedacina totius artis alkimie, written during the second half of the fourteenth century.?»el primer testimonio: el nombre de Llull aparece por primera vez en una lista de alquimistas de la Summa sedacina totius artis alkimie de William Sedacer, escrita en la segunda mitad del siglo XIV

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 45»

«This long list shows that the attribution of alchemical compositions to Lull had already begun by about 1378,75 although neither here nor elsewhere in the Summa is there any hint of the later legend.»lista que muestra que hacia 1378 ya se le atribuían composiciones alquímicas, aunque ni allí ni en el resto de la Summa haya el menor indicio de la leyenda posterior

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 45»

«King Edward, the dedicatee of Testamentum and related works, is seen as a benevolent protector, who was prepared to divide up his kingdom between Arnald, Raymond and Dastin.»en el diálogo de William Fabri el rey Eduardo, dedicatario del Testamentum y obras afines, aparece como protector benévolo dispuesto a repartir su reino entre Arnald, Raymond y Dastin

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 47»

«This king is clearly very different from the impious Edward of the legend, who wanted to use alchemical gold to fight against the French, his Christian neighbours, rather than fulfilling Lull’s desire for a new crusade.»un Eduardo muy distinto del impío de la leyenda, que quería el oro alquímico para combatir a los franceses, vecinos cristianos, en vez de cumplir el deseo luliano de una nueva cruzada

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 47»

«It should also be noted that the Donum Dei, attributed to Dastin, summarized themes developed in the practicae of the Testamentum, Codicillus and the Arnaldian Rosarius, and that the pseudo-Lullian De intentione alchemistarum is entitled Donum Dei in several manuscripts.»y señala el cruce de títulos: el Donum Dei atribuido a Dastin resume temas de las practicae del Testamentum, el Codicillus y el Rosarius arnaldiano, mientras que el pseudoluliano De intentione alchemistarum se titula Donum Dei en varios manuscritos

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 47»

«Fabri is the first writer, so far as I know, to bring together the two parts of the legend—Arnald and the visit to England.»adjudica a Fabri, con la cautela de decir hasta donde ella sabe, el ser el primer escritor que junta las dos partes de la leyenda: Arnald y el viaje a Inglaterra

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 47»

«The last honest alchemist among the moderni is said to have been Raymond Lull.»y en ese diálogo se dice que el último alquimista honesto entre los modernos fue Raymond Lull

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 47»

«It may seem odd to us that Lull's works were considered to be uncontaminated by forgers.»le extraña que las obras de Llull se tuvieran por libres de la contaminación de los falsificadores

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 48»

«But if Lull is presented in the Conversatio as having been converted to alchemy through the influence of the holy master Arnald of Villanova, after having resisted it in his previous works, no mention at all is made of his voyage to England and his subsequent misfortunes.»la divergencia entre versiones: en la Conversatio Llull se convierte a la alquimia por influjo del santo maestro Arnald de Villanova tras haberla rechazado en sus obras anteriores, y no se menciona en absoluto el viaje a Inglaterra ni sus desgracias

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 48»

«The voyage to England is, however, found as an isolated episode in a fifteenth-century French treatise, where Lull is cited as example in order to show that alchemists can only avoid danger by rigorously guarding the secrecy of their research.»mientras que el viaje a Inglaterra aparece como episodio suelto en un tratado francés del siglo XV, donde Llull sirve de ejemplo de que los alquimistas solo evitan el peligro guardando en secreto sus investigaciones

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 48»

«which gives an account of Lull the alchemist, maintaining that he studied at Paris with Richard, son of the English king (it is worth noting that Richard's name is nowhere else mentioned in the pseudo-Lullian tradition: perhaps it is a merely mistake for Robert)»y ese tratado trae además un rey que no cuadra: dice que Llull estudió en París con Richard, hijo del rey inglés, nombre que Pereira observa que no aparece en ninguna otra parte de la tradición pseudoluliana y que quizá sea un error por Robert

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 48»

«It therefore seems that, although the legend had begun to spread during the fifteenth century, it was neither widely known nor completely developed.»por eso concluye que la leyenda, aunque empezaba a circular en el XV, ni era muy conocida ni estaba del todo formada

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 48»

«It should be recalled, by way of verifying this point, that the legend is mentioned nowhere in the large pseudo-Lullian alchemical miscellanies described in the previous chapter.»y lo verifica por la negativa: la leyenda no se menciona en ninguna de las grandes misceláneas alquímicas pseudolulianas descritas en el capítulo anterior

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 48»

«According to Thorndike, Christopher wrote about alchemy at a ‘popularizing repetitive level’ and was an earnest follower of Pseudo-Lull,” although he was also well informed about other branches of the alchemical tradition, which he realized it was sometimes necessary to follow.*»según Thorndike, Christopher of Paris escribía sobre alquimia a un nivel divulgativo y repetitivo y era seguidor convencido del pseudo-Lull, aunque conocía bien otras ramas de la tradición

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 49»

«Christopher of Paris speaks of Lull as a disciple of Arnald, who at times contradicted his master: ‘Contrarium autem a Raimundo Lulio, Arnaldi de Villanova discipulo, asseritur”.*!»Christopher of Paris habla de Llull como discípulo de Arnald que a veces contradice a su maestro

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 49»

«According to Christopher, Lull was not imprisoned but rather left England in anger (iratus) or, as the Italian manuscripts say, prudently (cautamente).»y su desenlace es otro: para Christopher, Llull no fue encarcelado sino que salió de Inglaterra enfurecido, o, como dicen los manuscritos italianos, cautamente

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 50»

«This reinforces what has previously been said about the legend of Lull the alchemist, namely, that before the later part of the fifteenth century it was not widespread among his followers nor had the two components of the story been joined together.»lo que refuerza que antes de la segunda mitad del XV la leyenda no estaba difundida entre sus seguidores ni tenía unidas sus dos partes

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 50»

«It was only during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries that the legend began to be considered an important feature of pseudo-Lullian alchemy, and, as we shall see, it remained so for the first scholars who denied the attribution of alchemical works to Lull.»y solo en los siglos XVI y XVII pasó a tenerse por rasgo importante de la alquimia pseudoluliana, incluso para los primeros estudiosos que negaron la atribución

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 50»

«Lull, speaking in the first person, claims to have been a subject of King John of Portugal, whose daughter had married King Robert of England.»en otra versión aún, Llull habla en primera persona y se dice súbdito del rey Juan de Portugal, cuya hija había casado con el rey Roberto de Inglaterra

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 50»

«This elaborated version of the legend is not merely the result of literary embellishment; there clearly must have been some intermediate stage or stages between the story told by Christopher of Paris and this more complex narration.»la versión elaborada de la leyenda no es mero adorno literario: tiene que haber habido una o varias etapas intermedias entre el relato de Christopher of Paris y esta narración más compleja

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 51»

«One of these stages may perhaps be the version of the legend found in Brantóme; but I have found no evidence of it within the pseudo-Lullian alchemical tradition.»y de una de esas etapas se abstiene: la versión de Brantóme podría serlo, pero no ha hallado prueba de ella dentro de la tradición alquímica pseudoluliana

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 51»

«Also, the Historia refers to three kings, only two of whom appear in the earliest works and in the manuscript tradition up to the end of the fifteenth century.»el recuento de reyes no cuadra: la Historia habla de tres, y solo dos aparecen en las obras más antiguas y en la tradición manuscrita hasta finales del siglo XV

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 51»

«The third, ‘Carolus serenissimus princeps’, appears for the first time as the dedicatee of the Testamentum novissimum, a work preserved only in manuscripts of the sixteenth-century or later.»el tercero, el serenísimo príncipe Carolus, aparece por primera vez como dedicatario del Testamentum novissimum, obra conservada solo en manuscritos del XVI o posteriores

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 51»

«Borrichius, who was convinced of the authenticity of pseudo-Lullian alchemy, attempted to give an historical explanation of the three kings:»Olaus Borrichius, convencido de la autenticidad de la alquimia pseudoluliana, intentó dar una explicación histórica de los tres reyes

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 51»

«Edward I of England, who fought against the French, while Charles and Robert were the Angevin kings Charles II (d. 1282) and Robert (d. 1309).»identificándolos con Eduardo I de Inglaterra y con los angevinos Carlos II y Roberto

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 51»

«Borrichius was therefore led to the supposition that Cremer lived during Edward I’s reign, thus placing Lull’s alchemical activity and the related legend at the very beginning of the fourteenth century, that is, during Lull’s own lifetime—dquite impossible, of course, as we have already seen.»lo que lo llevó a suponer que Cremer vivió bajo Eduardo I y a situar la actividad alquímica de Llull y su leyenda a comienzos del siglo XIV, en vida del propio Llull, cosa que Pereira tiene por imposible

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 51»

«Ausonio claims that Lull learnt the secrets of transmutation from a book with seven seals written by King Solomon, which he had seen in Athens.»Ettore Ausonio sostiene que Llull aprendió los secretos de la transmutación en un libro de siete sellos escrito por el rey Salomón, que habría visto en Atenas

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 52»

«Lull is described as the disciple of Arnald, who taught him the practical secrets of alchemy.»en esa versión Llull es discípulo de Arnald, que le enseñó los secretos prácticos de la alquimia

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 52»

«Lull, for his part, gave Arnald a theoretical understanding of the art of transmutation.»y a cambio Llull le dio a Arnald la comprensión teórica del arte de la transmutación

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 52»

«The reference to Solomon shows a clear connection with Rupescissa, De consideratione quintae essentiae (incipit: Dixit Salomon in Sapientia...) and may be taken as yet another example of the confusion between Pseudo-Lull and»la referencia a Salomón delata para Pereira la conexión con el De consideratione quintae essentiae de Rupescissa, cuyo incipit invoca a Salomón, y es otro ejemplo más de la confusión entre pseudo-Lull y Rupescissa

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 52»

«Ausonio’s mention of Solomon, his references to the Hebraic tradition and his claim that alchemy can be used to explain the literal truth of the Bible—for instance, Revelations 21: 19-20, where the heavenly Jerusalem is described as built upon precious stones—are completely original elements within the pseudo-Lullian alchemical tradition.»y adjudica a Ausonio como elementos por completo originales dentro de la tradición pseudoluliana la mención de Salomón, las referencias a la tradición hebraica y la pretensión de explicar por la alquimia la verdad literal de la Biblia, como la Jerusalén celeste construida sobre piedras preciosas

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 53»

«For instance, in the treatise of David de Planis Campy, L’ Ouverture de l'école de philosophie transmutatoire (Paris, 1633), he is depicted as travelling to North Africa to fight against the infidels, taking the place of the perfidious English king.»y la leyenda sigue mutando: en el tratado de David de Planis Campy de 1633 Llull viaja al norte de África a combatir a los infieles, en lugar del pérfido rey inglés

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 53»

«Lull’s enduring renown in hermetic literature is exemplified by the entry ‘Raymond Lulle” in Pernety, Dictionnaire mytho-hermétique, p. 426: ‘Philosophe hermétique, l'un des plus sgavants, des plus subtils, et dont la lecture est des plus recommandées, comme ayant le plus pénétré dans les secrets de la Nature.”»la fama hermética duradera se ve en la entrada Raymond Lulle del Dictionnaire mytho-hermétique de Pernety, que lo tiene por uno de los más sabios y sutiles filósofos herméticos

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 53»

«The first critical examination of the legend of Lull the alchemist is to be found in Gabriel Naudé’s Apologie»data el primer examen crítico de la leyenda en la Apologie de Gabriel Naudé

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 54»

«There is, he says, an historical explanation for this belief: King Edward acquired a huge sum of money (six million gold coins) by levying a tax on the wool exported from England to Brabant; and this tax became, through a ‘simple metamorphose’, the philosophers’ stone!?»y recoge la explicación histórica que Naudé le opone: el rey Eduardo obtuvo seis millones de monedas de oro con un impuesto sobre la lana exportada a Brabante, y ese impuesto se volvió, por simple metamorfosis, la piedra filosofal

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 54»

«One of these, Jaume Janer, had even invoked alchemists as witnesses to the validity of Lull’s conception of the natural world.»la tradición balear no era unánime: Jaume Janer había llegado a invocar a los alquimistas como testigos de la validez de la concepción luliana del mundo natural

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 54»

«Significantly, none of the pseudo-Lullian hemical manuscripts originating in Palma is earlier than the seventeenth or eighteenth century—that is, the period when, as we shall see, the scholarly discussion about Lull’s alchemy was in full swing.»y el dato manuscrito que Pereira subraya: ningún manuscrito alquímico pseudoluliano originado en Palma es anterior al siglo XVII o XVIII, justo cuando la discusión erudita estaba en pleno apogeo

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 55»

«Mut, taking the latter position, marshalled the following arguments: first, the dates of some of the alchemical writings did not coincide with Lull’s lifetime;»los argumentos de Vicente Mut, primero: las fechas de algunos escritos alquímicos no coinciden con la vida de Llull

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 55»

«second, it was chronologically impossible for Lull to have been acquainted with Edward III of England;»segundo, era cronológicamente imposible que Llull tratara con Eduardo III de Inglaterra

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 55»

«third, in his genuine works Lull was opposed to alchemy.»y tercero, en sus obras genuinas Llull se oponía a la alquimia

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 55»

«Mut, moreover, maintained that Hebraic terms were used in the alchemical works, although Lull knew no Hebrew.*»Mut añadía que en las obras alquímicas se usan términos hebraicos, aunque Llull no sabía hebreo

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 55»

«Wadding spent a long time working in the Franciscan convent of San Isidro in Rome, where a rich collection of Lullian manuscripts, mostly originating in Spain and not including any alchemical items, was—and still is—to be found.»la negativa de archivo del lado de Wadding: la rica colección de manuscritos lulianos de San Isidro en Roma, casi toda de origen español, no incluye ninguna pieza alquímica

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 55»

«Wadding further maintained that the prologue to the Liber de secretis naturae was forged in imitation of the prologue to the genuine Arbor scientiae.'°»y Wadding sostenía además que el prólogo del Liber de secretis naturae se falsificó imitando el prólogo del Arbor scientiae auténtico

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 56»

«On the one hand, Lull’s alchemy was now unquestioningly accepted, not only in alchemical and hermetic circles, but also by the heirs to the genuine Lullian tradition both in Paris and in Germany, resulting ultimately in Salzinger’s astrological and alchemicohermetical interpretation of Lull’s thought at the beginning of the eighteenth century.»el resultado de esa coyuntura, por un lado: la alquimia de Llull pasó a aceptarse sin discusión, no solo en círculos alquímicos y herméticos, sino entre los herederos de la tradición luliana genuina de París y Alemania, y desembocó en la interpretación astrológica y alquímico-hermética de Salzinger; alchemicohermetical es residuo de la herramienta, que une el guion de corte de alchemico-hermetical

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 56»

«But, on the other hand, it was precisely at this time that the attribution of alchemical books to Lull began to be discussed and explicitly rejected by Mut and Wadding.»y por el otro, en ese mismo momento Mut y Wadding empezaron a discutir y a rechazar explícitamente la atribución

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 56»

«Brucker, examining the likelihood of the legend, recognized in it a mixture of fiction and historical truth.»Jakob Brucker, al examinar la verosimilitud de la leyenda, reconoció en ella una mezcla de ficción y de verdad histórica

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 57»

«He therefore began his biographical entry on Lull with an explicit injunction to scepticism about the entire story (‘unde naso opus est»y por eso abrió su entrada biográfica sobre Llull con una invitación explícita al escepticismo sobre el relato entero

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 57»

«As for the tale of Arnald teaching Lull, Brucker considered it to be a deliberate deception.»del cuento de Arnald enseñando a Llull, Brucker lo tuvo por engaño deliberado

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 57»

«The problem of alchemy divided the early eighteenth-century followers of Lull.»el problema de la alquimia dividió a los seguidores de Llull de comienzos del siglo XVIII

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 57»

«But the problems of attribution of the alchemical works provided grounds for disagreement between, on the one hand, Sollier, Custurer and Barceló, who denied that Lull had written anything other than attacks on alchemy,»y la línea de la disputa: Sollier, Custurer y Barceló negaban que Llull hubiera escrito otra cosa que ataques contra la alquimia

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 57»

«Salzinger began by showing, through reasoned arguments and auctoritates, that alchemy was a science of nature (‘haec scientia est ens reale").»mientras Ivo Salzinger empezaba mostrando, con argumentos y autoridades, que la alquimia era una ciencia de la naturaleza, un ente real

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 57»

«Salzinger resolved, although rather superficially, the difÏculties posed by the fact that pseudo-Lullian alchemical books were not cited in Lull’s genuine works»Salzinger resolvió, aunque de manera más bien superficial, la dificultad de que los libros alquímicos pseudolulianos no se citen en las obras genuinas de Llull

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 59»

«The second objection was equally invalid, he maintained, since the year of Lull’s death was not known for certain.»y despachó la segunda objeción alegando que el año de la muerte de Llull no se conocía con certeza

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 59»

«In them, he said, Lull speaks of true and false alchemists, calling the latter alchimistae, while referring to true adepts as artifices.»su lectura del vocabulario: en esas obras Llull hablaría de alquimistas verdaderos y falsos, llamando alchimistae a los segundos y artifices a los adeptos verdaderos

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 59»

«Therefore, he concluded, the philosophical and alchemical books were to be read together, since they represented the theoretical and practical sides of the same subject.»de donde concluía que los libros filosóficos y los alquímicos debían leerse juntos, como las caras teórica y práctica de un mismo asunto

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 59»

«He compared many passages of the Testamentum with genuine Lullian works and also tried to demonstrate that, whenever Lull seemed to be engaging in polemics against alchemy, his words conveyed a hidden meaning which actually agreed with it.»y comparaba pasajes del Testamentum con obras lulianas genuinas, tratando de mostrar que cuando Llull parecía polemizar contra la alquimia sus palabras llevaban un sentido oculto que en realidad concordaba con ella

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 58»

«Salzinger's arguments could not, however, stand up to a full factual analysis, nor were Sollier and Custurer as easy to defeat as Barceló.»pero Pereira objeta que los argumentos de Salzinger no resistían un análisis factual completo, y que Sollier y Custurer no eran tan fáciles de vencer como Barceló

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 59»

«The problem of the alchemical writings attributed to Lull first came to the attention of Sollier and Custurer when they became acquainted with the circle of Lullists at the court of the Elector Palatine Johann Wilhelm after the publication of volume V of the Acta sanctorum (1709), which reproduced their historical studies on Lull.»data cómo llegó el problema a Sollier y Custurer: al conocer el círculo de lulistas de la corte del Elector Palatino Johann Wilhelm, tras publicarse en 1709 el volumen V de los Acta sanctorum con sus estudios sobre Llull

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 60»

«The Elector gave him a small book, containing a dialogue which stated that Lull had practised alchemy and in which alchemical principles were definitely associated with the principles of Lull’s art.»el Elector le entregó a Sollier un librito con un diálogo que afirmaba que Llull había practicado la alquimia y que asociaba sin ambages los principios alquímicos con los del ars luliano

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 60»

«This was undoubtedly the Epilogue of the Liber de secretis naturae.»y Pereira lo identifica sin reservas con el Epílogo del Liber de secretis naturae

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 60»

«Sollier wrote to the Elector on 4 June 1711, stating that although the journey would have to have occurred during the reign of Edward I (d. 1306), the first English king to coin gold money was Edward II in 1326, many years after Lull's death.»el argumento numismático de la carta de Sollier al Elector, del 4 de junio de 1711: el viaje habría tenido que ocurrir bajo Eduardo I, muerto en 1306, y el primer rey inglés que acuñó moneda de oro fue Eduardo II en 1326, muchos años después de la muerte de Llull

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 61»

«The dialogue, he argued, showed that Lull's natural philosophy, if we look for its deeper significance, contained nothing contrary to alchemy; indeed, it presented Lull as a firm believer in alchemy, without a word about his previously antagonistic attitude or his conversion.»la segunda objeción de Sollier, sacada del propio diálogo: en él la filosofía natural de Llull no tiene nada contrario a la alquimia y lo presenta como creyente firme, sin una palabra sobre su actitud antagónica previa ni sobre su conversión

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 61»

«So, if the conversion story was true, the dialogue could not be genuine.»de donde sale la disyuntiva: si el relato de la conversión es verdadero, el diálogo no puede ser genuino

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 61»

«But if the story was false, then Lull never changed his hostile attitude towards alchemy, which destroyed the whole foundation of the legend.»y si el relato es falso, Llull nunca abandonó su hostilidad hacia la alquimia, con lo que se cae el fundamento entero de la leyenda

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 61»

«There was, he concluded, no solid evidence, untainted by forgery, to connect Lull with alchemy.»y la conclusión de Sollier: no hay prueba sólida y libre de falsificación que ligue a Llull con la alquimia

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 61»

«Verumtamen res haec huiusmodi est, ut nihil novi producatur in favorem alchimiae Lulli, in quo statim non deprehenditur figmentum.»Custurer lo dice en su latín: nada nuevo se produce en favor de la alquimia de Llull en lo que no se descubra al punto la ficción

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 61»

«The universally accepted solution was to deny firmly that Lull had any interest in alchemy and to emphasize the difference between the critical approach of scholars and the continuing belief in Lull as alchemist found in the hermetic literature.»la solución que acabó aceptándose de manera universal fue negar con firmeza cualquier interés de Llull por la alquimia y subrayar la distancia entre el enfoque crítico de los eruditos y la creencia persistente de la literatura hermética

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 62»

«But the sharp distinction they draw between genuine Lullian ideas and alchemy does not help us understand the reason why forgers should have deliberately chosen the name of Lull to give credibility to their writings.»pero Pereira objeta a esos estudiosos que la distinción tajante entre ideas lulianas genuinas y alquimia no ayuda a entender por qué los falsificadores habrían elegido deliberadamente el nombre de Llull para dar crédito a sus escritos

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 63»

«He too, however, is persuaded that *cette légion anonyme', that is, the writers of the earliest pseudo-Lullian alchemical works, ‘se disait Raymond Lulle’.*»y observa que incluso Robert Amadou, que separa con nitidez el mito del Llull histórico, sigue persuadido de que aquella legión anónima se decía Raymond Lulle

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 63»

«I hope that I have demonstrated that it is time to abandon the notion of forgery,»la propuesta que cierra su recorrido: abandonar la noción misma de falsificación

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 63»

«Nevertheless, the most prominent Lullist of the following generation, the Mallorcan Cistercian Antonio Pasqual, hesitated between the solid, scholarly arguments of Sollier and Custurer and Salzinger’s intriguing alchemical interpretation of Lull’s thought.»y el caso que muestra lo que costaba decidirse: Antonio Pasqual, el lulista más destacado de la generación siguiente, dudó entre los argumentos eruditos de Sollier y Custurer y la interpretación alquímica de Salzinger

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 62»

«This catalogue is intended as a tool for historians of the Lullian tradition, as well as for historians of alchemy.»declara el destinatario de su catálogo: historiadores de la tradición luliana e historiadores de la alquimia

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 64»

«Completeness is impossible in such a project, but I hope I have provided a basis for future work on this subject.»y su límite: la completitud es imposible en un proyecto así, y solo espera dejar una base para el trabajo futuro

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 64»

«Single recipes under Lull’s name have not been included.»las recetas sueltas que corren bajo el nombre de Llull quedan fuera del catálogo

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 64»

«In checking all their entries, I have noticed that their numbers 74, 118 and 149 do not in fact include pseudo-Lullian works.»y al revisar todas las entradas ajenas señala que los números 74, 118 y 149 no contienen en realidad obras pseudolulianas

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 64»

«I have not been able to find any further information on RD 64, 70, 107, 114, 126 and 248, which Rogent and Durán listed as dubious.»declara lo que no pudo averiguar: no halló más información sobre seis entradas que Rogent y Durán habían listado como dudosas

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 65»

«These editions may be ghosts and therefore have not been included in the entries.»esas ediciones podrían ser fantasmas, y por eso no las incluye

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 65»

«About thirty per cent of the manuscripts have been checked de visu or in photographic reproductions.»y da la medida de su propia verificación: cerca del treinta por ciento de los manuscritos han sido revisados de visu o en reproducción fotográfica

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 65»

«I hope I have made it sufÏciently clear that this catalogue is nothing more than a provisional instrument for the next stage in the study of the alchemical writings attributed to Lull.»insiste en que el catálogo no es más que un instrumento provisional para la etapa siguiente del estudio

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 65»

«Even in this early state, however, it provides data about the most relevant features of the corpus, the phases of its formation and the essential texts which make it up.»aunque ya en ese estado dé datos sobre los rasgos más relevantes del corpus, las fases de su formación y los textos esenciales que lo componen

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 65»

«Sapientes nostri asserunt quod tantum sit unus lapis compositum solum ex quatuor elementis (Sapientes dicunt quod non est nisi unus lapis»la doctrina que traen los propios textos del corpus: los sabios afirman que solo hay una piedra, compuesta únicamente de los cuatro elementos

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 67»

«Alchemy has three parts: transmutation, medicine and making artificial gems.»y la partición de la disciplina en tres: transmutación, medicina y fabricación de gemas artificiales

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 68»

«Note: A theoretical and practical treatise in which the generation of the philosophers" stone is compared to human generation.»una entrada del catálogo describe un tratado teórico y práctico donde la generación de la piedra filosofal se compara con la generación humana

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 67»

«The author shows how to 'acquirere multas artes reales occultas in natura’ and warns the reader that ‘naturam non poteris videre nec realiter possidere in forma nec in materia sine operatione'.»el texto promete que se adquirirán muchas artes reales ocultas en la naturaleza, y advierte que sin operación no se podrá ver ni poseer realmente la naturaleza, ni en forma ni en materia

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 68»

«The author introduces himself as a disciple of Arnald of Villanova and writes of a vision in which St Gilles, one of the four patron saints of the road to Compostella, revealed medical secrets to him.»el autor de una obra médica del corpus se presenta como discípulo de Arnald de Villanova y cuenta una visión en que san Gil, uno de los cuatro patronos del camino de Compostela, le reveló secretos médicos

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 69»

«Note: Salzinger was perhaps referring to a different text with the same title, of which no manuscript is known today.»y consigna la duda sin resolverla: Salzinger quizá se refería a otro texto con el mismo título, del que hoy no se conoce manuscrito

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 70»

«Note: The Catalan text of the Cantilena lacks the last, alchemical stanza, which refers to the Practica Testamenti; see»una divergencia entre versiones que no armoniza: el texto catalán de la Cantilena carece de la última estrofa, la alquímica, que remite a la Practica Testamenti

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 69»

«Note: A theoretical and practical treatise referring to the Testamentum, with a strong religious flavour (the alchemical nigredo is compared to Christ's death)»otra entrada describe un tratado teórico y práctico que remite al Testamentum con fuerte sabor religioso, donde el nigredo alquímico se compara con la muerte de Cristo

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 70»

«The basic principle of nature is love, and matter is bound by ‘amoris foedere”.»la doctrina del Quid sit materia lapidis: el principio básico de la naturaleza es el amor, y la materia está ligada por un pacto de amor

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 71»

«the need for a reformatio materiae, which is the ultimate goal of the enlightened artifex.»y la necesidad de una reformatio materiae, meta última del artifex iluminado

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 71»

«Pseudo-Lullian texts are cited (Testamentum and Liber de intentione alchimistarum) along with other alchemical authorities and the Hermetic Tabula smaragdina, whose fourth proposition is extensively commented upon.»ese tratado cita textos pseudolulianos junto a otras autoridades alquímicas y a la Tabula smaragdina hermética, cuya cuarta proposición comenta con extensión

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 71»

«One of the most complex textual traditions of any pseudo-Lullian work.»y del Codicillus dice que tiene una de las tradiciones textuales más complejas de todo el corpus pseudoluliano

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 72»

«Cites the Testamentum both in Catalan and Latin, and uses the alphabet, figures and alchemical devices described in the Liber de secretis naturae.»la huella catalana en el propio texto: cita el Testamentum en catalán y en latín, y usa el alfabeto, las figuras y los dispositivos alquímicos del Liber de secretis naturae

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 72»

«A brief alchemical practica on the extraction of the fifth essence, which is defined as “magic” at the beginning of the text.»y en el Compendium artis alchimiae la quinta esencia queda definida como magia desde el arranque del texto

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 72»

«the author explains alchemical practice by means of theoremata (principles).»mientras que en otra obra el autor explica la práctica alquímica por medio de theoremata, esto es, de principios

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 71»

«Cites many alchemical authorities, including Plato, St Thomas and “magister Arnaldus’.»una practica breve del corpus invoca como autoridades a Platón, a santo Tomás y al maestro Arnaldus, mezclando linajes que el corpus no distingue

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 73»

«The only known manuscript of this text also contains authentic works, according to Salzinger, who also states that authentic works are cited within it.»y ante el De viginti quattuor experimentis, del que no ha visto el manuscrito, Pereira transmite el dato en boca de Salzinger, sin hacerlo suyo

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 74»

«A brief treatise, whose author claims to simplify the theoretical part of the Testamentum.»la Elucidación se presenta como simplificación de la parte teórica del Testamentum

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 74»

«Insists on the uniqueness of the stone and the simplicity of the alchemical opus.»e insiste en la unicidad de la piedra y en la sencillez del opus alquímico

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 74»

«One of the most famous and widely distributed works of the pseudo-Lullian alchemical corpus.»de la Epistola accurtationis dice que es una de las obras más famosas y difundidas del corpus alquímico pseudoluliano

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 75»

«A brief practica, concerning three kinds of lapis: (mineralis, vegetalis and animalis).»una practica breve sobre tres clases de lapis, mineral, vegetal y animal

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 75»

«Has an explicit attribution to Lull (see incipit) and is dedicated to King Robert.»con atribución explícita a Llull en el incipit y dedicatoria al rey Roberto

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 75»

«Alchemy is compared to the wisdom of Adam and the alchemical spirit to the “Spiritus domini” which floated over the waters at the beginning of creation.»otra entrada compara la alquimia con la sabiduría de Adán, y el espíritu alquímico con el Spiritus domini que flotaba sobre las aguas al principio de la creación

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 75»

«Potable gold is the most perfect medicine and is defined as "humidum radicale”.»el oro potable se define allí como la medicina más perfecta y como humidum radicale

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 76»

«The alchemical opus has religious significance and must be undertaken for the benefit of the poor.»y en una obra médico-alquímica sobre la quinta esencia del vino el opus tiene sentido religioso y debe emprenderse en beneficio de los pobres

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 77»

«First matter is identified with urine.»mientras que una reelaboración tardía del Testamentum identifica la materia primera con la orina

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 77»

«Note: A late elaboration on the making of artificial gems.»y el Lapidarium ultimum secretissimum es, según su nota, una elaboración tardía sobre la fabricación de gemas artificiales

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 76»

«A medical treatise, without specifically alchemical themes.»registra dentro del corpus un tratado médico sin temas específicamente alquímicos

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 78»

«The author of the Testamentum claims to have written it.»y otra obra que el autor del Testamentum declara haber escrito él mismo

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 78»

«Alchemy, understood as the lapis or the principle of transmutation, is a secret which cannot be produced by nature alone; it also requires human artificium.»la doctrina de uno de los textos más tempranos e interesantes del corpus: la alquimia, entendida como la piedra o el principio de transmutación, es un secreto que la naturaleza sola no puede producir y que exige además artificio humano

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 79»

«The true principle of alchemy is man’s urine.»y en ese mismo texto el verdadero principio de la alquimia es la orina del hombre

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 79»

«The practical part of the treatise is an ars lapidifica, very similar to those described in the Liber lapidarii and Compendium animae transmutationis metallorum, but using urine as first matter, instead of alchemical waters or the fifth essence»cuya parte práctica es un ars lapidifica muy parecido a los del Liber lapidarii y el Compendium animae transmutationis metallorum, salvo que usa orina como materia primera en lugar de aguas alquímicas o quinta esencia

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 79»

«Note: A brief practica, which teaches how to extract argentum vivum from cinnabar.»otra practica breve enseña a extraer argentum vivum del cinabrio

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 79»

«The stone extracted from the human body is stronger and more perfect than /apis vegetabilis.»y otra sostiene que la piedra extraída del cuerpo humano es más fuerte y perfecta que el lapis vegetabilis

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 79»

«To obtain a pure human stone remedies and diet must be used.»aunque para obtener una piedra humana pura haya que usar remedios y dieta

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 79»

«Alchemy is the truest and noblest philosophy.»un texto místico sobre la quinta esencia declara que la alquimia es la filosofía más verdadera y más noble

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 80»

«The relation of the Tractatus (1.39b) to the Liber de secretis naturae (1.39) remains uncertain: see above, Introduction and Chapter»y deja sin resolver una relación textual: la del Tractatus con el Liber de secretis naturae

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 81»

«Note: Sets out alchemical procedures to obtain the philosophers’ stone (referred to here as the ovum philosophorum) by means of three kinds of sulphur: animal, vegetable and mineral.»una entrada expone cómo obtener la piedra filosofal, llamada allí ovum philosophorum, con tres clases de azufre: animal, vegetal y mineral

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 81»

«Note: Describes vessels to be used in various alchemical operations.»y otra describe los vasos que sirven a las distintas operaciones alquímicas

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 81»

«Note: One of the oldest works in the corpus. Explicitly linked to the Testamentum, but without alphabet or figures.»del Liber lapidarii dice que es una de las obras más antiguas del corpus, ligada explícitamente al Testamentum pero sin alfabeto ni figuras

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 82»

«Note: A treatise on potable gold, related to the Testamentum novissimum.»otra entrada es un tratado sobre el oro potable emparentado con el Testamentum novissimum

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 82»

«Note: Explains the theory of transmutation and its connections with cosmological themes.»otra explica la teoría de la transmutación y sus conexiones con temas cosmológicos

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 83»

«Note: The alchemical nuptiae, concealed by the wise men of antiquity, are revealed.»y otra promete revelar las nuptiae alquímicas que los sabios de la antigüedad habían ocultado

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 83»

«Note: A miscellaneous text, related to the Liber de conservationae vitae humanae (1.32) and to various Hermetic works.»registra además un texto misceláneo emparentado con el Liber de conservatione vitae humanae y con varias obras herméticas

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 83»

«Note: A practical guide to the composition of menstruum vegetabile; related to the Testamentum and Codicillus.»y una guía práctica para componer el menstruum vegetabile, ligada al Testamentum y al Codicillus

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 83»

«Incipit/Explicit: Tempore serenissimi Roberti Anglorum regis.../...et paratus sum semper oboedire mandatis tuis.»el Lumen claritatis et flos florum se abre situándose en tiempos del serenísimo Roberto, rey de los ingleses

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 84»

«Dixit (dicit) philosophus: Accipe (sume) lapidem nostrum benedictum qui non est lapis.../...et prosequere sicut in argento docuimus.»y la Potestas divitiarum arranca con la fórmula del filósofo: tomar nuestra piedra bendita, que no es piedra

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 84»

«Note: The alchemical process according to nature is opposed to that described by an author referred to as paganus.»en otra entrada el proceso alquímico según la naturaleza se opone al que describe un autor al que se llama paganus

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 84»

«Incipit/Explicit: Rex illustrissime, vinum igitur ex quo aqua nostra.../...huic nulla paria esse dicebat, cuius rei testis sum ego Raymundus.»y en la Praxis quintae essentiae el texto se cierra con Raymundo declarándose testigo de lo dicho

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 85»

«Note: A practical treatise, thematically similar to the Codicillus. Often attributed in manuscripts to Hortulanus.»un tratado práctico afín al Codicillus aparece con frecuencia atribuido en los manuscritos a Hortulano, no a Llull

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 85»

«One of the most important alchemical treatises of the fourteenth century, developing a threefold conception of alchemy as ars transmutatoria, medica and lapidifica.»del Testamentum dice que es uno de los tratados alquímicos más importantes del siglo XIV y que despliega la concepción triple de la alquimia como ars transmutatoria, medica y lapidifica

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 87»

«Note: The basic text of the corpus, using alphabets and figures as mnemonic devices and citing two authentic Lullian works (see above, Introduction and Chapter 1.1).»y que es el texto básico del corpus, con alfabetos y figuras usados como recursos mnemotécnicos y con dos obras lulianas auténticas citadas dentro

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 87»

«The author tries to demonstrate the essential agreement of the texts in the corpus by defining the most significant alchemical terms used in the various works.»otra obra del corpus intenta mostrar el acuerdo esencial de sus textos definiendo los términos alquímicos más significativos que aparecen en unos y otros

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 88»

«The description of the practical opus employs a tree-like schema.»y describe el opus práctico con un esquema en forma de árbol

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 88»

«An alchemical practica similar to the Apertorium, with which Salzinger seems to confuse it.»señala confusiones de catálogo: una practica parecida al Apertorium con la que Salzinger parece confundirla

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 88»

«On alchemical waters. This text is often confused with the Apertorium (1.2) and may be a summary of its contents.»y un texto sobre aguas alquímicas que suele confundirse con el Apertorium y que quizá sea un resumen de su contenido

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 88»

«This brief treatise, without any Lullian features, is often copied together with the Testamentum in fifteenth-century manuscripts.»registra un tratado breve sin rasgo luliano alguno que se copia con frecuencia junto al Testamentum en manuscritos del siglo XV

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 90»

«Note: This treatise is not, as Thorndike claims, the same as the Liber lapidarii, although the contents of both works are related.»objeta a Thorndike que ese tratado no sea el Liber lapidarii, aunque los contenidos de ambos estén emparentados

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 92»

«Note: Not to be confused with L21 nor with the astrological Liber experimentorum attributed to Lull in MS Wien, ONB 12834.»y advierte que no se confunda esa obra con el Liber experimentorum astrológico atribuido a Llull en un manuscrito vienés

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 93»

«Note: Although not listed in the catalogues of Salzinger and later compilers, nor mentioned by Thorndike, this work seems to be related to the texts with ‘angelorum’ in the title (see Introduction and Chapter 2.5), many of which are cited in it.»de otra dice que, aunque no figure en los catálogos de Salzinger ni la mencione Thorndike, parece emparentada con los textos que llevan angelorum en el título

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 93»

«Note: In MS London, WML 446 there is a French translation of this work (end of the 15th C»y registra la traducción francesa de una de estas obras en un manuscrito londinense de finales del siglo XV

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 92»

«Note: An anonymous work, attributed to Lull only in MS Ross. lat. 576.»consigna el grado de la atribución: una obra anónima que solo un manuscrito, el Ross. lat. 576, pone a nombre de Llull

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 91»

«Note: According to Thorndike, History, IV, 640 and 645, this text is John of Rupescissa's Liber lucis without the prologue.»y adjudica en boca de Thorndike que las Octo operationes son el Liber lucis de Juan de Rupescissa sin el prólogo

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 93»

«Note: Not to be confused with the Liber trium verborum attributed to Kalid (TK 768).»advirtiendo que no se confunda el Liber trium verborum del corpus con el atribuido a Kalid

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 93»

«No manuscript of this work is known. It is not the same as the Accurtatio lapidis in MS Oxford, BdL, Ashmole 1494.»de una entrada dice que no se conoce manuscrito alguno y que no es la misma que la Accurtatio lapidis de un códice Ashmole

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 96»

«A collection of recipes, attributed to “Magister hospitalis Jerosolimitani' in MSS Cambridge, CCC 396 and Montpellier, B. de l'École de médecine 493.»otra es una colección de recetas que dos manuscritos atribuyen al maestro del hospital de Jerusalén

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 96»

«Although preserved in a manuscript along with pseudo-Lullian works, it is not attributed to Lull nor does it have any characteristic pseudo-Lullian features.»y otra, pese a conservarse junto a obras pseudolulianas, ni se atribuye a Llull ni tiene rasgo pseudoluliano característico

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 97»

«A work written by Petrus Valeacius Ragusensis “ex dictis magistri Raimundi Maioricani”.»el Reformatorium magnum lo escribió Petrus Valeacius Ragusensis a partir de dichos del maestro Raimundo Mallorquín, no Llull

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 97»

«A compilation from pseudo-Lullian works, written by Ettore Ausonio.»otra pieza es una compilación de obras pseudolulianas hecha por Ettore Ausonio

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 97»

«It is not attributed to Lull: see the title of the 1567 edition (RD 110): Tractatus de aquis, collectus a quodam studioso artis ex scriptis passim librorum Raymundi Lulli, super epistolam eiusdem, quae accurtatoria nuncupatur, et primo de aquis mineralibus.»y de un tratado sobre aguas señala que ni siquiera se le atribuye a Llull: el título de la edición de 1567 lo da por recogido de sus libros por un estudioso anónimo

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 98»

«This texts consists only of a recipe, attributed to Christopher of Paris in MS Paris, BN, franc. 19071.»mientras que otra entrada consiste solo en una receta, atribuida a Christopher of Paris en un manuscrito parisino

Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989)«Pereira — The Alchemical Corpus Attributed to Raymond Lull (1989) · p. 96»

Obras citadas

Conversación

lo que dicen los lectores — distinto de lo consignado en la ficha, que lleva cita