Malleus Maleficarum

«The most authoritative and influential treatise on the subject of witchcraft was indisputably the Malleus Maleficarum, or "The Witch's Hammer," written in 1486 by two erudite Dominican friars» — la presentación más extensa que le dedica una obra del corpus.

«It served as the official witch-hunter's handbook for nearly two centuries, the maximum authority used by inquisitors, magistrates and priests to justify the brutal torture and execution of alleged witches in every European country» — la función que le adjudica.

«The text was reprinted at least sixteen times in German, eleven times in French, twice in Italian and went through more than half a dozen editions in English. It became the principal source of inspiration for every work published after it.» — la cifra de difusión, tal como la da esa fuente.

«divided their treatise into three parts» — parte I, la naturaleza diabólica de la brujería; parte II, las tres clases de *maleficia* y cómo pueden ser «successfully annulled and dissolved»; parte III, el procedimiento del juicio y la pena.

«Of particular interest to us is the issue of physical contact with beings assumed to be demons, a form of interaction the two scholars call "transvection"» — el concepto que el catálogo de prodigios aéreos va a buscar en esta obra.

«(1) whether humans could feasibly procreate with demons and bear their children, and (2) whether people were taken physically by demonic beings and transported to secret locations, or if it was all in the mind» — las dos cuestiones que esa fuente declara más prominentes del tratado.

«The act of riding abroad may be merely illusory, since the devil has extraordinary power over the minds of those who have given themselves up to him, so that what they do in pure imagination, they believe they have actually and really done in the body.» — pasaje citado sin emisor declarado en el cuerpo; la línea `Source:` que cierra el caso, dos páginas después, nombra el Malleus en la traducción de Summers, «Part I, Question I, 7». No se puede adjudicar con más firmeza desde esta fuente.

«Malleus Maleficarum, written in 1486 by Heinrich Kramer and James Sprenger, translated with an introduction, bibliography and notes by Montague Summers (London: Bracken Books, 1996), 105» — el expediente completo de la traducción que usa esa fuente, con página interna.

«the most famous witch-hunting manual of all time, the Malleus maleficarum published by the two Dominican inquisitors Heinrich Kramer and Jakob Sprenger in 1487» — aquí el año es 1487, no 1486.

«it is an indisputable yet hardly noticed fact that the Malleus maleficarum begins with a denunciation of alchemy as well as witchcraft» — el hallazgo que esa obra reclama como propio: «This extraordinary fact has gone virtually unnoticed by historians».

«Opening folio of the famous witch hunter's manual Malleus maleficarum, containing a version of Avicenna's famous antialchemical edict, the Sciant artifices, in the upper right corner of the second column» — pie de la figura 2.1, que da el facsímil usado: el editado por André Schnyder, Göppingen, 1991.

«Demons do not work except by art. But art cannot give a true form. Whence it is said in the chapter on minerals that the authors of alchemy should know that species cannot be transmuted.» — tesis del primer folio, traducida y citada por esa fuente; es una de las objeciones que el propio manual se plantea para refutarlas después.

«the Thomistic position is immediately diluted by Kramer and Sprenger in order to support the power of demons and witches in the material world» — la operación doctrinal que esa fuente le adjudica.

«By loosening the bonds of Avicenna's Sciant artifices, the witch hunters liberated their own diabolical quarry from the inability to impose new forms» — el resultado: la sentencia antialquímica de Avicena, apropiada y desviada dentro del Malleus.

«Demones operantur per artem circa effectus maleficiales et ideo absque amminiculo alterius agentis nullam formam substantialem vel accidentalem inducere possunt» — latín del manual citado por esa fuente desde la edición de Schnyder, p. 13; la misma nota advierte que la frase «is clearly ungrammatical as it stands in the 1487 editio princeps» y coteja la edición veneciana de 1574.

«The famed culmination of this literary tradition was the Malleus maleficarum, written in 1486 by the inquisitors Jacob Sprenger and Henry Kramer, partly on the basis of trials that Kramer had conducted» — la sitúa como remate de la literatura de tratados sobre el sabbat, y adjudica los procesos a Kramer.

«The classic case of the misogynist witchcraft treatise is the Malleus maleficarum; earlier literature had seldom singled women out as specifically inclined toward witchcraft, but the Malleus and later texts routinely did so» — la ruptura que esa fuente le adjudica respecto de la literatura anterior.

«conveys this widely shared fear when it warns that charms must not contain explicit or implicit invocation of demons, such as reference to "unknown names."» — la regla del manual sobre los ensalmos, dentro de la discusión de cómo distinguir magia demoníaca de magia inocente.

«The authors of the Malleus maleficarum protested that some of these formulas contain falsification of the Bible» — Exigen que, al copiar pasajes bíblicos, no se ponga esperanza en el modo de la inscripción sino en el sentido del texto.

«the man from whom, incidentally, the Malleus maleficarum derived most of its misogynist tropes» — dicho del arzobispo Antonino de Florencia; es una adjudicación de fuente que solo esta obra del corpus hace.

«that demons are organized into an infernal parody of the celestial hierarchy is an assumption that the Malleus maleficarum shared with Thomas Aquinas» — la demonología del manual, alineada con la *Summa theologiae* i.109.1.

«a condition which the Malleus maleficarum speaks of as "the best known and most general form of witchcraft"» — sobre la *filocapta*, la mujer atada por amor; remite a ii.2.3.

«[Kramer, Heinrich, and (as ascribed) Jakob Sprenger], The Malleus maleficarum, trans. Montague Summers (London: Pushkin, 1928)» — el asiento bibliográfico más cauto del corpus: Sprenger va entre corchetes y con «as ascribed».

«the “Hammer of Witches,’ the Malleus Maleficarum (1486) of the Dominican monks Henricus Institoris and Jacob Sprenger» — aquí Kramer aparece bajo su nombre latinizado, Henricus Institoris.

«This witch-hunter's manual helped assure that questioning of suspects would confirm the prescribed pattern» — el efecto procesal que le adjudica: el interrogatorio confirma el patrón que el manual prescribe.

«Sprenger, Jacobus, and Heinrich Kramer. Malleus Maleficarum: The Hammer of Witchcraft. London: Folio Society, 1968.» — asiento bibliográfico con Sprenger primero y con una traducción distinta de la de Summers.

«the Malleus Maleficarum itself is careful to define forms of “natural magic” not counted as > witchcraft» — dato que corta contra la lectura del manual como condena indiscriminada: distingue, y la distinción es doctrinal.

«Two years later Sprenger and Kramer wrote their Malleus Maleficarum. Using a thomistic concept of the devil, they laid the basis for the witch craze and defined the heresy of witchcraft in terms of a rigid code, which would set the pattern for 300 years.» — encadenado a la bula *Summis desiderantes affectibus* de Inocencio VIII (1484), que los nombró inquisidores.

«The Malleus was influenced by Nicolaus Eymeric's Directorium Inquisitorum (1369) and made extensive use of ancient misogynist arguments» — su antecedente declarado por esa fuente.

«Echoing a misogynist bias characterizing a prior treatise on this subject, the Malleus maleficarum (1484)» — tercera fecha del corpus, 1484, en una entrada sobre Tritemio.

«our abbot stood firmly by the position of 15th century inquisitorial textbooks, such as the famous Malleus Maleficarum (1486)» — la misma obra, otra entrada, otra fecha: 1486.

«in the wake of the notorious Malleus Maleficarum of 1486 (the very year in which Pico planned his great debate), the great witch craze of the early modern period developed in perfect parallel with the ancient wisdom discourse» — el paralelismo cronológico entre la caza de brujas y el discurso de la sabiduría antigua.

«The Malleus itself came too early to be influenced by Pico's magical theses or Ficino's astral and talismanic magic in his De vita coelitus comparanda (1489)» — el límite que esa fuente pone al cruce: llega antes que la magia florentina.

«Thomas Aquinas and the authors of the infamous Malleus Maleficarum, which was published shortly before Pico's text, explicitly associated magic using "characters" and "figures" with demonic magic, as Pico was surely aware» — el manual como contexto de riesgo de las tesis 900.

«Using the infamous Malleus Maleficarum of Heinrich Kramer and James Sprenger» — el proceso de Metz: así describe esa fuente lo que hizo el inquisidor Nicolas Savin contra la mujer que Agrippa defendió.

«which he produced presently out of the depths of the “Malleus Maleficarum” and the principles of peripatetic Theology» — la carta de Agrippa al juez, reproducida por el editor moderno; la acusación citada es que las brujas engendran de íncubos y que el mal se hereda «as with an hereditary taint».

«All witchcraft comes from carnal lust, which is in women insatiable» — el pasaje que esa edición cita como 1.6 de la traducción de Summers, dentro de una nota del editor moderno.

«The Malleus is one of the few truly evil books that have ever been written. Agrippa was thoroughly familiar with this German work, published in 1486, and fought against it when he defended the accused witch at Metz.» — juicio del editor moderno (nota de Donald Tyson), no de Agrippa; se consigna como lo que es.

«And there are witches who can bewitch their judges by a mere look or glance from their eyes» — nota del editor, citada como 2.12 de la traducción de Summers, p. 139, con remisión también a 3.15.

«The authors of this book, first published c. , were Heinrich Kramer (Henricus Institoris) and James Sprenger.» — nota del aparato de la edición inglesa de Bruno; el año se perdió en la capa de texto y por eso queda en blanco.