The Great Introduction to the Science of the Judgments of the Stars

«known as Abu Ma'shar the astrologer, said: The reason that called us to write The Book of the Introduction to the Science of the Judgments of the Stars, is that I saw that the lovers of science aspire to the knowledge of things and the discovery of the sciences, and compiling them, so when that is prepared for them their desire is fulfilled: because the fulfillment of scholars' goals happens» — el arranque del capítulo I.1, en tercera persona y con la fórmula *dijo*: el motivo declarado para escribir es que los amantes de la ciencia aspiran al conocimiento de las cosas y a compilarlas

«This is the book which the famous astrologer Ja'far b. Muhammad b. Abi Ma'shar,3 of Balkh in Khurasan, wrote on the art of the introduction to the science of the judgments of the stars; and it is in eight Books, and in each Book we will state the number of its chapters.» — la obra se nombra a sí misma y nombra a su autor: Ja'far b. Muhammad b. Abi Ma'shar, de Balj en Jurasán, y anuncia los ocho libros. La grafía del nombre y el 3 de llamada a nota van tal cual los imprime el troceo

«In the name of God the Merciful, the Compassionate: Praise be to God Who created the heavens and the earth, and the wonders which are in them, and Who made the planets as embellishments and lamps, and appointed them as indicators and guidance to follow, and made the earth a resting place, and decreed its nourishment in it; and there is no God but God alone, He has no partner; and the praise of God be upon Muhammad the prophet, his slave and messenger, and upon his family» — la *basmala* y la doxología con que abre el libro: Dios hizo los planetas adorno y lámparas y los designó indicadores y guía. La frase sigue en la plana siguiente

«And we have found many books which [our] predecessors among the people of the profession of the stars wrote, but have not seen a book among them in which this profession is established by means of sufficient arguments, nor a [sufficient] beginning in what someone looking into this science needs.» — el estado de la cuestión que declara I.1, 2: hay muchos libros de los predecesores en la profesión de las estrellas, y ninguno donde la profesión quede establecida con argumentos suficientes

«And we have found that people have disagreed about the essence of judgments: for [some] people said that the power of the planets' motions have no effect in this world at all,4 while other people said that they have an effect in genera, species, and the four principles, but in no other thing.» — I.1, 3 enumera el desacuerdo sobre la esencia de los juicios: unos niegan todo efecto a los movimientos planetarios, otros lo limitan a géneros, especies y los cuatro principios

«And [some] people said that they have an effect in just the shifting of the season and its alteration,6 while other people said (within the torrent of differing statements) that they have an effect in everything in this world: and this is the teaching of the masters of the profession of the stars.» — I.1, 4 completa el reparto de posiciones: unos limitan el efecto al cambio de estación, otros lo extienden a todo, y esto último es lo que la obra adjudica a los maestros de la profesión

«Many people have thought that the judgments of the stars are something which people found by guesswork and estimation, without their having a sound basis to work on or measure against, and indeed that they have no explanation nor proof, nor defense against objections,7 and that all people among those of this profession follow the ancients of the old eras in all things of this science, and if one of the ancients had not set forth a prior statement on one of the topics, the scholars of this profession were unable to generate knowledge about that matter.» — I.1 enuncia la objeción a la que responde el libro entero: que los juicios de las estrellas se hallaron por conjetura y estimación, sin base ni prueba, y que sus practicantes solo repiten a los antiguos

«So we have written this book of ours on the establishing of judgments by sufficient arguments and proofs, and in it we have made clear the explanation of the conditions of the planets and signs, and their natures and conditions (both separately and in composite), according to the detailed examination which is needed in this book.» — y el propósito con que la responde: establecer los juicios por argumentos y pruebas suficientes, explicando las condiciones de planetas y signos por separado y en composición

«indeed, the knowledge there is of it, is not "found,"8 but its derivation is possible for scholars by means of the foundations of this profession.» — niega que el saber astrológico se haya *hallado*: sostiene que se deriva de los fundamentos de la profesión. La llamada a nota 8 va dentro del tramo

«And the wise needed to know the name of the author of the book, because when the reader is aware that the author of a book is knowledgeable in the doctrine of the book [and] sincere in talking about it, he will accept its teaching and be confident in the truth of what he reads.» — la tercera de las siete rúbricas —el nombre del autor— y la razón que le da: el lector confía en la enseñanza cuando sabe que quien la escribe la conoce y habla con sinceridad

«As for [6] which of the parts of this profession it belongs to, it is of the part of theory: and indeed in it there is something of the theoretical part which the follower of an introduction needs for the knowledge of judgments.» — la sexta rúbrica: el libro se adscribe a la parte teórica de la profesión, y da de ella lo que necesita quien sigue una introducción

«And indeed the book is divided into Books and Chapters, because when a book is understood [only] with difficulty but is then divided and rendered into parts, it is easier for the reader's comprehension, and more convenient for him.» — la razón didáctica de la partición en libros y capítulos: lo que se entiende con dificultad se entiende mejor dividido

«Now the earth is round, and the spheres are round [and] encompass it; the highest sphere rotates in its own right, and these [other] spheres and what is in them in terms of the planets [all] rotate about the earth by one rotation in a [single] day and night, from the east to the west.» — la cosmología que da por supuesta: tierra redonda, esferas redondas que la envuelven, y una rotación diaria de oriente a poniente

«And all of the higher bodies move in two motions: many of the spheres travel in a way that is in agreement with the course of the highest sphere, from east to west," while as for the planets, they travel from west to east,12 contrary to the course of the highest sphere.» — el doble movimiento: las esferas acompañan a la más alta de oriente a poniente y los planetas van de poniente a oriente, en contra

«Regarding the stars and their motion, there are two species of the science, wonderful to consider and great in value:» — abre la división de la ciencia de los astros en dos especies

«Now as for much of the quality [which is] evident [in] the science of the whole, it is discovered by direct observation; and what is not discovered by that observation is by inference from it, compelling [us] to accept it: because the indications and proofs of it are due to plain and clear reasons agreed upon in the science of calculation, geometry, and land-measurement which doubt does not enter into, and rational minds will not refrain from accepting, nor would one push away this science unless he stubbornly resists the truth.» — la primera especie, la ciencia del todo, se apoya en observación directa y, donde no alcanza, en inferencia por cálculo, geometría y medición de la tierra; y quien la rechace, dice, resiste tercamente a la verdad

«The first species, on the science of the stars (which is the science of the whole), is relied upon for information about the second species (which is the science of the judgments of the stars).» — la relación entre las dos especies: la ciencia del todo sirve de base informativa a la ciencia de los juicios

«As for most of the science of judgments, it is apparent, clear, and ready-to-hand; but what is not apparent in it is inferred by clear analogies from the science of the natures of things,14 and what is apparent from the powers of the planets' motions over this world at the time of their culmination15 over some places, and their distance from the earth (and their nearness to it).» — sostiene que la mayor parte de la ciencia de los juicios está a la vista, y que lo que no lo está se infiere por analogías claras tomadas de la ciencia de las naturalezas

«Of the apparent ones which the general public understands by their clear experience, is that they find the seasons (spring, summer, autumn, and winter) existing by means of the Sun's shifting in the quarters of the [zodiacal] sphere; and they find that the natures alter and shift from one to another, and some of them are strong and some weak in the seasons, and in their agreement with [the seasons] and their being contrary to them.» — la primera analogía pública: las estaciones existen por el desplazamiento del Sol por los cuartos de la esfera

«For if the natures alter with the seasons, and the seasons alter by the Sun's shifting in the quarters of the sphere, then the shifting of the natures from one to another will therefore be by means of the Sun's shifting in the quarters of the sphere.» — y el silogismo que arma con ella: si las naturalezas cambian con las estaciones y las estaciones con el Sol, el cambio de las naturalezas se debe al Sol

«And that is like what we see at the beginning of the stirring of a man and the rest of the animals upon the Sun's reaching their east: for so long as the Sun is rising up to their Midheaven, their movement is in [a state of] increase and power; but when the Sun inclines away from the Midheaven, their motion weakens and decreases up to the setting of the Sun.» — el ejemplo diario: el hombre y los demás animales se agitan al llegar el Sol a su oriente

«Now when the Sun sets from them, it is night and bodies become still in it, and become tranquil and weaken, and they become relaxed for sleeping and quiet, and generally animals go to their homes and lairs.» — y su reverso nocturno: los cuerpos se aquietan y los animales vuelven a sus casas y guaridas

«As for plants, the effect of the Sun is apparent in them, because many of them appear, become strong, flourish, and increase upon the rising of the Sun: such as the fragrant herb which is called the nilufar,'6 the marigold, the mallow, and the leaves of the castor-oil plant, and many other things among vegetation which stir and flourish along with his motion.» — el mismo argumento en las plantas, que se fortalecen y crecen al salir el Sol

«As for minerals, precious stones are born in them in accordance with their nearness to the orbit of the Sun (or their distance from it), because when the Sun culminates over some place, there is heat; while when he moves away, there is cold.» — y en los minerales: las piedras preciosas se generan según la cercanía o lejanía de la órbita solar

«And an evident effect is also found for the Moon in many things, because the more that the Moon changes from condition to condition, many alterations take place in animals, plants, and minerals, and in the water of the sea, and in the falling of the sperm, the birthing of animals, and the inception of offspring and pollination: and that is in accordance with her increase in glow and her decrease in it, and the rest of the variation of her conditions.» — extiende el efecto evidente a la Luna, cuyos cambios de condición alteran animales, plantas y minerales

«For if there were no partnership of the planets with them, no summer would be hotter than another, nor one winter colder than another.» — el argumento por el que introduce a los demás planetas: sin su participación ningún verano sería más caliente que otro ni ningún invierno más frío

«But as for people with prior experience and whose days and years are long in it, they have learned some of that from their predecessors; but when they drew analogies from these evident matters which they found of the activity of the planets in the seasons and these natures in terms of alteration, they knew recondite and subtle things from them.» — distingue al público general de quienes tienen larga experiencia y, sacando analogías de lo evidente, llegaron a lo recóndito y sutil

«As for sowers, they know the time in which sowing is better for plants greater for profit and growth, so they sow in that time.» — el primer oficio de la lista: los sembradores conocen el tiempo en que la siembra rinde más

«And sailors and the managers of ships understand the time in which the sea is stirred up due to the blowing of winds, and waves, and the time in which it is calm, and at which time of the year every wind blows: so they refrain from sailing the sea during a time when they know that the sea is disturbed by bad winds and waves, and sail it during times of the year when they know that the wind will be with them and not harming them.» — el segundo: marinos y patrones de nave conocen cuándo se levanta y cuándo se calma el mar

«They report that they know it by long examination and their experience in the divisions of the year and its conditions, and the course of the Sun and Moon, and the Moon's being in any of the 28 mansions, and from the Moon's increase and decrease in glow, and from the planets' easternization and westernization in that time.» — y la fuente de ese saber, según ellos mismos: examen largo y experiencia del curso del Sol y de la Luna. La obra lo consigna en boca ajena, con *they report*

«Likewise, the people of all crafts: for in their crafts they have subtle things they know by long experience and do not make mistakes in it, and they say that the reasons by which they know these things, is by their long experience in the alterations of the air, its variation, and the mansions1' of the Sun and Moon.» — generaliza el argumento a todos los oficios: lo que saben por larga experiencia lo remiten al Sol y a la Luna

«And people do also perceive many things by experience, apart from the indications of the stars.» — concede el límite del argumento: también se percibe mucho por experiencia al margen de las indicaciones de los astros

«And that is like midwives, for they understand by experience whether a woman is pregnant or not, and [whether] the fetus is male or female; and they also understand from a first-born child whether the woman will give birth after that or not, and the number she will give birth to: and their errors are few in what they report about these things due to the length of their experience and the abundance of what they have heard from the ancestors who had experienced these things from ancient times.» — el ejemplo de las parteras, que conocen por experiencia el embarazo y el sexo del feto

«So as for their knowledge of whether a woman is pregnant or not, they looked at the woman whom they suspect to be pregnant, and if they saw the tips of her breasts to have expanded and changed from the color which they had, she was pregnant.» — el primer signo que les atribuye, tomado de los pechos

«And what they also drew inferences from about a pregnant woman, was looking at the eyes of that woman: for if they saw they were sunken, and droopiness in her eyelids, and they saw she was sharp of gaze, with clear, full pupils, the white of the eye thick, they knew that she was pregnant.» — el segundo, tomado de los ojos y los párpados

«As for their knowledge of masculinity and femininity, they looked at the woman's belly: if they saw it full, round, and coarse, with firmness in it,18 and they saw her having a clear color,19 they knew that the fetus was male.» — el signo del vientre para el sexo masculino

«Then after that they looked at the tips of her breasts: for if they had changed to black, they knew that the fetus was female; while if they had changed to red, they knew that the fetus was male22—except that this indication by itself is sometimes misleading from woman to woman.» — el signo del color de los pechos, y su límite: la obra consigna que varía de mujer a mujer

«And if they saw two crowns on its head, they knew that she would give to two boys in a single belly after that.» — el signo de las dos coronillas para el parto doble

«For when the one born falls upon the earth, in the length of its umbilical cord are lumps and knots: so they saw how many lumps and knots there were, and said that that woman would give birth to as many individual children as there were lumps and knots in the length of that cord.» — los nudos del cordón umbilical como cuenta de los hijos por venir

«As for doctors, they know what occurs in the seasons of the year in people's bodies, with respect to the dominance of the heating, cooling, moistening, or drying.» — pasa a los médicos, que conocen el dominio de calentar, enfriar, humedecer o secar según la estación

«And these things by which the doctors gain information (among the difference of the seasons of the year, and the air of countries, and the alteration of natures), comes to be through the power of the planets' motion; like the warming power of the Sun, and the moistening power of the Moon, and what appears from the action of the planets upon their blending with the Sun and Moon in every season.» — y remite ese saber médico al Sol y a la Luna en cada estación

«Now doctors are more knowledgeable about the reasons and causes, and the knowledge of the natures [themselves], than the masters of breeding, herdsmen, and others, for [the doctors'] profession is closer to the profession of the stars than the professions which we stated above; because the profession of medicine is the knowledge of the natures of the four principles, and the bodies of animals, plants, stones, waters, and their blending, as well as the knowledge of their special properties and what harmonizes with that and differs [from that] in countries.» — jerarquiza los oficios: el médico sabe de razones y causas más que criadores y pastores

«So, for the reasons we have stated, the profession of medicine is closer to the profession of the stars, and more noble than the professions which we stated before.» — y concluye que la medicina es la más cercana a la profesión de las estrellas y más noble que las demás

«Thus they say: "This is heating, this is cooling, this moistening, and this drying, and the special property of each one is that it does such-and-such."» — la fórmula con que resume el proceder del médico: cada cosa calienta, enfría, humedece o seca, y tiene su propiedad especial

«As for the astrologers, they understand the powers of the planets by means of what appears from their activity in this world.» — y el proceder paralelo del astrólogo: conocer las potencias de los planetas por lo que se ve de su actividad en este mundo

«So, they say the Sun is heating due to what they see of his heating power, and the Moon is moistening due to what they see of the power of her activity in the water of the sea and the rest of waters, and likewise they understand the powers of the rest of the wandering and fixed stars by analogy with what appears from the powers of their movements upon this earth.» — el ejemplo con que lo ilustra: el Sol calienta por su potencia visible, la Luna humedece por lo que se ve en el agua del mar

«And also, the milk of the pregnant woman is taken between two fingers, and one looks: for if there was thickness in the milk and strong stickiness, they knew that the fetus was male; but if that milk was fluid, inclining to thinness, and there is no stickiness in it, they knew that the fetus was female.» — la prueba de la leche tomada entre dos dedos: espesor y adherencia para el varón

«the astrologer seeks information from the planets and the powers of their actions in the natures.» — el objeto propio del astrólogo: los planetas y las potencias de su acción sobre las naturalezas

«the doctor seeks information by means of the powers of the natures and their alteration and shifting from condition to condition—and indeed the alteration of the natures and their shifting comes to be through the activity of the planets in them.» — y el del médico: las potencias de las naturalezas y su cambio, que la obra remite a la actividad de los planetas

«the profession of the stars is a heavenly profession, and its object is the stars— which do not change» — la razón por la que jerarquiza las dos: la profesión de las estrellas es celeste y su objeto no cambia. La frase sigue

«the profession of medicine and the rest of the professions are earthly, and their object is bodies» — y la contraria: medicina y demás oficios son terrestres y su objeto son los cuerpos

«this time is healthy for bodies, their survival, and the moderation of their natures» — una de las dos sentencias que atribuye al astrólogo capaz: el tiempo sano para los cuerpos

«this is a time for the illness of bodies, their shifting, corruption, and the weakness of their natures» — y su contraria: el tiempo de la enfermedad y la corrupción

«Thus if he had foreknowledge of the planets' motions and their conditions, he would also have prior information about the conditions of individuals, and [his] statement concerning them about what will come to be from all of their conditions, will be prior to their existing at a» — la inferencia que autoriza la práctica: sabidos de antemano los movimientos planetarios, se sabe de antemano la condición de los individuos

«Now if error happens to occur in it, that is not due to this profession [itself], but rather that is from a failure» — la defensa ante el error: lo imputa a quien practica, no a la profesión. La frase sigue

«And that is because the master of this profession needs to be knowledgeable in the paths of the planets and their courses, conditions, their exact degrees and minutes in the signs at any time he needs them» — la exigencia que pone al practicante: conocer caminos, cursos, condiciones y grados exactos de los planetas

«Sometimes that error was due to the doubtfulness of its indications, and the difficulty of distinguishing one of them from another.» — concede una segunda causa de error, esta vez del lado del objeto: la ambigüedad de las indicaciones

«So, one should carry out what one needs to, because a little knowledge has great benefit, and especially foreknowledge» — y la regla práctica que deriva: un poco de conocimiento tiene gran provecho

«we already see doctors and other masters of the professions make errors in the foreknowledge of illnesses and ailments, when they report what the illness comes from and [what will] occur with the sick person, in terms of the harshness of his ailment or its ease, and the quickness of his recovery or the length of his illness, and his safety or death, and the rest of the conditions of illnesses, of what occurs in them and [what] his condition will revert to due to them.» — el argumento por comparación: también los médicos yerran al pronosticar enfermedades

«But, their few errors do not prevent doctors from having a desire for their own profession, looking good in it and using it.» — y su conclusión: los pocos errores no apartan al médico de su oficio

«And likewise the managers of ships; the sailor does not give up navigation, nor do the people give up traveling by water due to the small error of the sailor.» — el mismo argumento con la navegación: nadie deja de viajar por mar por el pequeño error del marino

«But the error of all whom we have stated, is greater in harm than the error of a master of the profession of the stars: because when the doctor errs in the foreknowledge of illnesses, treatment, and remedies, sometimes his error is a cause of killing people, and their death.» — el argumento comparativo sobre el daño: el error del médico mata

«But if the master of the profession of the stars errs, for the most part it will be that its master is ignorant of the foreknowledge of the thing which happens and comes to be, so he will omit making advance warning of harm and detestable things prior to their arrival; and sometimes his neglect of advance warning will invite something detestable (though transitory), and sometimes there will be destruction in it; but sometimes there will not be a single thing of what we have stated, and that error will not harm its master.» — y el del astrólogo, que sostiene inofensivo para el que lo comete

«And what is more right for the masters of this stellar science than to use what they have attained in it, and abstain from what is hidden from them, and to leave off from undertaking what their understanding has not attained?» — la regla de conducta que impone al practicante: usar lo alcanzado y abstenerse de lo oculto

«For, most of the blame which clings to the scholars of this profession is because ignorant people intend to look into it seeking profit, acquisition, and an increase in rank and power: so, they will claim knowledge in this profession which they have not achieved and are unable to comprehend, and they have no aptitude in its knowledge.» — adjudica el descrédito de la profesión a los ignorantes que se meten en ella por lucro

«So for this reason many of the common people find a way to reject this science and accuse it of lies and the inadequacy of its scholars and people.» — y de ahí deriva el rechazo popular y la acusación de mentira

«And just this kind of bad impediment occurs in all professions.» — acota el reproche: el mismo estorbo se da en todos los oficios

«Anyone who composes a book must make clear the concept of the book at the beginning of what he is undertaking.» — la regla metodológica que abre I.2: todo libro ha de aclarar su concepto al principio

«And in the knowledge of things, the Sage33 has determined for us four definitional points which anyone wanting knowledge of things must adhere to:» — atribuye al Sabio —el Filósofo, con la llamada a nota 33 dentro del tramo— los cuatro puntos definicionales del conocimiento de las cosas

«The first is that one must understand [ I ] "whether" or not the thing asked about or sought, exists.» — el primero de los cuatro: si la cosa buscada existe

«As for the planets, [ 1 ] they are discovered by the sense of sight, and those who possess discernment are not able to deny their existence.» — y su aplicación a los planetas: se descubren por la vista, y quien discierne no puede negar su existencia

«But as for [2] the "what-it-is" of the planets, all of the ancient philosophers (among those who discussed higher things), were agreed that their essence is of a nature contrary to these four natures which are below the sphere of the Moon (I mean, fire, air, water, and earth).» — el segundo punto, el qué-es: adjudica a todos los filósofos antiguos el acuerdo en que la esencia de los planetas es de una naturaleza distinta de los cuatro elementos

«Because if they were of these four natures, there would inhere in them what inheres in these natures, with respect to the transformation of one into the other, and generation and passing away, and increase and decrease: and because of that the sages said that the essence of the sphere and what is in it (of the planets) is of a fifth nature.» — y el argumento de la quinta naturaleza: si fueran de los cuatro elementos les convendría transformarse unos en otros

«And also, it is because none of the motions are complete except for circular motion, since what moves in circular motion is not able to come to a rest (because its motion has no beginning nor end).» — el argumento del movimiento circular como único movimiento completo, sin principio ni fin

«For when fire produces burning in wood, and a change from something to something through its motion and special property, smoke is stimulated from the wetness which is in the wood: because the smoke is in the wood potentially, so through the motion it emerges into actuality.» — la analogía del fuego y la leña: el humo se estimula desde la humedad y pasa a acto

«Likewise, change and a shifting over from one thing to another is stimulated by the motions of the planets in the four principles, so that generation and corruption occurs from [the change and shift]: because generation and corruption are in the four principles potentially, so that by the planets' setting them into motion, they emerge into actuality.» — y su aplicación: los movimientos planetarios estimulan el cambio en los cuatro principios, y así generación y corrupción pasan a acto

«Now for any of the terrestrial bodies, its action in other things comes to be in one of two ways: [l] by [direct] contact, and [2] through an intermediary.» — la partición de la acción de un cuerpo terrestre en contacto directo y mediación

«Something whose action is in other things by [l] contact, is like fire's activity of burning in wood by coming into contact with it, and like ice's activity of cooling by coming into contact with any body receptive of cooling.» — el caso del contacto, con el fuego que quema la leña y el hielo que enfría

«One of them is [2a] what occurs from the voluntary action of a man upon another body by means of a medium which is between them both.» — la primera mediación, la voluntaria de un hombre sobre otro cuerpo

«And the second is [2b] what any body effects by its impressing39 on another one through a proximate intermediary.» — la segunda, por medio próximo

«That is like the heating activity of fire on water through the medium of the vessels which the water is inj or, like the chilling activity of ice on water through the intermediary of the vessels which the water is in.» — con el ejemplo del fuego que calienta el agua a través de la vasija. El troceo imprime *is inj* por *is in*

«And the third is [2c] what any body effects by its impressing on another one through a distant medium.» — y la tercera, por medio distante

«And that is like a magnetic stone which, by its character, moves iron and attracts it to itself from a certain distance through the medium of air, due to what is in that stone (of the character of setting iron into motion and attracting it), and due to what is in the character of the iron (in terms of a receptivity to being moved by the stone, and the attraction to it because of its connecting with it by nature).» — el ejemplo con que la sostiene: la piedra imán que mueve el hierro a distancia a través del aire

«Now, the celestial bodies' setting the terrestrial bodies into motion, and their alteration of them, and their changing of one of them into another, is in accordance with [2c] this third way: and that is due to what is in the celestial bodies (in terms of the motion producing alteration and change in terrestrial bodies), and due to what is in the terrestrial bodies (of a receptivity to motion, alteration, and transformation from the motion of the higher bodies), from their connection to them by nature.» — aplica el esquema a los cuerpos celestes, que mueven y alteran los terrestres a distancia y por naturaleza

«And since generation and corruption in this world are stimulated by their motions, [the planets] come to have an indication over what is generated and corrupted.» — y de ahí extrae la indicación: los planetas indican lo que se genera y se corrompe porque sus movimientos lo estimulan

«But these people have made a mistake, because the "things" in this topic are of three types: one of them is [l] the activity of a thing, the second is [2] what is acted upon by the thing, and the third is [3] what is stimulated by the thing.» — objeta a quienes confunden lo actuado y lo estimulado, y distingue tres tipos: actividad, lo actuado y lo estimulado

«But as for [3] what is stimulated by another, it is different from these two types: for it is what occurs in the thing from the other, in terms of motion and change—even if it is at a certain distance from it.» — define el tercer tipo, lo estimulado, como lo que ocurre en una cosa desde otra a cierta distancia

«And indeed, the variation of individuals and their qualities is in accordance with the motion of the planets, in proportion to the reception of these influences from them.» — introduce la receptividad como medida: la variación de los individuos va según el movimiento de los planetas y en proporción a cómo lo reciben

«And it is not from the Sun's "choice" that he alights in this quarter, or that those things are generated or corrupted, but it is due to his reaching this quarter by natural motion, and from his motion about us, that there is a stimulation of these natural things of different species.» — niega elección al Sol: alcanza el cuarto de la esfera por su movimiento, no por elegirlo, y de ahí la estimulación de lo natural

«And in this way there [also] comes to be a stimulation of things coming to be and passing away in this world, from the motions of the planets and from their reaching all of the positions of the circle, by the permission of God.» — y cierra el paso con la cláusula que repite en todo el libro: por permisión de Dios

«And if its power is endless, it cannot be a body, but rather it is required to be a mover of bodies;» — el argumento del motor: si su potencia es sin fin no puede ser cuerpo, sino motor de cuerpos

«For everything caused, its cause is prior to it in rank; and the caused leads us to the cause, and we understand the cause by means of the caused.» — el principio de prioridad de la causa, y el sentido en que se conoce: del causado a la causa

«So it is now clear that God, the Maker, the Creator, the Blessed and Exalted, assigned natural indications and movements to the planets, and that by means of what is stimulated by the powers of their natural motions in the four principles, there comes to be a composition of things which are natured, and a division of all species (due to the natures and forms) into the divisions which are in the species.» — la conclusión teológica del capítulo I.4: es Dios quien asignó a los planetas indicaciones y movimientos naturales

«And the forms are what have been appointed as rulers over the natures, and they fashion [the natures] into their substantiality, and they draw forth and adopt, from the natures, tools adequate for them, so that what is in the natures potentially, is manifested into actuality.» — define la forma como gobernante de las naturalezas, que las labra en su substancialidad y las lleva a acto

«And the philosophers made an analogy like that, because they likened the forms to craftsmen, and the natures to tools, and said the forms were skillful craftsmen while the natures are various tools.» — la analogía que atribuye a los filósofos: las formas son artesanos y las naturalezas, herramientas

«But there is no craftsman among them unless it is with a tool which differs from the tool of another, and his knowledge is not practicable unless it is with a tool adequate to his craft:» — y el límite que la analogía impone: no hay artesano sin herramienta adecuada a su arte

«And we know that everything in them which is not from their special property, is what is stimulated in natured things due to the power of the planets' motions,53 by the permission of God.» — reparte lo que hay en las cosas: lo que no viene de su propiedad especial se estimula por la potencia de los movimientos planetarios

«The third special property is that they are susceptible to increase and decrease: because one air is wetter than [another] air, and one earth is drier than [another] earth, and one water colder than [another] water, and one hotness is less than [another] hotness—all of the four natures taking on increase and increase.» — la tercera, aumento y disminución: un aire es más húmedo que otro y una tierra más seca que otra

«Because of that, the activity is attributed to the forms, and [the philosophers] liken them to craftsmen, and they make the natures be like tools.» — adjudica a las formas la actividad, y de nuevo a los filósofos la comparación con artesanos y herramientas

«The first special property is that they are antithetical to each other: because the hotness and the dry which are in fire, are antithetical to the coldness and wetness which are in water.» — la primera propiedad especial de las cuatro naturalezas, la antítesis, con el ejemplo del fuego y el agua

«As for the forms, they have three special properties different from the special properties of the natures:» — abre el contraste: las formas tienen tres propiedades distintas de las de las naturalezas

«The first special property is that they are not antithetical to each other: because in his essentiality54 and rationality the man is not the antithesis of anything.» — la primera de las formas, la no antítesis: en su esencialidad y racionalidad el hombre no es antítesis de nada

«The second special property is that they do not transform into each other: because the man does not transform from his humanness into something else.» — la segunda: las formas no se transforman unas en otras, porque el hombre no deja de ser hombre

«And the third is that they are not susceptible to increase and decrease: because a man does not have more or less in his [essential] life and rationality than another man.» — y la tercera: no admiten aumento ni disminución, porque un hombre no tiene más vida ni más racionalidad que otro

«Now, the forms adopt from [their] "tools" what is adequate to them, because they adopt the human (I mean, the species) from the hot and wet natures (and the rest of them) as agreeable tools suitable for receiving the animal and rational soul, and adequate for laying down, standing up, resting, and the rest of the motions.» — el mecanismo con que las formas toman de las naturalezas lo que les conviene: lo caliente y húmedo da herramientas aptas para recibir el alma animal y racional

«And all of the seven planets, in the harmony and difference of their conditions, collaborate in indicating the conditions of every individual in this world, be that individual small or large, except that one of them will have a greater indication in some kinds or species or individuals, than what another planet has.» — el principio de colaboración: los siete planetas concurren en indicar la condición de cada individuo, y ninguno lo hace solo

«And that is like the indication of the Sun for generic life which belongs to every breathing, developing, moving animal, while the indication of Mercury is over the species of man.» — el reparto que le sirve de ejemplo: el Sol indica la vida genérica de todo animal que respira y Mercurio la especie humana

«Mercury has the sole indication of humanity which is the species, and the indication over the tongue and mouth through his partnership with the [other] planets.» — asigna a Mercurio la indicación única de la humanidad como especie, y la lengua y la boca en sociedad con los demás

«Saturn has the indication over the spleen, Jupiter the indication over the liver, Mars the indication over the blood, Venus the indication over the kidneys and the spermatic duct, and the Moon the indication over the stomach.» — el reparto de los órganos: bazo a Saturno, hígado a Júpiter, sangre a Marte, riñones a Venus y estómago

«And each limb comes to have a place in the body, a nature, a function, and a condition which does not belong to the other limbs.» — y el principio que lo justifica: cada miembro tiene lugar, naturaleza, función y condición propios

«A single citron is like that: it has a shape, a rind, flesh, acidic pulp, and seeds, and its seeds have two skins, and in the cavity of that seed is another seed; and each one of them has a nature and special function.» — la analogía de la cidra, con su piel, su pulpa y sus semillas encajadas, para el mismo punto

«And if there were no collaboration of all of the planets' indications in a single individual, it would not have different parts, qualities, and conditions, nor these portions with their qualities: it would come to be part-by-part, and their collaboration would be sporadic:61 but all of them do collaborate in the indication over the parts of a single individual, and its qualities and conditions, in one fell swoop.» — y el contrafáctico con que lo cierra: sin la colaboración de todas las indicaciones el individuo no tendría partes ni cualidades distintas

«75 And all natural individuals are composed of the four principles in one of two ways.» — abre la partición de los modos de composición de los individuos naturales

«78 And mineral essences come to be from different vapors, not from something like them.» — el caso mineral: las esencias minerales vienen de vapores distintos, no de algo semejante a ellas

«80 And in this second way is a refutation of those saying that nothing comes to be except from something of its own genus, and an indication that it comes to be through the decree of the Almighty, the Knowing, and His arranging it.» — y el uso polémico que hace del segundo modo: niega a quienes sostienen que nada llega a ser sino de su mismo género

«1 Some people reject the science of the judgments of the stars, and they are in ten categories:» — abre el capítulo I.5 con el censo de los adversarios: diez categorías de quienes rechazan la ciencia de los juicios

«2 As for the first category, they say that the planets do not have an indication over anything which is generated and corrupted in this world which is below the sphere of the Moon.» — la primera objeción que recoge: los planetas no indican nada de lo que se genera y corrompe bajo la esfera de la Luna

«3 But we say that all sages agree that every essence62 moves by a natural motion, and natural transformations are stimulated (by its natural motion) in other things connected to it by nature.» — y la respuesta: adjudica a todos los sabios el acuerdo en que toda esencia se mueve con movimiento natural y estimula transformaciones en lo conectado con ella

«8 And likewise these heavenly bodies: since they are in natural motion about this world, a transformation is stimulated by their natural motion in these four principles connected with them by nature, from one [principle] to another: and upon the transformation of one of them to another there is generation and corruption, by the permission of God.» — aplica el principio a los cuerpos celestes, cuyo movimiento natural estimula la transformación de los cuatro principios

«9 Therefore, the transformation of one to another, and the generation and corruption which exists from them, is an effect of the higher, moving bodies» — y saca la consecuencia: generación y corrupción son efecto de los cuerpos superiores en movimiento. El tramo se corta en el salto de plana

«10 And that is like wood which is burned so that it becomes charcoal: for even though it is corrupted from the woody nature by the motion of the fire in it, from that motion comes the generation of charcoal, because the corruption of one thing is the generation of another things.» — el ejemplo de la leña que se hace carbón: la corrupción de una cosa es la generación de otra

«11 So due to that, the generality of preceding philosophers said that eternal, natural generation is stimulated by the eternal, natural motions of the planets, until the time when God wills that [to cease].» — adjudica a la generalidad de los filósofos anteriores la tesis de la generación natural eterna estimulada por los movimientos eternos de los planetas

«12 As for the second category, they state that the planets do have indications over general things like the four principles (which are fire, air, water, and earth), and over the transformation of one into the other, and over genera and species in a general way—like their indications in the sense of a genus, over "the living" in general (which is stated about each body which has life), and indicating in the sense of a species, over man, horse, donkey, and the rest of species in a general way.» — la segunda objeción: los planetas indican lo general, los cuatro principios, y no más

«14 Nor do they indicate [2] the parts of individuals either, like the head, hand, leg, and the rest of limbs; nor [3] their conditions, like standing, sitting, illness and health, and the rest of the various general and partial conditions which belong to each individual in the world.» — y el alcance que esa objeción les niega: partes de los individuos y sus condiciones

«The second argument is that wholes are said to be wholes in virtue of their parts, and parts are parts of a whole: and [therefore] a single individual is one of the parts of a whole species, and a species is a whole in virtue of the single individuals which fall under it.» — el segundo argumento contra ella: el todo se dice tal por sus partes, y el individuo es parte de su especie

«So if the planets indicate a species, then they also indicate the single individual which belongs to that species, because when they indicate the general species of human (which is predicable of each individual human), and the species of horse (which is predicable of each individual horse), then they also indicate [l] the single individuals: which are the individual human (such as Sa'id and Khalid) and the individual horse.» — de donde infiere que quien indica la especie indica el individuo

«So, the planets do therefore have an indication for [l] single individuals, the [2] parts of individuals, and [3] their general and special properties and conditions.» — y la conclusión en tres tiempos: individuos, partes de individuos y sus propiedades y condiciones

«The people who [l] rejected the judgments of the stars by reason of the possible, argued by saying that the Philosopher stated that the conditions of things in the world are three: the necessary (like that fire is heating), the impossible (like that a man flies), and the possible (like that a man writes).» — la objeción por lo posible, que atribuye a gente de examen y debate y apoya en el Filósofo. El troceo imprime la marca de lista como *[l]*

«But, [they say], the stars indicate [only] two of the factors, the necessary and the impossible; but as for the possible, they do not indicate it: so the profession of the stars is invalid.» — y el remate del adversario, dicho en su boca: si los astros solo indican lo necesario y lo imposible, la profesión es inválida

«And these are called "mutually exclusive" propositions, because when one side is true, the other side is false, and they cannot both be true together in a single matter at a single time.'» — define las proposiciones mutuamente excluyentes: verdadera una, falsa la otra, y no las dos a la vez

«And that is like two men, one of whom says, "tomorrow there will be rain," while the other says "tomorrow there will not be rain": for there is no escaping it but that one of them is true (and it is the necessary), and the other false (and it is» — el ejemplo de los dos hombres y la lluvia de mañana. La frase sigue

«And they said that people are compelled to do things, for when they do something they do it because they are compelled to do that (and it is the necessary); while if they do not do it, they are prohibited from doing it, because it is impossible that they should» — y la consecuencia determinista que pone en boca del adversario: los hombres hacen lo que hacen por estar compelidos

«But [2] the Philosopher refuted their statement and confirmed the possible by many arguments; then after that73 he stated that the possible leads to either» — la respuesta que apoya en el Filósofo: sostiene lo posible con muchos argumentos

«But if a man does not know what he will want to do without question, this is not compelled but rather it is possible: so the possible exists.» — el argumento propio por la ignorancia del querer futuro: si no está compelido, es posible, y lo posible existe

«The second argument is that he says the necessary and the impossible are each in the whole species equally, while the possible is not in it equally.» — el segundo argumento: lo necesario y lo imposible se dan por igual en toda la especie, y lo posible no

«But as for actions, they are not like that because in the species of humans one may do the good, and another may do evil, and the action of one might be greater for the good or for the evil than the action of another.» — y su aplicación a las acciones: en la especie humana uno obra bien y otro mal, y las obras no son iguales

«And if his resolve to build was firm, he would deliberate and choose on which day he would begin it.» — el ejemplo de la deliberación como prueba de lo posible: quien decide construir delibera sobre el día

«And deliberation and advice would be futile when choosing one thing over another: because a man is not able to deliberate with true thought or take advice from another, on whether fire bums or doesn't burn (since burning is by compulsion).» — y su reverso: deliberar sería vano si todo fuese necesario, porque nadie delibera sobre si el fuego quema

«And the fourth argument is that there is a single potential in necessary things: that is, they come to be by compulsion.» — el cuarto argumento, por la potencia única de lo necesario

«Or, impossible things also have a single potential: namely, they do not come to be at all.» — y su paralelo en lo imposible, que tampoco admite dos potencias

«Thus it is made clear that the possible exists and it is of three types.» — cierra la demostración y abre la partición de lo posible en tres tipos

«The first of them is "natural," and it is easy: that is like hoping for rain with a uniform [covering] of stormy clouds in winter, for the possibility that there will be rain is greater than that there will not be.» — el primer tipo, lo posible natural y fácil, con el ejemplo de esperar lluvia con cielo cubierto en invierno

«Another is "by desire," and it is difficult: that is like the ambition of some of the underclass and miserable people to attain rulership and nobility.» — el segundo, lo posible por deseo y difícil, con el ejemplo de la ambición de mando de los humildes

«Once the Philosopher finished confirming the possible, he reported that the possible reverts to the necessary or impossible: and that is like the speaker who says "I will walk tomorrow'' or "I will not walk," because both walking and its contrary are possible for him.» — atribuye al Filósofo la doctrina de que lo posible revierte a lo necesario o a lo imposible

«But when he does walk, then his walking has become necessary: because before he walks, the walking is possible for himj but once he walks the possibility is eliminated from him and he comes to be in the realm of necessity.» — el ejemplo del andar: antes de andar es posible, y una vez que anda se ha vuelto necesario

«And every principle among them is susceptible to increase, decrease, and transformation from one of them to the other, because one hotness is less than another hotness, and one air wetter than another, and one water colder than another, and one earth dryer than another, and some of them transform into others.» — la premisa física del argumento: cada uno de los cuatro principios admite aumento, disminución y transformación

«So, if each principle by itself has the potential to take on change, and individuals are composed of these four principles, then individuals [so] composed therefore have the power to take on increase and decrease, and transformation from one of them to another, and their motions and susceptibility to alterations and compositions are by means of the motion of the signs and planets about them.» — y la inferencia: si los individuos se componen de esos principios, la indicación de signos y planetas los alcanza

«And the rational soul has the potential for thought and choice, and the body the potential to take on what possible.» — reparte las potencias: pensamiento y elección al alma racional, y al cuerpo la de recibir lo posible. El troceo imprime *what possible* sin la partícula

«The power by which he chooses one thing over another is the thought within him, for it belongs to a man apart from all [other] animals; the potential for taking on the thing and its contrary belongs to bodies; and our actions come to be by our prior thought about the thing which we want to do.» — adjudica al pensamiento la potencia de elegir, y la reserva al hombre frente a los demás animales

«But if they indicated that it would come to be at a future time, their indication for the being of that thing would be in potential until the time in which it exists—and when the thing does exist, its being would come to be from the necessary.» — distingue la potencia de la realización: lo indicado permanece en potencia hasta el tiempo señalado, y entonces viene de la necesidad

«And indeed fire too, even though it is burning, the burning in it is in potential prior to its activity: so when it does burn, the burning comes to be from necessity.» — la analogía del fuego, cuyo quemar está en potencia antes del acto

«So it is now clear to us that the planets do indicate the possible as well as choice, and that is in two things.» — el resultado que declara alcanzado: los planetas indican lo posible y también la elección

«And just as the planets indicate the possible and the choice which belong to a man, so likewise do they indicate that the man will not choose apart from what the planets indicate: because his choosing the thing or its contrary is by means of the rational soul which mixes with the animal soul in individuals, through the indications of the planets.» — y su extensión: indican igualmente que el hombre no elegirá al margen de esas indicaciones

«And as for the choice which comes to be by thinking about things, it belongs to the human apart from all [other] animals because he has the rational soul by which he meditates on something or its contrary, then chooses one of them so as to repel detestable things and troubles from himself through that choice, by the power of his knowledge.» — asigna al alma racional la elección por pensamiento, exclusiva del humano

«But as for the rest of the animals, their actions are by nature because they do not have a rational soul by which thinking comes to be.» — y niega a los demás animales alma racional, con lo que sus acciones son por naturaleza

«And as for the planets, even though they have rational souls, they do not need it due to their distance from troubles.» — sostiene que los planetas tienen alma racional y no la necesitan, por estar lejos de las perturbaciones

«As for the fourth category of those who reject the indications of the planets, they are people who have looked into the science of the whole (I mean, the science of the spheres and their conditions),88 and said that the planets have no indication over things which come to be and occur in this world, in terms of individual animals, plants, and minerals, but their indication is only over the changing of the seasons.» — la cuarta objeción: gente versada en la ciencia del todo que limita la indicación al cambio de estaciones

«And all of the philosophers claim that the planets have indications over things which come to be in this world» — responde adjudicando a todos los filósofos la tesis de la indicación planetaria sobre lo que llega a ser. La frase sigue

«For the second science is the fruit of the first science, because when the knowledgeable person understands the quality of the movements of the spheres and planets, and their quantity, then the fruit of that is to understand what the powers of those movements and conditions indicate for things which come to be in this world.» — declara la ciencia de los juicios fruto de la ciencia del todo

«And if he does not know what the planets indicate through their movements, then there is no fruit for the first species of the science of the stars.» — y su corolario: sin saber qué indican los movimientos, la primera ciencia queda sin fruto

«And likewise, these people also understand the conditions of the planets and their positions in the signs, but they do not know what thing the planet has an indication for in its sign and condition.» — el reproche a esa cuarta categoría: conocen posiciones y condiciones y no saben qué indican

«And the ancients who observed the stars did likewise, for no man among them observed the stars for 1,000 years, or 500, nor did the lifespan of [any] knowledgeable man among them reach these years.» — el problema que plantea a la observación: ningún observador vivió los mil o quinientos años que exigirían los ciclos

«And as a model of this work, Ptolemy the Sage perceived the true positions of the planets, because he looked at the measurements of the planets which had been measured by one a long time before him, such as Hipparchus and others among the sages relied on for their measurements, and he understood them.» — presenta a Ptolomeo como modelo de método: comparó sus propias medidas con las de los antiguos

«For it is [only] by much observation, many times, in different years, in season after season, that they understood the positions of the planets and their course in year after year, and their cycles, and the number of their spheres, and the utmost elevation of every sphere as well as its lowest point,94 and the rest of its positions and situations.» — y enuncia la regla: solo por observación repetida en años y estaciones distintas se fijan las posiciones

«And likewise the sages understood what had been doubtful to them concerning the natures of the planets and their indications: for they looked at their positions or conditions in one of the signs at one of the periods, and found that [the planets] had indications for determinate things.» — aplica el mismo procedimiento acumulativo al conocimiento de las naturalezas e indicaciones de los planetas

«Then the philosophers looked at those things which the planets had indicated, time after time, and they drew conclusions from them about their indications which had been hidden from them, and what they wanted from the indications of the planets turned out to be correct for them.» — y describe la comprobación por repetición: los filósofos miraron lo indicado vez tras vez y sacaron conclusiones

«So these people state that judgments are not valid, and they present two arguments for their claim;95» — abre la sexta objeción, la que impugna las tablas, con los dos argumentos del adversario

«One of them is that they say if a man wanted to erect the planets by one of the zijes, there would be a compensatory addition or subtraction in the calculation of the [zij] by which he erected the planets from their mean [positions] and equations, such as seconds and thirds, so that error would affect the length of the days in the position of the degree of the planet.» — el primero: dos tablas distintas dan grados distintos para el mismo planeta

«And if he does not rely on the true degree of the planet in its sign, then the judgment about it is not valid.» — y el segundo: sin grado verdadero no hay juicio válido

«But these people are wrong and have not come across any correct zijes, so they turn to imagining that their own error is what enters upon the master of the profession of the stars.» — la respuesta: niega la objeción y la imputa a no haber dado con tablas correctas

«But as for the degree of the planet, it has a partial indication, for the masters of the stars use it in special things; but if there was an error of [some] minutes or a degree, that would not harm the owner of the judgment.» — y su distinción de fondo: el grado tiene indicación parcial, y el juicio se apoya antes en la naturaleza del planeta

«But as for the correct determination of the degrees of the planets, and in which position of the signs they are in truth, that is up to the masters of calculation [alone],» — reparte los oficios: la determinación exacta de los grados es de los calculistas

«And what prevents us from stating the corruption which is in each of the zt/es, is preserving the affection of many of our brethren who use them and profit from them).» — declara por qué no publica la corrupción de cada tabla: por afecto a los hermanos que las usan. El troceo imprime *zt/es* por *zijes*

«What the masters of judgments, and all of those working with the calculation of the planets both fast and slow in course, ought to rely on, are the positions which are found by valid measurements in every period by the rings and instruments explained in the Almagest: because by those instruments are discovered their positions as found by the naked eye, with no doubt about their correctness.» — la salida que propone al problema de las tablas: apoyarse en lo que no deje duda de su corrección

«As for the seventh category, it is those who reject this science because they study it but are not able to attain what they want.» — la séptima objeción, que adjudica a quienes estudian la ciencia y no alcanzan lo que quieren

«But as for that number of doctors whose ignorance is great and whose minds are incapable of knowing what they need to do, in their profession they aim first at profit, and lastly at knowledge.» — la octava, contra los médicos ignorantes que buscan primero el lucro y en último lugar el saber

«So they reject the profession of the judgments of the stars, and say that the planets' movements have no power in this world, while the profession of medicine exists and is firm: so they consider the profession of judgments is worthless by [this] claim and affirm the profession of medicine.» — y la contradicción que les imputa: niegan potencia a los movimientos planetarios y afirman su propia profesión

«And if these people had read the books of medicine, they would have understood that knowledge of the judgments of the stars is beneficial for them in their own profession, and they do need it.» — objeta que no han leído sus propios libros de medicina

«And the Sage Hippocrates said in the Book of Airs (when he mentioned the different airs and natures),98 that what we have stated about the changing of the airs does belong to the science of the stars: for the science of the stars is no small part of the science of medicine.» — apoya la réplica en Hipócrates y su Libro de los aires. La llamada a nota 98 va dentro del tramo

«Doctors, therefore, are compelled to know the science of the stars so that they may truly understand the foundations of their own profession.» — y concluye que el médico está obligado a la ciencia de los astros para entender los fundamentos de su oficio

«And also, one practicing medicine ought to treat the sick person once the astrologer has seen from the indications of the stars that his lifespan has not run out, and that he will benefit from the treatment and will recover from his ailment.» — lleva la subordinación al extremo práctico: el médico trata una vez que el astrólogo ha visto vida y recuperación

«And if the astrologer does not see a lifespan for him nor recovery from his ailment, then there is no point to the medical practitioner's treatment of that sick person.» — y su reverso: sin ese pronóstico declara sin objeto el tratamiento

«Hippocrates and Galen mentioned those in their books, and all of the scholars of medicine stated that the science of the stars is the reason for the science of medicine.» — adjudica a Hipócrates, a Galeno y a todos los estudiosos de la medicina la tesis de que la ciencia de los astros es la razón de la medicina

«The most superior person among them is the one with the most assets, and the allotment of assets is more than the allotment of knowledge: so, they say that if a man was rich, having assets, it would not harm him to be ignorant of the science of the stars, medicine, and the rest of the sciences.» — la novena objeción, del vulgo que mide la superioridad por los bienes y no por el saber

«As for the tenth category, they are also the common people, but they reject the knowledge of this profession because they have seen an abundance of error from those making claims for it.» — la décima, del vulgo que rechaza por la abundancia de errores de quienes se dicen astrólogos

«And these people are not to be blamed in their rejection of the science of this profession, because the majority of those [astrologers] making claims for it are ignorant people and the disreputable people of nations who ascribe knowledge of the science to themselves, even though they are ignorant, and they portray themselves (in terms of their knowledge) as though they are unable to err in understanding and discernment, while they put themselves beyond associating with scholars and learning from them.» — y la concesión con que cierra la lista: no culpa a esos últimos, porque la mayoría de quienes reclaman el oficio no lo tienen

«And the knowledge of these sciences is possible [only] over much time, and hard labor, but these people are incapable of knowing any of it.» — el requisito que pone a la ciencia: mucho tiempo y trabajo duro

«But they are led into their errors from two directions; as for one of them, it is their scanty knowledge of this profession; as for the second, their purpose is [personal] benefit.» — adjudica el error de los falsos practicantes a dos causas: poco saber y ánimo de lucro

«So it is incumbent upon those laying claim to this profession that they apply themselves to what is necessary for training in it be/ore they study it, and then with their knowledge in those things they may progress to this noble, lofty profession which is delightful to the soul.» — y la obligación que impone a quien reclame el oficio: entrenarse antes de estudiar. El troceo imprime *be/ore* por *before*

«Some people have said, "Even if the science of the stars is true (as you claim), it is a science without benefit in it, because what the stars indicate are things which will be.» — la objeción de la inutilidad, en boca del adversario: aunque la ciencia sea verdadera, no serviría de nada

«And if it was something detestable, he will anticipate distress through his foreknowledge of it, and then distress will [actually] follow upon that knowledge, and meditating on the fear of it until the time of its arrival—and the person knowledgeable in the profession of the science of the stars is not able to repel the detestable things which are coming to be!» — y su segunda mitad: saber de antemano lo detestable adelantaría el sufrimiento

«As for the concept of the thing, they do employ it: because all people who have discernment employ foreknowledge in things which they are able to have knowledge of, and wariness of a detestable thing which they fear.» — la respuesta por la conducta: quien tiene discernimiento usa la previsión en lo que puede repeler

«As for some of the people, their foreknowledge of things is by experience: for they repel from themselves the unpleasantness which their knowledge predicts: and they are the common people.» — el primer grado de previsión, el del vulgo, por experiencia

«For others, their foreknowledge of things is due to the shifting of the seasons and the conditions of the natures, so that in the repelling of the unpleasantness they prepare in advance by means of what their knowledge foretells: and they are the doctors.» — el segundo, el de los médicos, por el cambio de estaciones y naturalezas

«And as for others, their foreknowledge is by means of the power of the planets' actions in this world, so that in the repelling of unpleasantness they act in advance based on what their knowledge foretells: and they are the astrologers.» — y el tercero, el de los astrólogos, por la potencia de la acción de los planetas

«And if a man knows beforehand that his enemy wants to take him by surprise, he will set a time before that in order to prepare himself to repel that enemy's evil when he does strike.» — el ejemplo del enemigo anunciado, para mostrar en qué consiste el provecho de la previsión

«But the skillful doctor will soothe the power of the bad humors through his foreknowledge, and will repel illnesses, pain, and insomnia through his prior knowledge of treating him,103 and reduces or draws out the bad surpluses from the body, so that the man will not be harmed by them.» — el paralelo médico de la previsión: el médico hábil calma los humores malos antes de que dañen

«And if the doctor did not have advance knowledge that that bad humor would be stirred up and aroused in the man if he left it alone in its [current] condition, it would cause [the patient] pain, and he [could] not act to draw it out or soothe it with an advance treatment for him.» — y el contrafáctico: sin previsión no habría tratamiento anticipado

«The second is [2] the detestable thing which, if a man has foreknowledge of it, he has the power to repel it from himself in its entire substance.» — el segundo de los cinco modos en que la previsión sirve: repeler el mal entero

«The third is [3] the detestable thing which, when he has foreknowledge of it, he is able to repel some of it from himself through his foreknowledge.» — el tercero: repeler una parte

«The fourth is [4] the detestable thing which he knows, through his foreknowledge, that it will afflict him, [but] then it will withdraw from him after a certain time.» — el cuarto: sufrirlo y verlo retirarse pasado un tiempo

«As for the fifth, it is [5] the detestable thing which, when he has foreknowledge of it, he is totally unable to repel it from himself.» — y el quinto, en que no puede repelerse en absoluto

«Thus the astrologer has repelled the unpleasantness of that ailment in its entire substance from that man by informing him about it.» — la forma del servicio: el astrólogo repele el mal informando de él

«it is like the man whom he knows through his starry foreknowledge that he will be sick for certain days but then recover; or like the enemy whom he knows will conquer him for some days but then he will be safe from him; or like the confinement which will afflict him for some days, but then he will be freed from it.» — el ejemplo del cuarto modo: enfermo por unos días y luego libre

«But if he had foreknowledge of that unpleasantness before its arrival, it would come upon him and his firmness would repel it,» — y el argumento de la firmeza del ánimo prevenido

«So even if the skilled astrologer is not able (through his foreknowledge) to repel all of that unpleasantness, he would use clever means in his foreknowledge to repel what he was able to of that unpleasantness.» — el resto que le concede al astrólogo cuando no puede repelerlo todo: usar medios ingeniosos

«But if he did not have advance knowledge of the occurrence of that thing, and then it happened, his anxiety would intensify upon the arrival of that unpleasantness, and the strategy of repelling it from himself would not be possible, so he might be crushed in it.» — la razón por la que sostiene útil incluso el quinto modo: sin aviso la angustia se agrava al llegar el mal

«If a man had avoided doing everything he anticipated distress from, it would be necessary for him not to travel» — la reducción al absurdo con que responde a quienes preferirían no saber: quien evitara todo lo que teme no viajaría. La frase sigue

«And he ought not to hope for anything, nor wish for it, because if he hopes for something and wishes for it, he will anticipate distress by thinking about and pursuing it until the time he is successful in it.» — sigue la reducción al absurdo: quien no quiera anticipar nada no debería siquiera esperar ni desear

«And he ought not to have sexual intercourse with women having grace and beauty, nor eat the best foods, nor drink the most pure and excellent drinks, because at the time he is finished with having sex, or interrupting the eating or drinking, distress will follow it due to his inability to make the pleasure of sex, eating, and drinking last.» — y su extremo: tampoco debería gozar de mujer, comida ni bebida, porque toda delicia se acaba

«And he ought not to acquire many assets, because distress follows an abundance of assets (from [having to] protect them), and it procures him enemies, and envious people, and fear of them.» — ni acumular bienes, cuyo cuidado trae desasosiego

«For advance knowledge in both the good and the delightful is very beneficial, because sometimes something pleasing will reach a man by surprise, and he will be confused and startled, and sometimes he will die at that hour from the intensity of the joy, since from the excess of delight or distress a man will sometimes die suddenly.» — el otro lado del argumento: la previsión también sirve para lo bueno, porque lo grato repentino puede matar

«But if something delightful happened to a man and he already had advance knowledge of it, he would not be confused nor startled due to it, and perishing would not be feared for him from the intensity of the joy; and he will think in advance about how he wants to manage it.» — y su corolario: quien lo sabía de antemano no se turba y puede disponer de ello

«Now as for all animals apart from humans, they rejoice and are distressed when they come into direct contact with pleasing and distressing things; but foreknowledge of delight and grief belong to the human alone among the animals.» — la diferencia que reserva al hombre: los demás animales gozan y sufren solo por contacto directo

«And with respect to happiness, let us advance an analogy from the category of the musician (that is, singing).» — anuncia la analogía musical con que explicará el gozo de la previsión

«And just as he craves to listen all the time to different songs (some of them being better than others), so likewise does he crave to listen all the time to different, pleasing reports about what he will face [in the future]; <and> his delight in them will be greater than his delight in what he has heard before that, except that his advance knowledge of pleasing reports which are in the future time (due to the indication of the stars) has a worthiness not in the musician (that is, in the singing).» — y la desarrolla: como se ansía oír canciones distintas, se ansían noticias distintas

«Also pertaining to people's benefiting from the science of the stars' foreknowledge of things, is that the querent will ask an astrologer who is skilled in the profession, to inform him about the condition of an absent or fleeing man, so that he will be calmed by that.» — el uso práctico de la consulta: el consultante pregunta y queda apaciguado

«Or, he will ask him about someone lost (who has already been lost for some time), and his family informs [him] of that, but they do not know whether he is living or dead; so he will inform them of what he sees about his condition, and they will act in accordance with that.» — el caso del desaparecido, que la familia no sabe si vive

«Or, he will ask about a traveler or runaway, not knowing in which direction he is headed, and he will report his direction to him so they may seek him there.» — y el del viajero o fugitivo, cuya dirección se pide al astrólogo

«But as for its superiority over the profession of medicine, the reason for that is that doctors seek information about things through the nature of the season and its changing from condition to conditions, and by fleeting, changing, and tangible things.» — la razón por la que la pone sobre la medicina: el médico se informa por cosas fugaces, cambiantes y tangibles

«As for the astrologers, they derive information about things coming to be"5 from the higher bodies, and by what occurs from the power of their movements in the season and the natures.» — y el astrólogo por los cuerpos superiores. La llamada a nota va dentro del tramo

«And also, the astrologer gains information from what will be for a long time, and what did exist in an older time.» — el alcance temporal que le atribuye: lo que será por largo tiempo y lo que fue en tiempo antiguo

«And this sphere surrounds several [other] spheres in which there are many stars, and those of them which the sages measured were 1,029:» — abre el libro II con la cuenta de las estrellas medidas por los sabios, 1 029

«Seven of them are the quickest in motion (and they are Saturn, Jupiter, Mars, the Sun, Venus, Mercury, and the Moon).» — y su reparto: siete de movimiento rápido, los planetas

«And 1,022 stars are slow in motion, and they are called "fixed stars."» — y mil veintidós lentas, las fijas

«These 1,022 stars were reckoned by the sages as being in a single sphere, and the motion of each star is the same as the motion of its associates: and it is a change of approximately 1° every 100 years.» — con la tasa de precesión que emplea: un grado cada cien años

«They assigned the greatest of them in glow to the first magnitude (and it is 15 stars).» — la primera magnitud, quince estrellas

«The ones below these in glow are in the second magnitude (and it is 45 stars).» — y la segunda, cuarenta y cinco

«Now if the musician (I mean, singing) pauses, he will interrupt that delight with his pausing and his ceasing to pluck the strings» — el límite que pone a la analogía musical: la música cesa cuando el cantor deja las cuerdas. La frase sigue

«So that is 48 images, and all of these images are established in the imagination and thought alone.» — cierra el catálogo de las cuarenta y ocho imágenes y declara que existen solo en la imaginación y el pensamiento

«And [some] people have rejected that, saying: If there are 48 images in the sphere, why did they refer the rest of the 36 images (as well as the rest of the stars which are in the sphere) to these 12, and make these 12 a place for other things, and make them be more fundamental in indication than other things?» — recoge la objeción: si hay cuarenta y ocho imágenes, por qué doce son más fundamentales

«But we say to them that they did indeed grant an indication over the conditions of the world to each image from among these 48: except that they assigned a universal indication to these 12, and assigned a special indication to these 36.» — y la respuesta: a las treinta y seis restantes se les concedió indicación propia, no ninguna

«Now as for the universal indication, it is the indication of a single sign over many things of varied kinds—like a man, horse, donkey, and other things.» — define la indicación universal como la de un signo sobre muchas cosas de clases distintas

«And as for the particular indication, it is like what a single image indicates for man alone, or the donkey alone, or the characteristic9 of a thing alone.» — y la particular como la de una imagen sobre una sola cosa

«And the second reason is that since [l] it is by means of the motion of the Sun (and his rising and setting) that there occurs among us things which the scholars are not ignorant of, such as actions, generation, and corruption (according to what has preceded in our account), and [2] he is the most evident of the planets in activity within this world, and [3] he turns around in these twelve images, and [4] these twelve are a place for him, they made these images (which are a place for the Sun) more fundamental for the universal indication than the rest of the images» — la segunda razón de la preeminencia de los doce: el movimiento del Sol y sus ortos y ocasos. La frase sigue

«And the third reason is that [ 1 ] since they found the Sun going along in these twelve images, and [2] by his traversing these twelve images the completion of the year comes to be, with its seasons (which are spring, summer, autumn, and winter), and [3] by his being in each one of these twelve images the beginning of every one of these four seasons is known (as well as its middle and end), and [4] by his shifting into every one of them it indicates the generation of [some] things, and the corruption of other things, they assigned to these twelve images a general indication over generation and corruption in this world.» — la tercera: el Sol recorre esas doce imágenes

«And the fifth reason is that since they found each one of these [fixed] stars which are slow in course (which are in any of the 36 images) manifesting more from the indication of the nature of that image which is of the 12 than what it manifests from the indication of the nature of that image which is of the 36, they made these 12 images be indicative of the universal conditions of the world, and assigned a particular indication to the rest of the 36 images, and they made [the 36] subordinate to the 12 in the indication.» — y la quinta: las demás estrellas lentas quedan subordinadas a los doce en la indicación

«And indeed, they divided this belt into 360° because in this number are most of the portions (like the half, third, quarter, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, and tenth).» — la razón que da a la división del cinturón en trescientos sesenta grados: ese número admite la mayor cantidad de partes

«Now as for the philosophical reason due to which the ancients said the signs were 12 (neither less nor more), they found that things which come to be and corrupt in this world, are from the four composite principles (and they are fire, earth, air, and water).» — abre la razón filosófica del número doce, que hará depender de los cuatro principios

«These four principles, [multiplied] by the amount of their three conditions, make twelve, and these twelve conditions come to be by means of the indication of the signs and their number.» — y la operación con que la cierra: cuatro principios por tres condiciones dan doce

«these principles are principles for generation and corruption, but do not take on change in themselves: they are receptive to alteration by means of the variation of the season14 which befalls them, and due to the blending of one of them with the other, and the dominance of one over the other.» — acota qué son esos principios: reciben y no cambian en sí mismos

«Then, they began in the indication for a second time, and made it be like the first: so to Leo came the indication over fire, to Virgo the indication over earth, to Libra the indication over air, and to Scorpio the indication over water, so that the indication of the four signs for the four principles was completed for the second time.» — la segunda vuelta del ciclo, que empieza en Leo

«Then, they begin a third time and made it be like the first: so to Sagittarius came the indication over fire, to Capricorn the indication over earth, to Aquarius the indication over air, and to Pisces the indication over water.» — y la tercera, de Sagitario a Piscis

«Thus, the four signs which are Aries, Taurus, Gemini, and Cancer, came to be those indicative over the conditions of the four principles which are the beginning.» — el reparto por fases: Aries, Tauro, Géminis y Cáncer indican los principios en su comienzo

«The four signs which are Leo, Virgo, Libra, and Scorpio came to be those indicative over the conditions of the four principles which are in the middle.» — Leo, Virgo, Libra y Escorpio, en su medio

«To Libra came the indication over the condition of hotness and wetness which subtracts from moderation, and over all thick, harmful, motley mixing17 of air, and over thick, harmful winds and vapors harmful to animals.» — y la asignación de Libra: calor y humedad que restan a la moderación, con vientos y vapores dañinos

«And to Sagittarius came the indication over the condition of fiery, corrupting hotness and dryness which is destructive to animals and vegetation.» — la de Sagitario: calor y sequedad corruptores

«We say that among the principles is what is single (and that is hotness, coldness, dryness, and wetness), and among them is what is composite (and it is fire, earth, air, and water): and even though these four principles are composite, each one of them is associated with a simple principle which is more dominant in it.» — distingue los principios simples de los compuestos

«And of these four single principles, two of them are active and antithetical to each other (and they are hotness and coldness), while two are passive and antithetical to each other (and they are dryness and wetness).» — y reparte los cuatro simples en activos y pasivos

«As for the two active ones, the motion of animals comes to be through one (and it is hotness), while the corruption of it comes to be through one (and it is coldness).» — asigna al calor el movimiento de los animales y al frío la corrupción

«One of them is that because hotness is dominant over fire, and neither motion nor the generation of animals20 take place except through the innate hotness which occurs in that thing, they made it be at one extreme.» — la primera razón para empezar por el fuego: el calor domina en él y sin calor no hay generación

«And they made water (in which the power of coldness is more dominant) be at the other extreme because, if hotness effects generation through the innate hotness which occurs in an animal, then since coldness is the antithesis of hotness, it effects the corruption of that generation.» — y por qué el agua queda en el otro extremo

«And the second reason due to which they began with hotness, is that hotness is a component of generation, and coldness a component of corruption; and indeed a thing is first generated, then after that it is corrupted.» — la segunda razón: el calor compone la generación y el frío la corrupción

«And they made the two principles receptive to being acted upon, be in the middle: and they are dryness and wetness.» — y la colocación de sequedad y humedad en el medio, por ser los principios pasivos

«And since the dry is dominant in earth, and wetness in air, earth was put below fire in the sequence, and air put under earth.» — el orden resultante: tierra bajo fuego y aire bajo tierra

«The second reason is that since hotness is the strongest of the two active ones, and the dry the strongest of the two passive ones, and hotness is dominant in fire and dryness in earth, they began with the strongest of the two active ones (and it is fire), and made it be the first extreme; then they put the strongest of those acted upon (and it is earth) under it, because the dry is below hotness in strength.» — la razón por fuerza relativa: el calor es el más fuerte de los activos y lo seco de los pasivos

«So for these reasons, in the sequence of the natures of the signs they began with fire, then earth, air, then water, and they said: Aries indicates fire, Taurus indicates earth, Gemini indicates air, and Cancer indicates water.» — y la secuencia que de todo ello deriva para los signos: fuego, tierra, aire, agua desde Aries

«26 And each one of these four seasons has a beginning, middle, and end.» — la partición de cada estación en comienzo, medio y fin

«27 The beginning of each period is the sign in which the season shifts from nature to nature when the Sun passes into itj its middle is the second sign which follows that sign; and its end is the third sign from it.» — y su correspondencia con los tres signos de cada estación

«4 So for this reason Aries is called convertible: because when the Sun passes into it, the season shifts from winter to the nature of spring.» — la razón del nombre *convertible* de Aries: el Sol al entrar en él muda la estación

«6 And Gemini is called double-bodied, because when the Sun passes into it, the nature of the end of the season of spring is blended with the nature of the beginning of the season of summer.» — la del nombre *double-bodied* de Géminis, que junta el fin de una naturaleza y el comienzo de otra

«7 And Cancer is called convertible, because when the Sun passes into it, the season shifts over from the nature of spring to the nature of summer.» — y la de Cáncer, de nuevo convertible

«1 Hermes said (from Agathodaimon): Since we know that [l] a universal division is prior in rank to one based on parts, and that [2] every beginning is advancing and increasing, while every termination is retreating and decreasing, and [3] we want to know the number of signs, their conditions, and their natures, and where they begin from, it is necessary for us to know the quarters and their conditions before anything [else], so that from it we might know the rest of what is needed.» — abre II.7 con la fórmula de atribución doble que el libro repite: Hermes dijo, de Agathodaimon

«2 And indeed when we looked into the conditions of the quarters of the sphere, we found the two equalities which are when the Sun is at the end of Virgo and the end of Pisces.» — y la observación que pone en esa boca: las dos igualdades del día y la noche al fin de Virgo y de Piscis

«3 And upon his alighting at the beginning of Aries, the day increases over the night and the Sun is lifted up, while upon his alighting at the beginning of Libra the day decreases as compared with the night, and the Sun is lowered.» — el crecimiento del día sobre la noche al entrar el Sol en Aries

«And because there is nothing hotter nor drier than fire, Aries, Leo, and Sagittarius were made fiery.» — la asignación de la triplicidad de fuego a Aries, Leo y Sagitario

«So since we know that Leo is the hottest of the signs, and the driest, and Sagittarius and Aries are in one triplicity with it, they are made to be harmonious with it in hotness and the dry.» — y el argumento que la apoya: Leo es el más caliente y seco de los signos

«One of them is: we say that if the distribution of the natures of the signs had begun from the nature of the first division of the year, and from the first nature of the quarters of the day, what you said would have been necessary.» — responde a la objeción sobre el reparto de las naturalezas por condicional contrafáctico

«from the nature of the middle of the summer season, and from the nature of the middle of the day corresponding to the nature of summer, and from the nature of the transiting of the signs in the Midheaven, because their transit in that position is equal over [all of] the climes.» — su criterio para fijar la naturaleza de una triplicidad: la mitad de la estación y la mitad del día

«And indeed the beginning was made from the day rather than the night, because the day is indicative of generation and motion.» — y por qué empieza por el día y no por la noche: el día indica generación y movimiento

«The second argument is that we say wetness is more dominant than hotness in the period of the first division of the year, and things are indeed associated with the nature which is more dominant in them.» — el segundo argumento: en la primera parte del año domina la humedad sobre el calor

«But if the nature of Aries had been associated with the nature of that period, one ought to have associated its nature to wetness, and not to hotness.» — y su consecuencia contra el adversario: entonces Aries habría de asociarse a la humedad

«Since these twelve signs rotate around us by one rotation every day and night, and a day is due to the Sun's arising from the horizon [in the east] up to his disappearance from the [western] horizon, and a night is from his disappearance from the horizon up to his arising from the horizon, and the nature of the day is heating while the nature of the night is cooling, and night follows day, they made the first of the Fi8ure 20: DiurnaI (whi,e)' signs (which is Aries) a nocturnal (black),» — abre la cuestión de los signos diurnos y nocturnos

«But they did not prove that with anything except to state it by way of a report in their books—and this is does not harmonize with what the ancients stated about the natural sequence belonging to the diurnal and nocturnal signs.» — y objeta a quienes la resolvieron sin prueba, solo por informe en sus libros. El troceo imprime *this is does not*

«So due to the abundance of their varied conditions, and the quickness of their motions, the changes which are stimulated by them in this world came to be greater than those which are stimulated by the rest of the stars [which are] slow in motion.» — la razón por la que los siete planetas indican más que las fijas: variedad de condiciones y rapidez del movimiento

«And because the Moon has the most alteration and variation in her conditions among the planets, she has come to be more indicative over general things [which are] quick in motion and shifting, and over the inception of works, than the other seven» — y el lugar de la Luna, la de mayor alteración entre los planetas. La frase sigue

«But as for the fixed stars, they have an indication over every particular thing [which is] slow in generation and corruption.» — reserva a las estrellas fijas lo lento en generarse y corromperse

«But as for the Sun, the majority of his action in the principle of fiery hotness is indicative of generation, while for Mars the majority of his action is in the principle of corrupting, fiery hotness.» — el reparto de principios por planeta empieza por el Sol, en el calor ígneo

«As for Mercury, the majority of his action in the principle of earthy coldness and dryness is indicative of generation, while the majority of Saturn's action is in the principle of corrupting, earthy coldness and dryness from which nothing sprouts or is brought into being.» — Mercurio, en el frío y la sequedad terrosos

«And the majority of Jupiter's action is in the creative, airy hotness and wetness which is strengthening to animals and plants, while the majority of the Head's action is in the airy hotness and wetness in which there is some corruption.» — y Júpiter, en el calor y la humedad aéreos que fortalecen a los animales

«Now as for the knowledge of those powers, that is called "the science of the judgments of the stars"; and as for the name of the man who is knowledgeable in their powers, he is called "the astrologer."» — III.2 nombra las dos cosas que va a definir: la ciencia de los juicios de las estrellas y el astrólogo

«The second is [2] that we do know what the conditions of the stars indicate, though we are unable to understand the quantity and quality of the indicated things, due to our weakness and the difficulty in it.» — el segundo de los tres modos en que los astros indican: sabemos qué indican y no alcanzamos a entenderlo

«And we are not able to have knowledge of the stellar indicators for single existing individuals which manifest from [those] actions and qualities, nor also the particularization of a quality among them: and that is like gestures, standing upright or bent, leaning or lying down, standing or sitting, and what is like these particular, subtle actions.» — el límite que se pone: no hay conocimiento de los indicadores de cada individuo singular

«But [some] people among the masters of the stars have alleged that Aries is heating and moistening, and they argue for that by saying that the last of the triplicities is cooling and moistening, following the nature of the last division of the year, and following the nature of the last quarter of the day; but likewise, Aries is the first of the signs, so its nature should be heating and moistening (in accordance with the nature of the first division of the year, and the nature of the first quarter of the day).» — consigna la posición contraria en boca de otros maestros de los astros: Aries calienta y humedece por simetría con la última triplicidad

«We say that all of the ancients did state that everything occurring in this world is by means of the power of the m» — adjudica a todos los antiguos la tesis de que cuanto ocurre en este mundo viene de la potencia de los movimientos celestes. El tramo se corta en el salto de plana

«And as for [2] the second, [it is] the stars' indications over a single species, or over the number of people in some city, the number of grains of sand in some specific place, the measures of water in a single river, the grains of wheat or barley in a plain,6 or the area of one of the deserts in length and width, or any qualities which they have.» — el segundo nivel de indicación: sobre una especie entera o sobre el número de gente de un lugar

«But the master of the profession of the science of the stars does not need knowledge of this and what is like it.» — y la exención que se concede: el maestro del oficio no necesita ese conocimiento

«As for [3] the third, which comprehends with knowledge the indications of the stars, and knows the quantity and quality of the indicated thing, it is their indications for the knowledge of existing genera and species, the conditions of the four principles (which are fire, air, water, and earth) and their alteration, and the inception of the generation and corruption of every thing, and its conditions and qualities, whose like is able to be known from the evident powers of the stars' motions—this is the goal of the master of this profession.'» — el tercer nivel, que declara meta del maestro del oficio

«I say that the planets have different conditions, movements, and powers; and every condition of theirs has an indication for something, except that some of their indications are evident, for [those] things whose existence and comprehension is possible, while some of them are subtle [and] distant, for [those] obscure things we are not able to understand.» — el principio del que arranca: cada condición de los planetas tiene indicación, y no todas se entienden

«But in this profession we do employ the indications of the stars which we are able to know and discover, and report about them and about the things indicated by them.» — y el corte práctico: la profesión emplea las indicaciones que sí pueden conocerse

«I say that the judgments of the stars have a [ 1 ] beginning, a [2] root,» — abre la partición de los juicios en seis: comienzo, raíz, rama, prueba, fruto y beneficio. La frase sigue

«Their [2] root is understanding the quality and quantity of the motions of the higher bodies.» — la raíz: entender la cualidad y la cantidad de los movimientos de los cuerpos superiores

«The [3] branch of this understanding is that one judge by them about matters which are coming to be in this changing world.» — la rama: juzgar por ellos de lo que llega a ser en este mundo cambiante

«The [4] proof of judgments is the correctness which exists through foreknowledge in the conditions of the planets, and applying them in the matter in which one wants knowledge about the things which come to be.» — la prueba: la corrección que existe por la previsión

«The [5] fruit is the correctness, benefit, and advantages because of it, for those having understanding of the merit of correctness.» — el fruto: la corrección, el provecho y las ventajas

«People among those who disagree with us, claim that the moderation of natures, and their stability and foundation, and the composition of animals, plants, and gems, are not due to the Sun and planets,14 but they are characterized by themselves without an [external] cause.» — recoge la posición contraria: la moderación de las naturalezas se sostendría sin causa externa

«Others say that compositions have a cause apart from the planets.» — y una segunda: las composiciones tendrían causa distinta de los planetas

«Now we say that the Sun (with the partnership of the planets with him) is the cause of the moderation of natures and the composition of natural individuals, through what the Maker [and] Creator assigned to him in terms of natural powers, in accordance with what we stated.» — asigna al Sol, con la sociedad de los planetas, la causa de la moderación de las naturalezas

«Thus the vapors there congeal and do not rise, and violent winds blow in that place in the winter and summer, so that no animals or planets are composed there.» — el argumento por los extremos: donde el Sol queda muy lejos los vapores se congelan y no se componen seres. El troceo imprime *planets* donde el sentido pide *plants*

«And the distance of that place in the north from the equator is 45°.» — da la latitud del lugar del que habla, cuarenta y cinco grados norte

«But as for the southern places, burned by the severity of the heat, neither animals nor plants are composed at the place whose latitude from the equator is 19°, and that is due to the harshness of the Sun's hotness in it:» — y el extremo contrario, las tierras quemadas del sur

«So for this reason the Creator assigned to the Sun the middle of the seven planets, so that through his natural motion the moderation of natures and the natured would come to be upon this earthly world.» — la razón teológica del lugar del Sol: el Creador lo puso en medio de los siete planetas

«And a manifestation of that is the Turks, for due to their distance from the circle of the Sun at his rising and falling [in the apogee], snows are abundant among them, and the coldness and wetness predominates over their land, so due to that the bodies of their people are flabby and thick, and their joints become sunken [in the fat], not seen due to the abundance of their flesh, and their faces are round, their eyes small and elongated, their hair lanky, and their color whitish-red.» — la etnografía climática que deriva de ahí: describe a los turcos por su distancia del círculo solar

«And concerning the morals of the people of this direction, there is roughness, the rupturing of family relations, little certainty, little science, and an abundance of forgetfulness.» — y extiende la explicación climática a los caracteres morales que atribuye a esa región

«So for this reason their color becomes black, their hair short and curly, their bodies dry and thin, and their natures hot; and their riding animals and trees are likewise.» — el reverso meridional del mismo esquema, donde hace depender del calor color, cabello y complexión

«And as for the people who are distant from the circle of the beginning of Cancer towards the north (and that is like Babylon and its direction among the countries), due to the fact that the Sun is not distant from their zenith nor close to them, and yet his transit over them is moderate, their air has a fine mixture, and their location moderate, not having harsh heat nor harsh cold in it, and their colors, bodies, and natures are balanced, their minds and moral qualities fine, and science is abundant among them, as well as cleverness and foreknowledge of things, and good qualities in their morals—and this is the land of scholars and prophets.» — y la región templada, que llama tierra de sabios y profetas

«And just as these locations which we stated differ, and a special property comes to belong to each place which does not belong to another, so likewise does each city and every location which we have not stated, and their people, have a special property and nature in the difference of the people's form, the animals, plants, and minerals among them, and the heat and cold of the waters and springs, religions and ways of life, dress, moral qualities, and the rest of the things which do not belong to other cities.» — generaliza a las ciudades: cada lugar recibe una propiedad especial que no tienen los demás

«But as for the day, the Sun warms the air by his hotness and breaks through it: so due to that the Maker [and] Creator, the Strong and Great, created the moving, luminous stars, that they would break through» — explica el día por el calor del Sol que rompe el aire. La frase sigue

«Due to that, Hippocrates the Sage said in the Boole of Sevens23 that the light of the planets breaks through the density24 of the night, for the night is very dense and perception does not penetrate it—but the glow of the planets breaks through that density so perception does penetrate "into" it.» — apoya en Hipócrates y su Libro de los sietes que la luz de los planetas atraviesa la densidad de la noche. El troceo imprime *Boole of Sevens* por *Book of Sevens*

«The planets, therefore, have a partnership with the Sun in the indication of generation and corruption.» — y la conclusión: los planetas participan con el Sol en la indicación de generación y corrupción

«the Philosopher said the most universal indication of the Sun is for fire and air, and the most universal indication of the Moon is for water and earth;» — adjudica al Filósofo el reparto: el Sol indica sobre todo fuego y aire, y la Luna agua y tierra

«One of them is that the Sun is the largest of the planets in size, and he occupies the middle distance from us, while the Moon is the closest of the planets to us.» — la razón que da: el Sol es el mayor y ocupa la distancia media, y la Luna la más cercana

«the luminous, glowing planets have no rays, so what appears from their action in this world is through the power of their motions and glow.» — distingue a los planetas sin rayos, que actúan por movimiento y brillo

«Hippocrates claimed in the Book of Sevens that the Moon is in the middle between the heavenly bodies and the earthly ones, she transmits from the superior bodies to the earthly bodies, and she alters the air.» — vuelve a Hipócrates para el lugar intermedio de la Luna entre lo celeste y lo terrestre

«So as for her indication for seas, it is how we see the flow and ebb being connected with the Moon, because the Moon is the cause of the flow and ebb which is in the seas.» — la marea como prueba visible de la acción lunar

«people who look into natural matters have stated that with respect to the seas, something increases from when the Moon departs from the Sun up to half of the month (which is the fullness), [and] then it decreases after the fullness at the decrease of the Moon, until the end of the month (which is the waning).» — consigna en boca de los naturalistas el crecimiento del mar con la Luna

«Now as for the times of the flow and ebb on every day and night, when the Moon [ 1 ] reaches one of the horizons of the sea (that is, one of the eastern rising-places of the sea) and rises above it, through her character and because of her closeness to us she moves the water of the sea and the water begins to advance with the Moon, increasing; and it does not cease to be like that until the Moon passes to the Midheaven of that place; and at that [time], the flow reaches its endpoint.» — y fija los tiempos del flujo y el reflujo por la posición de la Luna respecto a los horizontes

«Previous people gave much attention to the cause of the flow and ebb, but disagreed over it.» — consigna el desacuerdo de los predecesores sobre la causa del flujo y el reflujo, sin armonizarlo

«I say that the flow and ebb come to be with the joining together of three things: one of them is [ 1 ] the condition of the place of the water, the second [2] the condition of the water, and the third [3] the Moon's moving of the water.» — y da su propia explicación por concurso de tres cosas

«So when the water moves by means of the Moon's moving it, and it warms up and melts, it heaves35 and needs a place greater than [its] original place: and that heaving in the motion of the water increases, and the winds which are in the upper water of the sea move to its lower part.» — el mecanismo: el agua movida por la Luna se entibia, se hincha y necesita lugar

«For this reason there are violent, powerful winds in the sea at the inception of the flow, and when the Moon declines from the Midheaven, the water returns by means of its own character to its place, and there is an ebbing.» — y de ahí los vientos violentos al comenzar el flujo

«the places which are deep, wide, and long, and whose waters are thick, salty and bitter, are abundant in vapors and winds in those places.» — el papel del fondo marino: los lugares hondos y de aguas salobres abundan en vapores y vientos

«the places which are not deep, nor hard, nor are there mountains in them, do not have abundant vapors or winds.» — y su contrario: los someros y sin montañas no los tienen

«Now as for the inception of the flow, its condition is not one [and the same] for all of the inhabitants33 of the sea, the shores, islands, and estuaries, because people who are on the abyss of the sea find, at the time of the inception of the water's flow, a motion from the depths of the sea to its upper parts, and they see that it has a swell, and violent winds and waves are stirred up upon it, and so they know by that that it's the beginning of the flow.» — niega que el comienzo del flujo sea el mismo para todos los habitantes del mar

«And because the world is round and the sea encompasses its roundness, and the Moon ascends over all of it in the amount of a day and night, and in the amount of her travel in them,32 therefore to the extent that a degree of the sphere is moved, the position of the Moon will become horizonal for one of the places on the sea, and that position will also become the Midheaven for another position, the setting for another position, and the stake of the earth for another position, and whatever is between each one of these stakes in some other situation for other places.» — y da la razón: el mundo es redondo y el mar rodea su redondez

«Thus at a single time on the sea in some of the positions, there will be the inception of a flow, and in another position the inception of an ebb, and in other positions other conditions belonging to flowing and ebbing.» — de donde se sigue que a una misma hora hay flujo en un punto y reflujo en otro

«the line of the east is parallel to the line of the west, and every degree [by which] the Moon is distant from the east [when] rising to the Midheaven, is parallel to every degree from which the Moon is distanced from the west towards the stake of the earth.» — el esquema geométrico con que fija los tiempos: la línea del oriente es paralela a la del occidente

«So because of that, when the Moon reaches the degree of the west, the flow begins just as it had begun when she passed to the degree of the east,» — y su consecuencia: el flujo comienza en el occidente como comenzó en el oriente. La frase sigue

«the more that the Moon is raised up close to our Midheaven, so does the flow advance until she reaches the Midheaven;» — el flujo avanza conforme la Luna sube hacia el medio cielo

«And [some] people claimed that the flow and ebb come to be in sweet waters, like the waters of the city of Basra, the city of China, and many places among the estuaries of seas and islands, whose waters are sweet and there is a flow and ebb in them.» — recoge la afirmación ajena de que también las aguas dulces tienen flujo y reflujo

«And if these sweet waters did not connect with the water of the sea, a flow and ebb would not be found in them.» — y la explica por su conexión con el agua del mar

«As for the flow, its water is tepid, while as for the ebb its water is cold:» — distingue las dos aguas por su temperatura: tibia la del flujo, fría la del reflujo

«And what the Moon does by her nature in the water of the sea, is the flow; but as for the ebb, it is not from the action of the Moon.» — y acota la doctrina: solo el flujo es acción de la Luna, no el reflujo

«For indeed that action is the nature of the water, because when the Moon reaches one of the places indicative of a flow, the inception of the flow is there until the Moon reaches the limit of her indication for the flow in that place, and there the flow comes to an end.» — que adjudica a la naturaleza del agua misma

«the flow and ebb is not evident in many of the seas, nor in any of the wadis, rivers, and springs.» — y el límite empírico que reconoce: en muchos mares y en los ríos y manantiales no se ve

«For if her lingering above the earth was more than it is under it, the period of the flow and ebb when the Moon is above the earth will be longer than it is when she is under it.» — el cálculo del tiempo de la marea por la permanencia de la Luna sobre la tierra

«So if you wanted to know the number of hours for the flow and ebb, and the Moon is above the earth, then understand the degree with which the Moon ascends, and the degree which sets with her, and confirm that: because sometimes the Moon in [her] ascending and setting precedes or comes after the degree which she is in by longitude, by reason of her latitude.» — la regla operativa para contar las horas de flujo y reflujo

«Then, make every 15° of [ascensions] be an equal hour,38 and make what does not complete [a full] 15° be portions of an hour: what it comes to is the hours of the "natural" flow and ebb so long as the Moon is above the earth.» — y la conversión de grados en horas iguales, quince grados por hora

«But if the indicators of the flow were strong, it increases the hours of the flow beyond this half, by the amount of the power of the water's motion; and if the indicators of the flow were weak, it will reduce the hours of the flow from this half, by the amount of the weakness of the water's motion.» — la corrección por la fuerza de los indicadores, que alarga o acorta esa mitad

«And know that the places on the sea have different latitudes, due to the differing latitudes of the countries: so if you wanted knowledge of the hours of the flow and ebb in one of the places on the sea, then understand the latitude of that place and its ascensions, then know the ascent of the Moon by the ascensions of that place.» — advierte que las latitudes de los lugares del mar difieren y que hay que usar las ascensiones propias

«So when [la] the Moon joins with the Sun, the water of the flow is abundant, strong, for a long period of time, and the period of the ebb is less than that: because when the Moon joins with the Sun, her meeting with him increases the power of the Moon since the Sun also has an action in the strength of the flow,» — el primero de los modos de reforzar el flujo: la conjunción de la Luna con el Sol. La frase sigue

«And likewise, the more the Moon joins with one of the planets indicative of the strength of the flow, that increases her power, so the motion of that flow becomes stronger due to the power of the Moon, and the water of the flow increases—except that when the Moon assembles with the Sun, it is stronger and more evident in action in the flow at that time» — y la misma regla con los demás planetas indicadores. La frase sigue

«Therefore, as we described, the time of the meeting and the opposition is the time of abundant water and the predominance of the flow, and the length of its period—except that the flow which is at the opposition is stronger and more abundant in water, and has a longer period of time, than the flow which is at the meeting.» — sitúa el máximo del agua en la conjunción y la oposición

«And the limit of the flow's decrease is in the two squares, except that the water of the flow in the first square is stronger and has a longer period of time than the second square.» — y el mínimo en las dos cuadraturas, con diferencia entre la primera y la segunda

«The second way is that [2] one erect the Moon: for if what comes out from the equation of the Moon increases beyond her mean, then the flow on those days will be strong and increasing, and the flow will not cease to increase so long as the equation of the Moon is increased beyond her mean; but if the Moon's equation is less than her mean, the water of the flow will decrease.» — el segundo modo de medir el flujo: por la ecuación de la Luna, que lo aumenta o lo reduce respecto de su media

«And if there does not come out any increase beyond her mean or subtraction from it, the water of the rivers and wadis will neither increase nor decrease.» — y el caso nulo, en que el agua ni crece ni mengua

«For if the Moon was falling,52 the water of the flow will be abundant and strong, while if she was rising, the water of the flow will be little and weak.» — el efecto del apogeo: Luna cayendo da flujo fuerte y Luna subiendo, débil. La llamada a nota 52 va dentro del tramo

«for if she were in the northern signs (and they are from the beginning of Aries to the end of Virgo), then the flow in the northern seas will be strong and predominant, and that is because the Moon is at their zenith.» — el efecto del hemisferio: Luna en los signos boreales sobre los mares del norte

«And if the Moon were in the southern signs, the flow in the northern seas will be weak, and that is due to the distance of the Moon from their zenith.» — y su reverso en los signos australes

«And this is a general judgment, and it is that one look at the Moon: for if she culminated at a place on the sea in the north or south, the flow there will be strong and abundant, and especially if the Moon was increasing in her glow, already having passed the first square, and she is falling.» — la regla general con que resume el capítulo

«the Moon's being in the watery, wet signs, or with watery planets, or with falling54 planets (or her connection with them), will certainly increase in the power of the flow and in the water of rivers and springs.» — los indicadores que aumentan el agua: Luna en signos acuáticos o con planetas acuáticos

«And when the Sun passes into the three southern signs (and they are from the beginning of Libra to the end of Sagittarius), the flow in the night is stronger than the flow in the day.» — el efecto del Sol en los signos australes sobre el flujo diurno

«Now as for what we stated—that the flow in the day will be stronger than the flow in the night when the day is longer than the night, and that the flow in the night will be stronger than the flow in the day when the night is longer than the day—that is for two reasons.» — anuncia las dos razones del flujo diurno más fuerte cuando el día es más largo

«The first reason, which is due to the Sun's support of the Moon, is that when the day is longer than the night, the Sun's stay by day above the earth will be longer than his stay under the earth:» — la primera, el sostén que el Sol presta a la Luna

«So, if it was the time of the flow and the water was loosening into parts, it will be more susceptible to the action of the Moon, and the water of the flow will be more abundant, and its motion stronger.» — y el mecanismo que le supone: el agua aflojada recibe mejor la acción lunar

«The second reason, which is by reason of the length of the Moon's stay above the earth, is that when the night is longer than the day, the Moon therefore rises by night, and especially between the beginning of the night up to half of it: so she will be in the signs of long ascensions, and her lingering above the earth will be in the eastern quadrant.» — la segunda razón, la permanencia de la Luna sobre la tierra

«And the more that the Moon at the time of the flow is in signs of long ascensions, its remaining in them will be prolonged, and the water of the flow at that time will be more abundant, predominant, [and] of a longer period of time.» — y el papel de los signos de larga ascensión, que alargan el periodo

«Masters of the sea among the Egyptians (and those bordering on them) claim that on these days which they call the days of the decrease of water the flow is weak and small, while the ebb is stronger; and that on the days which they call the days of the increase of water the flow of the sea is strong and abundant, and that the ebb is weaker.» — consigna en boca de los marinos egipcios una afirmación sobre ciertos días

«Now, we asked several of the mariners who are in the region of the east, and those knowledgeable in the conditions of the sea, about these days, and they claim that they do not find that the water increases on all of these days which they call the days of the increase of water, nor do they find that the water decreases on all of the days which they call the days of the decrease of water—except they do state» — y declara haberla contrastado preguntando a marinos de oriente. La frase sigue

«But some of the mariners who are in the region of the east claim that the water of the flow of the sea weakens and becomes scarce for ten [days] which elapse of the month, and for ten [days] remaining of it, and on the ten remaining [ones] the water of the flow is weaker than the first ten; and that is due to the decrease in the Moon's light.» — recoge la posición divergente de esos marinos de oriente, sin armonizarla con la anterior

«So the winds which blow from the direction which the Moon rises from, are strengthening for the current of the water of the flowj but the winds which blow from the direction which the Moon sets in, are strengthening for the current of the water of the ebb.» — el papel de los vientos según soplen a favor o en contra de la corriente

«One of them is the special wind which comes to be in the belly of the water, and it is strengthening for the flow (and we have already mentioned this wind when we discussed the reason for the flow and ebb).» — distingue el viento propio del vientre del agua

«The second is the wind which is in the atmosphere, and it is the general wind which people of both sea and land partake of in all places.» — del viento general de la atmósfera

«So these are eight ways of there being a long period of the flow and ebb, and a short one.» — cierra la enumeración en ocho modos de flujo y reflujo largos y cortos

«And this is an overall judgment: and it is that I say the flow is the beginning and it is what the Moon does by her nature, while the ebb is after the flow and it is the returning of the water to the sea through its own character.» — y el juicio de conjunto: el flujo es el comienzo y es lo que hace la Luna por su carácter propio

«But if part of it is retained in some of the places, [only] some of the water's flow will return to the sea.» — el caso del agua retenida en canales y esteros

«And if some of them meet together, it will be below the previous [case]: for insofar as the indicators of the flow are few, the flow will be weaker.» — la regla de composición de indicadores contrarios

«And if the testimonies of a scarcity of the water's flow met together at one time, it indicates the extreme limit of the scarcity of the flow's water, and its weakness.» — y el caso en que todos los testimonios concurren en la escasez

«So it is consistent with this standpoint that the condition of the flow's strength and weakness, and its moderation, in a single year in which the Sun marks off twelve signs, should be similar to what we had stated about the condition of the flow in every month: because the strength of the flow which is by night while the Sun is in Sagittarius and the Moon above the earth, is similar to the strength of the flow which exists at the meeting of the Sun and Moon.» — y la coherencia que reclama entre este criterio y el de la conjunción del Sol y la Luna

«The first type, because of which the period of the flow is long, is that the indicators of the abundance of th» — el primer tipo de periodo largo del flujo. La frase se corta en el salto de plana

«People have denied that the Moon, her rising and setting, and her reaching the positions which we have stated, are the reason for the flow and ebb.» — recoge la negación adversaria de que la Luna cause el flujo y el reflujo

«They say that it is of the character of the sea [itself] that it should heave in its own right: for when the sea heaves, there is the flow, and when it does not heave, there is the ebb.» — y el argumento contrario: el mar se hincharía por su propio carácter

«And they also say that if the Moon were a cause of the flow and ebb, it would be necessary that the wadis, rivers, and springs flow and ebb.» — el segundo argumento del adversario: si la Luna fuera causa, también los ríos y manantiales tendrían mareas

«So, we know that the Moon is the cause of the flow and ebb, and the cause of the rest of their conditions.» — y la conclusión que opone: la variación del flujo sigue a la variación de la Luna

«And the second argument is that [2] things which heave66 in their own right need a place greater than the place in which they are: so if the water of the sea heaves in its own right without the causality of the Moon, then upon its heaving it would need a place greater than the place which it is in.» — el segundo argumento propio: lo que se hincha por sí mismo necesita más lugar del que ocupa

«But how could that water return to the sea at the time of the ebb when it does not have a place there?» — y la pregunta con que lo cierra

«We say that the special property which is in the part is not found in the whole, and the wadis, rivers, and springs are like the part, while the seas are like the whole.» — responde a la objeción de los ríos con la distinción de parte y todo

«Now as for the seas, they are of three kinds: one of them is [l] one in which there is no flow nor ebb; the second is [2] one in which a flow and ebb is not obvious; and the third is [3] one in which there is a flow and ebb.» — clasifica los mares en tres géneros según haya, no haya o no se vea flujo y reflujo

«The second type is [lb] the seas which are distant from the orbit of the Moon and her zenith by a long way, so there is no flow nor ebb in them.» — el segundo tipo de mar sin marea, el alejado de la órbita lunar

«The first type is [2a] the sea in which the Moon is parallel to one of its banks, but not parallel to another due to the distance of the interval between the two shores,70 and the other shore which the Moon is not parallel to borders on the land of places which are not inhabited: so a flow and ebb are not found in it.» — y el primero de los mares donde la marea no se ve

«And that is like the Sea of Ocean,71 for the flow and ebb is not evident in it due to its expanse and the distance of one of the shores from the orbit of the Moon, from civilization, and the observation» — con el Mar Océano como ejemplo, por su anchura y la distancia de los poblados. La frase sigue

«And we have already stated many times that the motion of earthly bodies comes to be through the heavenly bodies' moving them.» — vuelve al principio general: los cuerpos terrestres se mueven por los celestes

«And an analogy to that is made obvious to us by many natural existing things which move other bodies through their own nature, at a great distance from them, without touching—just as we see the magnet-stone moving iron and drawing it to itself my means of its own character, and as we see white naphtha draw fire to itself from a great distance, and like the olive stone which draws oil to itself, and the vinegar stone which draws vinegar to itself.» — y la analogía de los cuerpos que atraen a distancia por su carácter

«As for the Persian and Indian Seas, as a whole they are a single sea, due to the connection of one of them with the other, except that they are antithetical in their conditions: because the Persian Sea's waves are abundant and intense, and sailing it is difficult when the Indian Sea has a smooth appearance, is easy to sail, and has few waves.» — trata el Pérsico y el Índico como un solo mar por su conexión

«So as for the Persian Sea, it is named after the nature of black bile due to its beginning to be stirred up at the start of the season of autumn, and its difficulty, and the intensity of its strength at the end of this season, and its remaining in that condition until the end of the season of winter.» — nombra el Mar Pérsico por la bilis negra, según el tiempo en que se agita

«But as for the Indian Sea, it is named after the nature of yellow bile due to its beginning to be stirred up at the start of the season of spring, and the intensity of its strength at the end of this season, and its lasting in [that] condition until the end of the season of summer.» — y el Índico por la bilis amarilla

«And knowledgeable mariners have defined each one of these two seas by means of a known limit among them.» — consigna que los marinos entendidos fijan el límite entre ambos

«its limit from what borders on the west is the beginning of the depression of Aden, and its end the countries of the Zanj.» — y da ese límite occidental hasta las tierras de los zanj

«Because we find many things that, so long as the Moon is increasing in glow, and culminating at some place, there is much increase in them; and so long as the Moon is decreasing in her glow or falling from their zenith, they do not increase except by a little bit.» — abre el capítulo sobre la Luna con la observación del crecimiento según su luz

«And this is found in many species of animals, trees, herbs, and minerals.» — y extiende la observación a animales, árboles, hierbas y minerales

«And so long as the Moon is increasing in her glow, the temperaments which are in the bodies of men (such as blood, phlegm, and others) will be on the surfaces of the bodies and the veins, and the surface of the body increases in humidity, wetness, and a fine [appearance].» — el efecto sobre los temperamentos de los cuerpos humanos con la Luna creciente

«And when the Moon decreases in glow, these temperaments pass into the depths of the body and veins, and the surface of the body increases in dryness: and that is evident among those knowledgeable in medicine.» — y con la menguante, remitiendo el dato a los entendidos en medicina

«And the days in which the Moon is in these positions, are called the "known" days:81 and from the condition of the Moon on these days is known the condition of the sick person.» — los días llamados conocidos, que la medicina usa para juzgar al enfermo. La llamada a nota 81 va dentro del tramo

«And likewise things that scratch the earth:83 for their coming out from their burrows in the first half of the month is more frequent than their coming out from them in the last half.» — aplica la regla lunar a los animales que escarban

«And everything that stings and bites: in the first half of the month it is stronger in the activity of biting and stinging, and its seeking and eagerness [for prey], and stronger in its poison, than it is in the last half.» — y a los que pican y muerden

«As for the Moon's special property for fruits, fragrant herbs, seeds, legumes, and grasses, so long as the Moon is increasing in her glow until she is full, their growth and increase will be more than their growth and increase in the last half of the month.» — y a frutos, hierbas, semillas y legumbres

«And most of her action and appearance is in soft stones (and that is evident [and] known among the masters of minerals).» — sitúa el efecto lunar sobre los minerales en las piedras blandas, y lo remite a los que trabajan minerales

«And the Moon has many special properties in the alteration of the bodies of animals, plants, and minerals which are found among those who inspect them, which we have not mentioned; because in this book of ours our aim has not been to report every special property of the Moon in things, but we have aimed in this place to report that the Moon has a special property in the alteration of things which other planets do not.» — y le reserva propiedades que niega a los demás planetas

«And he began by saying that the Sun warms and dries in a maturing, unhurried way, and [the Sun] is more apparent in that and more evident in activity than the rest of the planets due to his might; and the more that he is elevated towards our zenith, we increase in warmth.» — abre IV.1 exponiendo la doctrina de Ptolomeo, a quien llama el autor: el Sol calienta y seca de modo pausado

«And he claimed that the nature of the Moon is wetness due to her sphere's nearness to the earth, and her receptiveness to the vapors which rise up from it.» — y sigue con la Luna, cuya humedad Ptolomeo hace venir de la cercanía a la tierra

«And he claimed that the nature of Saturn is the cold and the dry, due to the distance of his sphere from the hotness of the Sun, and its distance from the wetness of the earth's vapor.» — el frío y la sequedad de Saturno, que Ptolomeo atribuye a su lejanía

«And he claimed that the nature of Mars is hotness and the dry, due to his color resembling fire, and his nearness to the Sun, and because [the Sun] is under him, so that [the Sun's] heat rises up towards him and warms him.» — el calor y la sequedad de Marte, por su color de fuego

«And he claimed that Jupiter is temperate in mixture, because his sphere is between the spheres of Saturn and Mars, and indeed for this reason his nature comes to be temperate hotness and wetness.» — y la templanza de Júpiter, por estar su esfera entre las de Saturno y Marte

«But as for his statement that the nature of the Moon is wetness due to the nearness of her circle to the earth, and her reception of the moistures which rise up from it, that it rejected among the wise because the distance which is between the surface of the earth and the closest position which the Moon is in, is approximately 128,094 miles, taking a mile» — empieza la objeción contra Ptolomeo con una cifra de distancia. La frase sigue

«So if the highest that the vapors which rise from the earth into the atmosphere could go is 2 miles, a tenth, and a thirtieth of a mile, and closest that the distance of the Moon from the surface of the earth could be is approximately 128,094 miles, then where does the vapor of the earth reach the Moon from, so as to change her nature?» — y la pregunta con que la remata: si el vapor no sube más de dos millas, cómo alteraría la naturaleza de la Luna

«As for Mars, [the author] stated that his nature is heating, drying, burning, because his color resembles the color of fire and because the hotness of the Sun affects him (since he is above the Sun).» — resume la posición de Ptolomeo sobre Marte y ya la contrapone

«But this statement is false for those who look into the natural sciences, because they claim that the hotness which we find from the Sun is an effect of his operating on us:» — niega esa posición en nombre de quienes miran las ciencias naturales. La frase sigue

«For the Sun and all of the planets, there is nothing which by its nature is related to hotness, coldness, wetness, or dryness, because they do not consist of any of these.» — y da su razón de fondo: en el Sol y los planetas nada se relaciona por naturaleza con calor, frío, humedad o sequedad

«And also due to this, they do not take on any of [these natures]: because a body does not take on anything of these natures except what it consists of, but all of the planets are contrary to this since they are simple bodies.» — y la remata: por cuerpos simples no reciben ninguna de esas naturalezas

«So if Mars came to be heating [and] drying due to his nearness to the Sun, then hotness and the dry already ought to have overcome the nature of Venus, and there would be no wetness in her nature at all:» — la reducción al absurdo contra Ptolomeo por la cercanía de Marte al Sol

«The coldness of Saturn, therefore, is not due to his distance from the Sun, nor is he dry due to his distance from the vapor of the earth,» — niega que el frío de Saturno venga de su lejanía del Sol. La frase sigue

«But in what preceded we have already shown it false that Mars is hot in his own right, or Saturn cold in his own right, and that any of the planets would take on one of these four natures.» — recuerda lo que da por refutado: ni Marte es caliente ni Saturno frío por sí mismos

«And we have shown it false many times that the Sun heats the bodies of the planets or dries them out.» — y niega asimismo que el Sol caliente o seque los cuerpos de los planetas

«Now as for what they state about the natures of the four principles and the composite humors, they are correct in that.» — concede a los adversarios lo que tiene por acertado: lo que dicen de las naturalezas de los cuatro principios y los humores

«But as for their comparison by analogy, the analogy is false because they have erred in their analogy and strayed from the path of truth.» — y localiza el error en la analogía, no en la doctrina de los principios

«the generality of the ancients did agree that [l] the four principles have a nature and special property, although they do not have colors nor tastes;» — adjudica a la generalidad de los antiguos el acuerdo sobre naturaleza y propiedad especial de los cuatro principios

«As for water, it does not actually have a color, but we see its color based on the thing in which the water is;» — y su ejemplo del agua, sin color propio

«So as for yellow bile, its color is the color of fire, its taste bitterness, its nature hotness and dryness, its special property is hotness, and its activity is burning; and this matches the nature of fire and its special property.» — el cuadro de los humores empieza por la bilis amarilla, con su color, sabor y naturaleza

«As for blood, its color is redness, its taste is sweet, its nature hotness and wetness, its special property wetness, and its activity is that it causes things to sprout and brings them forth; and this matches the nature of air and its special property.» — la sangre, roja y dulce, caliente y húmeda

«As for phlegm, its color is the white, its taste the salty, its nature coldness and wetness, its special property coldness, and its activity is that it nourishes things; and this matches the nature of water and its special property.» — la flema, blanca y salada, fría y húmeda

«As for black bile, its color is dust-colored and dullness, its taste is the sour, its nature is coldness and dryness, its special property is dryness, and its activity is binding9 things; and this matches the nature of earth and its special property.» — y la bilis negra, terrosa y agria, fría y seca

«But then they made a comparison about these things with a false analogy, in which they went astray.» — localiza en la analogía por color el punto en que los adversarios se extraviaron

«And that is because they said all of the planets are receptive of colors: so when we want to know their natures, we understand that from their colors, since they are simple bodies not having tastes (because tastes belong to every body composed of the principles).» — reconstruye el argumento ajeno: los planetas serían receptivos de colores

«So when we see the color of one of the planets matching the color of one of the four humors, we know that the nature of that planet corresponds to the nature of that humor, and to the nature of the principle corresponding to it by nature and special property.» — y su regla: color de planeta que coincide con el de un humor da su naturaleza

«They said: since the color of black bile is dust-colored and dullness, and its nature is the nature of earth (cooling, drying), and the color of Saturn is dust-colored and dullness, we know that he corresponds to them both10 in the nature of the cold and the dry, and their special property and activity.» — la aplicación que hacen a la bilis negra y a Saturno

«As for Venus, they said that since we see color as being between whiteness and yellowness, and this color stands in contrast to the colors of these composite natures, we mix her color and attribute her nature to what resembles her color at the mixing.» — y a Venus, con su color entre blanco y amarillo

«since the nature of Saturn (according to what they claimed) was cooling [and] drying, and the nature of Mars heating [and] drying, they made them into infortunes.» — el paso de esa doctrina a la clasificación en fortunas e infortunios, dicho con *according to what they claimed*

«since the nature of Venus and Jupiter were hotness and wetness, while the nature of the Moon is coldness and wetness, the called them fortunes.» — y la mitad benéfica de la misma clasificación. El troceo imprime *the called* por *they called*

«The color of Saturn is different from the color of black bile as well as the color of earth, because Saturn is leadcolored, and this is different from the two colors which you compared the color of Saturn to.» — la objeción por el color, dirigida en segunda persona: el de Saturno no es el de la bilis negra. Lectura restituida: el impreso parte *lead-colored* en el salto de renglón y la herramienta lo devuelve unido

«As for Venus in particular, blueness is apparent in her color, so you should not relate her color to whiteness.» — la misma objeción con Venus, en cuyo color señala azul

«As for the Moon, her color should not be related to whiteness unless one lacks visual perception!» — y con la Luna, con la única exclamación del pasaje

«But we see some of them contrasting with others through nature and special property: and that is that we see the color of both snow and lime as whiteness, but the nature of snow is cooling, while the nature of lime is heating;» — el contraejemplo decisivo: nieve y cal comparten color y no naturaleza

«So in this way it is shown to be false that the nature of any existing things which are under the sphere of the Moon (or their special properties), or the natures of the planets and their special properties, should be perceived by means of their colors.» — y la conclusión: niega que la naturaleza de lo que está bajo la esfera de la Luna se conozca por el color

«Why do you claim that Saturn and Mars are infortunes, and that (as you claim) by their nature they correspond to the nature of two of the four principles (and they are fire and earth), and to the nature of two of the four humors (and they are yellow bile and black bile), when generation, life, and growth comes to be through these two principles and humors, and everything around you which is of the nature of generation and life, is a fortune?» — la pregunta con que impugna la adjudicación de infortunio a Saturno y Marte

«So, we reject what they state as being the explanation for the misfortune of Satum and Mars.» — y el rechazo expreso de la explicación ajena. El troceo imprime *Satum* por *Saturn*

«And we will state the reason for the fortunes and infortunes, and their natures, if God wills.» — anuncia su propia explicación de fortunas e infortunios

«The ancient sages used to judge good fortune and misfortune for all natural existents15 which are below the sphere of the Moon, and they named them by that.» — y arranca de lo que los sabios antiguos hacían al juzgar fortuna y desgracia

«Now as for [l] the natures of the planets, the philosophers stated that they are spherical, simple bodies, with a natural motion circling around them.» — adjudica a los filósofos la doctrina de que los planetas son cuerpos esféricos y simples

«Therefore, the good fortune and misfortune which exist among us are due to the [2] special property of the planet's motions, not due to [l] their nature: because by their nature none of them is a fortune nor an infortune.» — y de ahí su tesis propia: fortuna e infortunio vienen de la propiedad especial, no de la naturaleza del planeta

«Due to that, the sages said that what is natured is not what natures,30 and we» — apoya la distinción en el dicho de los sabios: lo naturado no es lo que naturaliza. La frase sigue

«As for [4] the contrast between the qualities of some terrestrial individuals and others, that comes to be by one of three things.» — abre las tres causas del contraste entre las cualidades de los individuos terrestres

«The second is by [4b] the contrast between the motion of the planet and its condition at every time, and the motion of another planet and its condition.» — la segunda, el contraste entre el movimiento de un planeta y el de otro

«So it is clear and apparent to us that among the planets of the sphere there are fortunes as well as infortunes, and that the good fortune and bad fortune from them is what comes to be in [3a] the particularization of the different species among a single genus, and from those is what comes to be in [3b] the composition of each of the individuals of a single species.» — y la conclusión del capítulo: hay fortunas e infortunios entre los planetas

«2 So I say that the composition of individuals comes to be through the moderation of natures, and the moderation of natures comes to be through the moderation of the time,39 and the moderation of the time comes to be by the thing acted upon ([and] in which the moderation exists) by the strength of the motions of any of the planets.» — el criterio con que rehace la distinción: la composición de los individuos se da por moderación de las naturalezas

«3 For in terms of what comes from the planets, whatever it is by which we seek information about the moderation of the time, coming-into-being, and life in this world, is a fortune; and whatever it is from them by which we seek information about the excess of the time (by the hot or the cold), and corruption, destruction, and what is like that, is an infortune.» — y su aplicación: es infortunio lo que corrompe la moderación

«4 And in this way the ancients understood which of the planets is a fortune, which of them an infortune, and which of them blended, and which of them is heating, cooling, moistening, and drying, and which of them male and female, and which nocturnal and diurnal, and the rest of what is ascribed to them.» — adjudica a los antiguos ese mismo camino para conocer fortunas e infortunios

«7 In terms of [la] the way that the planet [acts] by itself, it is like Saturn when he governs the indication of the year42 without Mars or any other planet looking at him: for the cold of winter becomes excessive among the Turks and in the generality of the cold, northern cities, ruining what is in them of animals and vegetation (and [that is] more confirmed in the cold and the dry for the people of this region when he is rising up from the middle of the circle of his apogee).43» — el modo en que un planeta actúa por sí solo, con Saturno como ejemplo

«9 Now as for Mars, when he governs the year without Saturn or any other planet looking at him, in the season of winter it diminishes the cold in the cold, northern countries, and warms their air with an increase of the hot, and moderates the mixture of animals and plants in it (and of course it does some of that if Mars alone was in the northern signs in the season of winter).» — y el caso de Marte gobernando el año sin que nadie lo mire

«And even though Mars is excessive in hotness and dryness, his harm is below the harm of Saturn because the support for living things is by means of hotness and wetness.» — gradúa el daño: el de Marte queda por debajo del de Saturno

«As for the Sun, his special property is the action of the seasons, [elemental] compositions, and the indication of life generally, which is the genus:49 so they made him a fortune for these three reasons.» — las tres razones por las que hace fortuna al Sol

«As for the Moon, since she circles around all of the signs in a single [lunar] month, and sets into motion the four seasons of the year, and moderates the natures and strengthens them, and does in them what the Sun does in a single year, they made her a fortune.» — y la razón por la que hace fortuna a la Luna, su recorrido mensual por todos los signos

«As for Jupiter, the special property of his activity in the seasons is tempering, and gales of northern winds which are moderating for the natures, while as for Venus the special property her activity in the seasons is tempering and moistening.» — la propiedad especial de Júpiter, templar y humedecer

«And they said: Mercury is a fortune with the fortunes and an infortune with the infortunes, male with the male ones and female with the female ones, and diurnal with the diurnal ones and nocturnal with the nocturnal ones; and in every sign and with every planet he is like the nature of that sign and planet, and carries out its activity.» — consigna en boca ajena la regla de Mercurio, fortuna con las fortunas e infortunio con los infortunios

«So if Mercury was alone in the signs, and none of the planets looks at him, then his special property will appear and he will become a fortune—except that he will already have taken on the nature of the sign he is in (in terms of hotness, coldness, dryness, and wetness).» — y lo que ocurre cuando nadie lo mira

«But as for Venus, she is above Mercury, and her distance from the Sun is greater than his, and she has less burning and retrogradation than he does: so Venus comes after Jupiter in good fortune, and before Mercury.» — sitúa a Venus por delante de Mercurio en fortuna

«because even though Saturn and Mars are both infortunes due to their activity of excessive heat and excessive cold in some places, in other places temperateness is produced from their activity, so that they come to be in the character of fortunes for people whose air is temperate.» — acota la doctrina de los infortunios: Saturno y Marte no dañan siempre

«And the fortunes, even though they effect temperateness in the seasons of the year (so that they become fortunes because of that), sometimes they come to have different conditions so that they come to be in the character of infortunes through those conditions of theirs: for at one time a planet will move and shift from position to position by means of its motion, and it will culminate over55 one of the places, and rise up in one of its spheres, and decline in another, and its conditions will vary greatly [and] naturally, in the manner we stated and will state.» — y su recíproca sobre las fortunas, que no siempre benefician

«But it is not like that, because the Sun is a fortune and Mars an infortune; and a fortune is indeed turned to bad fortune, and an infortune is indeed turned to good fortune.» — objeta la lectura simétrica: el Sol es fortuna y Marte infortunio, y no se convierten sin más

«An analogy of that is that fire by its nature is heating [and] drying, but its special property is burning: so when it begins to manifest its special property, along with its manifesting that special property it produces many actions different from the burning.» — la analogía del fuego, cuya naturaleza es calentar y secar y cuya propiedad especial es quemar

«If it had effected the burning through its nature, everything heating [and] drying would burn—but many activities [like that] do not have [burning], and we find the contrary of that: because at [any] one time fire moistens, melts, warms, dissolves, gathers together, binds, and separates, although moistening, gathering, and binding are different from59 burning.» — y el argumento que la sostiene: si quemara por naturaleza, todo lo caliente y seco quemaría

«Now fortunateness and unfortunateness are like that, for they are [directly] due to the special property of a planet's activity, not from its nature.» — aplica la distinción a fortuna e infortunio, que hace venir de la propiedad especial

«So because of that, a single planet will come to do different things by its special property at a single time, with respect to being fortunate and being unfortunate, and sometimes it will do that in time after time.» — de donde un mismo planeta obra distinto en tiempos distintos

«So those activities, and the good and bad fortune which belongs to the planets in these things, never changes.» — distingue la propiedad especial fija, que no cambia nunca

«And the other special property is [4b] the varying fixed one [which is] used in the art of the judgment of the stars.» — de la variable, que es la que emplea el arte del juicio de los astros

«For a planetary fortune does indicate misfortune in this area in some of the times, and a planetary infortune indicates good fortune in it in some of the times, in accordance with the varying conditions of the planets in the signs in which they are; such as eastemization or westernization, and masculinization and feminization, and the rest of the various conditions which they have.» — y su consecuencia práctica: una fortuna puede indicar desgracia según su condición

«Saturn's special property is unfortunateness, except that if by day he was above the earth, easternizing, of a suitable condition in himself and in his place within his sign, then he would be turned to the character of the fortunes, and indicate good fortune.» — el ejemplo de Saturno, cuyo infortunio se atempera de día, sobre la tierra y orientalizado

«So if the planets exist through their natures, their special property in indicating both good fortune and misfortune always exists along with them.» — el principio con que cierra: existiendo el planeta existe su propiedad especial

«As for [5] the planets' actions in matters of good fortune and bad fortunes, it is of five types.» — y abre los cinco tipos de acción de los planetas en fortuna e infortunio

«So if a planetary infortune was in a condition in which [J-a] its mixture was moderated, or [2-b] its place was similar to it, it is turned to good fortune; but if it was in the contrary of what we stated, it will manifest its unfortunate nature.» — y la regla que de ahí saca: el infortunio moderado no manifiesta su naturaleza dañina

«And that is just like how we see that if Saturn (with his power in what is unfortunate) was the lord of the triplicity of the Ascendant in nativities, and he was [c] in a stake, in a [fl] suitable condition and [b] place, it would indicate the native's upbringing and survival; while if he was in a bad condition and place, it would indicate that the native will not be brought up.» — el ejemplo con Saturno como indicador de la crianza

«And likewise if Jupiter was the indicator of upbringing, and he is in a [a] suitable condition, in [f'-c] an excellent place, then it indicates upbringing and survival; while if he was in a bad condition and place, it would indicate ruin and corruption.» — y el caso simétrico de Júpiter en mala condición, que indicaría ruina

«And I say that [a] the nature of the day is moderate hotness, and the nature of the night is coldness and wetness;79 and the nature of an easternizing planet is moderate hotness and wetness, and the nature of a westernizing planet is excessive coldness—except for the Moon alone, because her nature in easternization and westernization is to the contrary, just as we stated.» — la premisa del día y la noche: calor moderado el día, frío la noche

«As for Jupiter, because his nature is moderate hotness indicating generation, he is a fortune; and likewise the day, for it is hotter and more moderate and more fortunate than the night, because the day belongs to motion and life, while the night belongs to stillness and tranquility.» — y la razón por la que hace fortuna a Júpiter, su calor moderado

«And because the Sun is a diurnal planet, he indicates good fortune [a] by day, or in the male signs, or in [/?] the signs in which he has testimony, or in the places which [c] he looks at moderately; but if he was in [a-b] the contrary of these conditions and signs which we stated, or he was [c] in the bad places, he indicates corruption and bad fortune.» — la regla de secta aplicada al Sol: indica fortuna de día y en signos masculinos

«As for the Sun, by his effect upon the seasons, and because compositions do not come to be except in places over which his transit is moderate,89 and he has an indication for life generally, they made him be a fortune for these three reasons—except that at some times he does have the effect of the infortunes through an excess of heat or cold.» — y la razón por la que lo cuenta entre las fortunas, por su efecto sobre las estaciones

«For, when he culminates over some places he scorches them and corrupts their animals and plants, just as is discovered from his effect in many places of the southern region if he culminated over them; and indeed many places are corrupted by cold when he turns away from them and does not grant them the power of his heat, so that their animals and plants are ruined there due to the harshness of the cold (and that is found in many places in the region of the north).» — con el límite en la misma página: culminando sobre ciertos lugares los abrasa y corrompe

«So the Moon, by the abundance of her wetness, will sometimes perform the function of the infortunes from the square and opposition (in terms of corruption and destruction).» — el caso de la Luna, cuya humedad abundante la hace obrar a veces como infortunio

«So as for Saturn, he is cooling in character, viscous,93 slow in motion, and the cold principle is active: so if he indicated something of the good or bad by one of this conditions in the root of the nativity (or at the time of inceptions), and he was strong, that thing would be lasting, fixed.» — la fijeza que atribuye a lo indicado por Saturno, por su lentitud y su principio activo frío

«As for Jupiter, his nature is moderate hotness, and he is slow in motion, while hotness is an active principle; so if he indicated something in one of the inceptions and he is strong, then it will be lasting, fixed.» — y la misma fijeza en Júpiter, por lento y de principio activo

«As for Mars, he is quick in motion, heating, drying, and hotness is an active principle (while the dry is a passive principle): so if he indicated something in one of the times and he was strong, [and] then after that one of the fortunes or infortunes mixed with him, he would take on some change from that planet—and he is quicker and greater in being receptive to changes than the two planets which are above him.» — y la mudanza de lo indicado por Marte, por su rapidez

«As for Venus, she is moderate, wet, and wetness is a passive principle: so she is quick to take on changes from the fortunes and infortunes, and she generally takes on the mixtures of the planets which mix with her.» — Venus, húmeda y de principio pasivo, pronta a recibir el cambio

«As for Mercury, his nature is dryness, and dryness is a passive principle: so he is receptive to all changes, [and] his nature shifts to what associates with him.» — Mercurio, seco y también pasivo, receptivo de lo que se le junta

«And if she mixed with one of the planets, she would take on the nature of the planet.» — y la Luna, que toma la naturaleza del planeta con que se mezcla

«As for the Head of the Moon's Dragon, it has an indication for leadership and a little good fortune, because from it the Moon begins her ascent in her circle of inclination:97 and ascent and elevation is a good fortune.» — la Cabeza del Dragón, con indicación de mando y algo de fortuna

«And as for the Tail, its nature is misfortune because from it the Moon begins her descent in her circle of inclination, and declining98 is a misfortune.» — y la Cola, que hace infortunio por iniciarse allí el descenso de la Luna

«In some of the times the Head performs the function of the infortunes, and the Tail performs the function of the fortunes, for some of the reasons which we will state.» — y la reversibilidad de ambos, sin armonizar con lo anterior

«Now if Saturn was rising from the middle of the circle of his apogee/01 his nature is fixed in the cold and dry, and it will be likewise if he was in a cold, dry sign or quadrant, or in the A.pogee rest of the cold, dry positions.» — la primera regla de alteración de cualidades: Saturno subiendo desde el medio del círculo de su apogeo

«And if he was in the hot, dry signs, the indication of his cold would be weak, while his dryness would be strong.» — y el efecto de los signos calientes y secos sobre su frío

«And if Saturn was falling from the middle of the circle of his apogee, he would be cooling and wet.» — el caso contrario, Saturno cayendo, que lo vuelve frío y húmedo

«So if Mars were rising in the circle of his apogee, his nature would be fixed in hotness and dryness; and it will be likewise if he was in a hot, dry sign or quadrant.» — la misma regla aplicada a Marte subiendo en su apogeo

«But if he was in the cold, dry signs it takes away from his hotness, and his dry nature would be strong.» — y el efecto de los signos fríos y secos sobre su calor

«And if these conditions of wetness came together for Mars while he was rising, he would shift to wetness so that he would become heating and wet.» — el desplazamiento de Marte a caliente y húmedo cuando se acumulan condiciones de humedad

«As for Jupiter, he is moderately heating and wet, just like we stated about his activity at [some] season.» — el punto de partida para Júpiter, calor y humedad moderados

«As for the Sun, he is heating and drying: so if he was rising from the middle of the circle of his apogee, his nature would be fixed in hotness and the dry; while if he was falling, his nature would be heating and wet.» — y para el Sol, calor y sequedad, alterables por la posición en el apogeo

«Now as for the [l] moderation of a planet, that exists through [a] its condition in itself» — define la moderación de un planeta por su condición en sí mismo. La frase sigue

«As for Mars, he is an infortune by his nature due to his indication for excessive heating, except that moderation is prepared by [a] his activity in cold places: and that is because when Mars governs the cold places by indication,,i', their air warms up and the mixture» — la razón por la que hace infortunio a Marte, con la moderación que le concede al gobernar lugares fríos. La frase sigue

«Thus Jupiter, Mars, and the Sun are male because their nature is hotness.» — la regla de masculinidad planetaria por el calor

«But as for Saturn, the nature inherent to him is the cold, and cold is an active principlej and his varying nature is the dry, and the dry is akin to hotness: so Saturn is indicative of masculinization for these two reasons.» — y el caso de Saturno, masculinizado por su frío activo

«So for this reason, in the matter of masculinization he sometimes indicates eunuchs, the effeminate, and males who do not have sex, nor are children bom to them, and they do not have seed.» — con la consecuencia que le atribuye en la masculinización: eunucos y afeminados

«And as for Mercury, the dry is more dominant in him, and the dry is akin to hotness: so Mercury is male.» — Mercurio, masculino por el predominio de lo seco

«As for Venus, she comes to be feminized due to her indication for moderate wetness.» — Venus, feminizada por su humedad moderada

«As for Mars, his nature is excessively heating and drying, and indeed the excessiveness of his hotness and dryness is moderated by night due to the cold of the night and its wetness: so Mars is nocturnal.» — la asignación de secta: Marte es nocturno por el exceso de su calor

«And these natures of diumality and nocturnality which belong to the planets, are inherent them: they do not deviate from them except that the planets' eastemization strengthens the indication of the diurnal planets and weakens the indication of the nocturnal planets (apart from Mercury: for we have stated that when he is westernizing it is stronger for his nature, and more indicative of good fortune).» — declara inherentes las naturalezas diurna y nocturna. El troceo imprime *diumality*

«And the planets' westernization strengthens the indication of the nocturnal planets, and weakens the indication of the diurnal planets.» — y la regla de occidentalización, que fortalece a los nocturnos

«Since the twelve signs and seven planets are what are used in the indication for things generally which are quick to change, come into being, and pass away, and in what has preceded we have already stated the condition of each one of them individually in an abbreviated way, now let us begin and state the planets' partnering in the signs and their shares: such as by house, exaltation, the triplicities, bounds, faces, joy, fall, unhealthiness,1 and the degrees indicative of excellence or badness.» — abre el libro V con la razón de repartir participaciones de los planetas en los signos

«I All of the ancients agreed that Aries and Scorpio are the two houses of Mars, Taurus and Libra the two houses of Venus, Gemini and Virgo the two houses of Mercury, Sagittarius and Pisces the two houses of Jupiter, Capricorn and Aquarius the two houses of Saturn, Leo the house of the Sun, and Cancer the house of the Moon.» — adjudica a todos los antiguos el acuerdo sobre el reparto de casas planetarias

«But as for what reason they made these signs be the houses of these planets, they disagreed about that.» — y consigna el desacuerdo que sigue sobre la razón de ese reparto, sin armonizarlo

«People4 ignorant of the qualities of the sphere as well as of natural things and their conditions, said that the planets used to move every day in accordance with their daily mean motion, and they did not have slowness nor retrogradation until they were bound to the Sun and Moon (and at the time the Sun was in 15° of Leo, and the Moon in 15° of Cancer): then the wandering5 stars received houses in accordance with their bonds6 in relation to the direction of the Sun and Moon.» — la primera explicación ajena, la del *bond*, que atribuye a ignorantes de las cualidades de la esfera

«But this statement is wrong, because if by this "bond" they meant [l] the degrees of their equations, it is found that the equations of the superior planets are few, while the bonds in these degrees which they stated are many, having a great disparity with the degrees of their equations.» — y la niega por su premisa astronómica

«But we find the contrary of that, because Saturn does not retrograde nor go direct except when there are fewer than those degrees which they stated [as being] a little more.» — con el contraejemplo de las retrogradaciones de Saturno

«Now as for other people, they offered other reasons for the planets' houses, whose statements we will not mention except to say that they are nonsense and fables.» — y desecha otras explicaciones llamándolas sinsentidos y fábulas

«As for Hermes and Ptolemy (the author of The Book of Judgments),11 they both made clear the reason for the houses of the planets: and we will state that, if God wills.» — reserva a Hermes y a Ptolomeo, autor del Libro de los Juicios, la explicación que sí acepta. La llamada a nota va dentro del tramo

«As for the Moon, she is the nearest of the planets to us, and the quickest of them in motion, and the greatest of them in terms of shifting in the signs» — y arranca su propia derivación por la cercanía y rapidez de la Luna. La frase sigue

«So Cancer and the Moon coincide in wetness, femininity, the indication of beginning, and nearness to us, and for these four reasons they made Cancer be the house of the Moon.» — la coincidencia de Cáncer y la Luna en humedad, feminidad y comienzo

«And the heating, drying, male, diurnal sign which follows Cancer (and it is Leo) was given to the heating, drying, male, diurnal planet matching it due to its nature, and it is the Sun.» — y la de Leo con el Sol

«As for Jupiter, he is indicative of moderation, and his sphere borders on the sphere of Saturn: so the two signs which border on the houses of Saturn were given to Jupiter» — el reparto de casas por vecindad de esferas empieza por Júpiter. La frase sigue

«As for Mars, he is a heating infortune, and his sphere borders on the sphere of Jupiter: so his two houses were made to be those which border on the houses of Jupiter (and they are Scorpio and Aries), and from» — sigue con Marte, cuya esfera linda con la de Júpiter. La frase sigue

«As for Venus, her nature is moderation, and her sphere follows11 the sphere of the Sun, so her two houses were made to be those bordering on the houses of Mars (and they are Libra and T aurus), and from the houses of the luminaries they came to be in the place of a sextile and affection.» — y con Venus, en lugar de sextil y afecto

«And the two remaining signs were granted to Mercury, and they are Gemini and Virgo.» — los dos signos restantes quedan para Mercurio

«But the Moon does not have light in her easternizaton, westernization, and the rest of her conditions except by means of the Sun, and she draws his light from him.» — el argumento por el que la Luna no tiene figura propia: no tiene luz propia

«The strength of this division, and its truth, is that the two houses of Saturn (who is the most unfortunate of the planets of the circle, and the most indicative of them for corruption) is in the opposite of the houses of the luminaries» — y la comprobación geométrica del reparto: las casas de Saturno se oponen a las de las luminarias. La frase sigue

«Also, the houses of Mars (who is below [Saturn] in unfortunateness) are in the square of both of their houses (because the unfortunateness of the square is below that of the opposition).» — las de Marte en cuadratura, como corresponde a un infortunio menor

«And because the trine and sextile are of the distribution of the fortunes, and the trine is more powerful than the sextile, and Jupiter is more fortunate than Venus, the two houses ofjupiter came to be in trine to the houses of the luminaries, while the two houses of Venus are in sextile to their houses.» — y las de las fortunas en trígono y sextil

«All of the ancients distributed the houses in one of these four ways which we have stated: because some of them [l] started in the distribution of houses with the luminaries, then with the sphere which follows the sphere of the Moon, then rising up until it reached the sphere of Saturn (just as Hermes reported from Agathodaimon).» — cierra el capítulo con las cuatro maneras en que los antiguos repartieron las casas

«And some of them [2] began with the luminaries and then Saturn, just as Ptolemy did.» — y nombra a Ptolomeo como quien empezó por las luminarias y luego Saturno

«As for the Moon, she comes to be feminized due to the abundance of her wetness.» — y la Luna, feminizada por la abundancia de su humedad

«And some of them [3] gave to the infortunes the opposite of the houses of the luminaries as well as their squares, and to the fortunes the trine and sextile, and they made the houses of Mercury be on the two sides of the houses of the luminaries.» — el tercer reparto de casas, que da a los infortunios lo opuesto a las casas de las luminarias

«And some of them [4] made it be in accordance with the natures' being antithetical to each other.» — y el cuarto, por antítesis de naturalezas

«And due to the antithesis of the natures of those planets which we stated, the seventh from the house of each planet came to be its "unhealthiness."» — de donde deriva la insalubridad del séptimo signo

«But the five planets are not like that, because each individual planet has an allotment of the male and female in each of its two houses.» — distingue las luminarias de los cinco planetas, que tienen dos casas y dos figuras

«39 For Saturn in Capricorn indicates the figure of retrogradation and westernization, due to the agreement of the cold and dryness of them both;36 but in Aquarius he indicates the figure of direct motion and easternization, due to the hotness of Aquarius and its wetness.» — el ejemplo con Saturno en Capricornio y en Acuario

«41 Mars in Scorpio indicates the figure of direct motion due to the mixture of Scorpio's wetness and its cold, and due to the hotness of Mars and his dryness; but in Aries he indicates the figure of retrogradation due to the meeting of their hotness and dryness.» — y con Marte en Escorpio

«The exaltation of the Sun is in the 19lh degree of Aries.» — abre la lista de exaltaciones por el Sol, en el grado diecinueve de Aries. El troceo imprime el ordinal como *19lh*

«The exaltation of the Moon is in the 3,d degree of Taurus.» — la Luna, en el grado tres de Tauro

«The exaltation of Jupiter is in the 15lh degree of Cancer.» — y Júpiter, en el quince de Cáncer

«12 But as for what reason these signs and the degrees named in them were singled out as the exaltation of each planet (rather than other degrees of that sign), that is something whose knowledge was difficult for the generality of [our] predecessors as well as later people.» — declara disputada la razón de las exaltaciones entre antiguos y posteriores

«13 Ptolemy did state a reason for the exaltation of the planets in the signs in an abbreviated way, but he did not state the reason for their degrees in the signs.» — consigna que Ptolomeo razonó la exaltación en los signos pero no los grados

«14 As for Hermes, he stated a reason for the exaltation of the planets in the signs as well as their actual degrees, in a detailed way, and we will state his account in what lies ahead.» — y que Hermes razonó también los grados

«15 As for people who lay claim to explanations in the science of the profession of judgments, [but] for whom the knowledge of the nature of the higher bodies and their movements is obscure (as well as the reasons for generation and corruption), they offered a pretended reason in that, by saying that these seven planets [at Creation] were made to be in the signs of their exaltations, in the degree attributed to it as the exaltation, and from that degree they began [their] motion at the beginning of what they have traveled, and every planet travels on every day the amount of its mean motion for a day.» — abre la crítica a los que se dicen explicadores en la profesión de los juicios

«20 But if the Maker and Creator (may He be blessed and exalted) had brought forth these seven planets at the beginning of their being in the degrees of their exaltations in the signs, in the condition and movement which they claim, [and] then had wanted to alter their motions from what they had been, so that He bound these five to the luminaries, then why were these five singled out by retrogradation and direct motion by reason of that bond, while the Sun and Moon do not have retrogradation, and they both are also bound to [the others]?» — y el argumento teológico con que la sostiene: si el Creador hizo los siete, por qué habrían de estar atados

«24 And also, if these five planets vary their motion, and retrogradation happens to them because they are bound to the Sun and Moon, then it ought to be that, on every day, the motion of Sun and Moon is the same as [their own] mean motion, since they do not have retrogradation. 2S But we have found that they do have variation in course.» — el argumento astronómico contra esa doctrina

«26 All that we have said is an indicator of the worthlessness of their claim, and their lying,» — y el juicio con que la cierra, en los términos duros del libro. La frase sigue

«27 And these [people] have also lied in what they lay claim to, concerning the reason for the degree of the planets' exaltations and their houses, and the variation in their course, and their retrogradation—all of the philosophers and scholars in the profession of the stars (of the people of Persia, the Indians, and the Greeks).» — extiende la imputación a lo que esos mismos dicen de las triplicidades

«28 But some of them44 say that the seven planets began to move from the beginning of Aries, so that they moved in their condition which they are in now, and they erect the planets based on that.» — recoge la doctrina de los que hacen partir los siete planetas del comienzo de Aries

«30 And the reason why each one of them is distinguished by a condition it remains in, and one different from [any] other, is that it is an effect of its motion (by which it is distinguished in terms of generation and corruption in this world), different from what is effected by the motion of other [planets].» — y su explicación de por qué cada uno queda distinguido por una condición

«Aries was made the exaltation of the Sun, and Libra (which is contrary to Aries, and its diametrical opposite),48 was made his fall.» — abre el sistema hermético de exaltaciones por el Sol en Aries y su caída en Libra

«So Libra was made the exaltation of Saturn, and Aries his fall, contrary to what they assigned to the Sun.» — y la exaltación de Saturno en Libra, por antítesis con el Sol

«Taurus was made the exaltation of the Moon because when the Sun is in Aries and the Moon is in Taurus, it is the start of the appearance of her glow (and it is also the start of the Moon's triplicity).» — la exaltación de la Luna en Tauro

«And they made Cancer be the exaltation of Jupiter, because by his nature Jupiter is indicative of the moderate winds of the north: so when he is in Cancer, there arise winds of the north which are productive of vegetation (by the permission of God), and the nature of Jupiter becomes strong.» — la de Júpiter en Cáncer

«And they made Capricorn be the exaltation of Mars, because Capricorn is southern, and it is diametrically opposite the exaltation of Jupiter, and because the nature of Mars is burning and southern: for when he comes to be in it, his hotness becomes strong.» — la de Marte en Capricornio

«And they made Pisces be the exaltation of Venus, because the nature of Pisces is wetness, and in [Pisces] the wetness of the season of spring begins, and Venus is wet: so when she comes to be in it, her wetness becomes strong.» — la de Venus en Piscis

«And they made Virgo be the exaltation of Mercury, because Virgo is a sign in which the dryness of the season of fall begins, and the nature of Mercury [inclines] towards the dry which is <in> it, so when he comes to be in it, his dryness becomes strong.» — y la de Mercurio en Virgo

«It has already preceded [this] statement, that a single sign is not the exaltation of two planets.» — recuerda la regla que gobierna el sistema: un signo no es exaltación de dos planetas

«And we have found Venus is not distanced from the Sun by more than 47° and [some] minutes, and she is a moist, feminine planet, and we already know that Taurus is the exaltation of the Moon, and that Pisces is more appropriate for Venus (due to its wetness and feminization) than Gemini is: so the power of Venus comes to be in 15° of Pisces.» — y el límite angular de Venus respecto del Sol, cuarenta y siete grados

«So the most worthy of the signs for the exaltation of Mercury is Virgo (and the strongest he can be is in 15° of it), because it resembles him in the dry and in the nature of the beginning of the period of the autumn.» — y la razón por la que Virgo queda como exaltación de Mercurio

«And in addition to this as well, the exaltation of the Head is in the stooped-over -yr signs,74 which do not ^ resemble it.» — la razón por la que sitúa la exaltación de la Cabeza en un signo encorvado. El troceo intercala el símbolo del signo como basura tipográfica

«As for the Head, it is the position of the Moon's ascent [in latitude], and Gemini is a position of ascent: so due to their agreeing in ascent, its exaltation comes to be in it.» — define la Cabeza como posición de ascenso en latitud de la Luna

«As for the Tail, it is the position of the Moon's descent, and Sagittarius is a position of lowness,76 so due to their agreeing in one [and the same] thing, its exaltation came to be in the third degree of it.» — y la Cola como posición de descenso

«So for these reasons, the degrees of the planets' exaltations came to be in these positions.» — cierra el capítulo de las exaltaciones con la razón acumulada de sus grados

«And we already know that the infortunes do violence to the fortunes, so we wanted to assign a specific limit to the distance which is between them.» — el criterio de separación entre los grados de Marte y Venus: los infortunios violentan a las fortunas

«We have found the bounds to be of five types.» — abre el capítulo de los términos con la cuenta de cinco repartos distintos

«Now as for [4] Astratu, he divided every sign among the seven planets, and assigned the two luminaries a share in the bounds; and he argued in favor of that by saying that the planets do not have a share in the circle without the Sun and Moon also having the same.» — el reparto que atribuye a Astratu, con parte para las luminarias

«But as for the rest of those I mentioned, they divided a single sign among the five wandering planets, and did not assign the luminaries a share in it; and indeed they rejected a distribution of the luminaries among the bounds of the signs because they [only] partner with the planets in their houses.» — y el de los demás, que reparten entre los cinco errantes

«And the most sound of the divisions is the division of those who do not assign the luminaries a share in the bounds of the signs (and it is the one on which the ancients agree);» — declara más sólido el reparto que no da participación a las luminarias

«IS But we have found all of the ancients among the scholars of the masters of the stars to have employed the bounds of the people of Egypt in judgments, because they are more correct.» — y adjudica a todos los antiguos la preferencia por los términos egipcios

«And, the degrees of the bounds of each planet matches its greater years.» — con la regla numérica que los sostiene: los grados de cada planeta igualan sus años mayores

«The Chaldeans were a people who used to dwell in Babylon at an early time, and in the reports circulating among nations it is said that the first one who had dwelt and lived there was Noah the Prophet (the prayer of God be upon him): and it is that when he followed after the Flood, he and those with him passed over into Babylon in order to seek warmth and heat, and they stayed there.» — abre la digresión histórica sobre los caldeos, que habitaban Babilonia

«Their kings stayed in Babylon, and the name of the first of them was Tiglath-Pileser.» — y nombra a Tiglat-Pileser como el primero de sus reyes

«And all of the Chaldeans were learned in calculating the stars and making judgments about them, making use of them and not preferring any [other] science to them.» — les atribuye el saber del cálculo de los astros y el juicio sobre ellos

«Now, Ptolemy and others stated that in their judgments they used to employ bounds which were contrary to the bounds of the Egyptians» — consigna lo que Ptolomeo y otros dijeron de los términos caldeos. La frase sigue

«And Ptolemy stated them in his Tetrabiblos, but then after that he stated that no mention of those bounds is found in the books of their ancients, nor did their prior ancestors who were trustworthy in knowledge mention them.» — y la retractación que atribuye a Ptolomeo dentro del propio Tetrabiblos

«So, we have left off from stating them in this book of ours, because they are not bounds which are agreed upon among the ancient scholars of the stars, due to the disagreement and confusion which is in them.» — por lo que declara no incluirlos en el libro

«The Indians assigned the bounds of the male signs in one way, and the bounds of the female signs in another way.» — consigna el reparto indio, distinto para signos masculinos y femeninos

«So this is the distribution of the bounds according to what these people said; but the most correct of these bounds, are the bounds of the people of Egypt.» — y vuelve a preferir los términos egipcios

«So due to that, the rotation of the twelve signs is divided out to the triplicities, each triplicity among them being three signs.» — la partición del zodiaco en cuatro triplicidades de tres signos

«Now the first of the triplicities is male signs, and they are Aries, Leo, and Sagittarius; their lords by day are the Sun, then Jupiter (and by night Jupiter, then the Sun), and the partner to them both by day and night is Saturn.» — la primera triplicidad y sus señores

«The third triplicity is Gemini, Libra, and Aquarius, and they are male signs: and their lords by day are Saturn, then Mercury (and by night Mercury, then Saturn), and the partner to them both by day and night is Jupiter.» — la tercera, con Júpiter como señor común

«The fourth triplicity is Cancer, Scorpio, and Pisces, and they are female signs: their lords by day are Venus, then Mars (and by night Mars, then Venus), and the partner to them both by day and night is the Moon.» — y la cuarta, con la Luna

«So the first face of Aries belongs to Mars, and he is its lord; the second face of it belongs to the planet which follows Mars in his sphere; and the third face belongs to the third one from the sphere of Mars.» — abre el reparto de las faces por el orden de las esferas

«And whenever one reaches the Moon, one returns to Saturn.» — con la regla de recomenzar en Saturno al llegar a la Luna

«And that is like Aries: for the first 10° of it is the darijan of Mars (the lord of Aries), and the second 10° is the darijan of the Sun (the lord of Leo), and the third 10° is the darijan of Jupiter (the lord of Sagittarius).» — el reparto de los *darijan* de Aries. El término árabe se conserva tal cual

«And indeed they make it be according to this model because they claimed that every sign has three faces, and every triplicity three signs, so the lords of these triplicities are more appropriate to every face of them, than others are.» — la razón que da al modelo de los *darijan*

«So the first ninth-part of Aries belongs to Mars (the lord of Aries), the second ninth-part to Venus (the lord of Taurus), and the third ninth-part to Mercury (the lord of Gemini), so that the ninth ninth-part of Aries comes to belong to Jupiter (the lord of Sagittarius).» — y el reparto de las novenas partes de Aries

«Now, the lords of the nawbahr are also assigned in another way, and it is that you divide the sign into nine division (as with the first operation), then you assign the lords of the ninth-parts in the order of the spheres of the planets: so the first ninth-part of Aries is assigned to Mars, the second one of it to the Sun, the third to Venus, the fourth to Mercury, the fifth to the Moon, the sixth to Saturn, the seventh to Jupiter, the eighth to Mars, and the ninth to the Sun.» — consigna un segundo reparto de los señores del *nawbahr*

«But this one is not agreed upon, while the first one is correct.» — y lo desecha por no haber acuerdo sobre él

«All of the ancients (among the scholars of the stars) divided each sign into twelve divisions, so that each division is 2 Vi degrees, and is called a "twelfth-part."» — adjudica a todos los antiguos la partición de cada signo en doce

«Indeed, they did that so a single sign would have the nature of [all] twelve signs in it: for the first division of it is like the nature of the sign itself, and the nature of the second division is like the nature of the second sign from it, and the nature of the third division is like the nature of the third sign, and likewise the rest of the twelve divisions.» — y da la razón: que un solo signo tenga la naturaleza de los doce

«Hermes and all of the ancients divide every sign into divisions other than these as well, and it is that they make every degree of the sign follow the nature of one of the signs.» — atribuye a Hermes y a los antiguos otra partición, grado a grado

«Hermes stated many judgments in his books, degree-by-degree for every sign, in different categories, in the topics of nativities and questions.» — y remite a los libros de Hermes por los juicios grado a grado

«As for other people, they used to assign the lords of these degrees be in a different way, but the one which Hermes stated is more correct.» — recoge el reparto ajeno y prefiere el de Hermes

«Now as for some of the ancients, they used to look at the male signs and make [them] be male from their beginning up to twelve and a half degrees, and twelve and a half degrees female, then two and a half degrees male, and two and a half female.» — el reparto de grados masculinos y femeninos que atribuye a algunos antiguos

«And [some] people106 assigned the degrees of each sign (in terms of masculinization and feminization) in accordance with the nature of the twelfth-parts of the signs, and they said: As for the male signs, each one of them up to two and a half degrees from their beginning is male, following the nature of the sign itself; then two and a half degrees female, following the nature of the second sign from it; then two and a half degrees male, following the nature of the third sign from it, then female like that in this fashion, up to the end of the signs.» — y un tercer reparto, en boca de otros, sin arbitrar entre ellos

«And if they occur in the [2] dusky degrees (I mean, those having a shadow), or in the [3] vacant degrees, they indicate a small detestable thing.» — el efecto de los grados sombríos sobre los planetas que caen en ellos

«In the signs there are degrees called "wells," such that if one of the planets occurred in those very degrees of the signs, without being powerful,"2 the disappearance of its brilliance will not be delayed, and its indication being very weak.» — define los grados llamados pozos por su efecto sobre el planeta que cae en ellos

«So if the fortunes occurred in them, their condition will be like what we stated about weakness, but as for the infortunes, if they occurred in them their indication will be weakened (and sometimes they will indicate incidental good fortune due to their inability to [create] misfortune, and sometimes the nature of their misfortune will be strengthened» — y su efecto sobre fortunas e infortunios. La frase sigue

«Now as for the exact degrees of the wells in their signs, they certainly do disagree about them; but we will leave aside any mention of their disagreement about them, and will state their degrees in the signs in accordance with what the generality of the old scholars of the people of Persia and Egypt agree on.» — consigna el desacuerdo sobre los grados exactos de los pozos y declara a qué versión se atiene

«The ancients claimed that within the circle are degrees increasing in good fortune, and they said that when planets indicate the native's good fortune by means of their positions, and the Moon or the Lot of Fortune is in these degrees, or [these degrees] are exactly on the Ascendant, then they will increase in the native's good fortune.» — los grados que aumentan la fortuna, en boca de los antiguos

«And people said that if the Ascendant was one of these degrees which we will state [below], or the Sun by day or the Moon by night was in one of them, and they were in an excellent position of the circle, and the planets of the root of the nativity indicated good fortune, then they will make him attain nobility and the houses of kings, and he will conquer lands and cities, and possess many assets:» — y lo que se dice del Ascendente en esos grados, atribuido a otros

«Now these things above which we have stated, are116 partnerships of the planets with the signs, and all of the ancients (among the scholars of the stars) have generally agreed about them; and along with that they have a partial partnership [deriving] from the special blending of each with the other, which we will state in its own place in each book.» — cierra el libro V remitiendo el resto a su lugar propio. La llamada a nota 116 va dentro del tramo

«The Fifth Book is complete, praise be to God.» — y la fórmula de cierre de libro, que el volumen repite

«But Hermes, Ptolemy, Dorotheus, Teucer, Antiochus, and other scholars of their regions, as well as the scholars of India, have already stated the special property of the indications of those images and things in special books, according to what occurs in this world.» — nombra las autoridades del catálogo de imágenes: Hermes, Ptolomeo, Doroteo, Teucro, Antíoco y los sabios de su región

«And they found the generality of people believing that no degree of the circle has, in its own right, a special property in indicating something, unless there were images in it (so that those images would indicate those things by means of their special property).» — opone lo que cree el común a lo que hallaron los entendidos

«But some of the scholars of the people of one region, do disagree with other scholars of the people of another region, in the constitution of those images, forms, and conditions, and we have found that to be in three types:» — consigna el desacuerdo entre escuelas regionales sobre las imágenes

«The first thing we will start with, is stating the images which the ancients of the people of Persia, the Babylonians, and Egypt agreed upon.» — declara el orden en que expondrá los tres catálogos, empezando por persas, babilonios y egipcios

«Then after that, we have stated what the people of India agree on; then after that the 48 images which the Sages Aratus and Ptolemy mentioned.» — y sigue con el indio y con las cuarenta y ocho imágenes de Arato y Ptolomeo

«As for Aries, its nature is fiery, yellow bile, its taste bitter, upright in shape, having two colors and facing two directions, the day increasing beyond 12 hours, decreasing in ascensions from 30.» — la entrada de Aries en el catálogo, con naturaleza, humor, sabor y forma

«Now as for the images which the people of India mentioned, and the people of Persia, Egypt, and others, they ascend in the faces of the signs but do not withdraw from their positions, because they claim that the indications of those images and things are of the special property of the indication of those faces.» — distingue las imágenes indias y persas de las griegas por su función indicativa

«In the second face of Aries ascends Andromeda, and the middle of that Sea Fish (and it is the 'Aqar), and the middle of the Triangle, and the middle of the Ta'mur (and it is the Bull-Stag),12 and half of a Snake, and a field for» — y la segunda, con Andrómeda. La frase sigue

«The Indians claim that in this face ascends a black man with red eyes, mighty in body and strong in heart, mighty in his soul, a large white garment on him which he has cinched about his waist with a cord; and he is angry, standing on his feet, and he is vigilant, a guardian.» — la primera face de Aries según los indios, puesta en boca de ellos

«In the third face of Aries ascends a male youth called Cassius,18 and he is sitting upon a throne with a spread on it, with him two statues;19 and after the throne ascends Perseus (that is, Filsus), tilting [his head] down, calling upon God.» — la tercera face de Aries, con un joven llamado Cassius que invoca a Dios. La llamada a nota va dentro del tramo

«The Indians claim that in this face ascends a man of reddish color, with red hair, and he is angry, being hindered, in his hand a bracelet of wood and a rod, and on him red clothing, precise in the arts of iron, wanting to do good but not being able to: and indeed he wants the good because it is the face of Jupiter (as the Indians claim),22 but he cannot because it is the house of Mars.» — la face de Tauro según los indios, con la razón que dan: es casa de Marte

«And there ascends a man [with his head] turned downwards, and the head of a dog (and it is the image called Saksar in Persian,32 and its meaning is that the image of its head is the head of a dog), so the head of that image ascends.» — una de las imágenes invertidas del catálogo, con cabeza de perro

«And there ascends a spiritual image turned upside down, in its right hand a rod, [and] raising up the left hand.» — y otra que el texto llama imagen espiritual, boca abajo y con una vara

«SO GEMINI. As for Gemini, its nature is the nature of blood, its taste sweet, and it is of the color of the sky, upright in shape, facing many directio» — la entrada de Géminis, con la naturaleza de la sangre y sabor dulce. El troceo imprime el número de frase como *SO*, y el tramo se corta a media palabra

«In the third face of Gemini ascends Apollo, and on his head fragrant leaves,43 and with him a cithara44 (and it is a sanj having45 strings), and a mizmdr of gold.» — y la tercera, con Apolo

«CANCER. As for Cancer, its nature is watery, phlegmatic, and its taste salty.» — la entrada de Cáncer, acuática y flemática

«LEO. As for Leo, its nature is fiery, yellow bile, and its taste bitter.» — y la de Leo, ígnea y de bilis amarilla

«And with him ascends the master of the Horse looking in the direction of the north, his image resembling the image of a jackal.» — una de las figuras de Leo, el señor del Caballo

«85 VIRGO. As for Virgo, it possesses two bodies, and has three images.» — la entrada de Virgo, de dos cuerpos y tres imágenes

«And she is nursing a small boy, feeding him broth in a place called an "atrium" (and some nations call that boy 'Isu', and the meaning of that is Jesus).» — la imagen de la virgen que amamanta a un niño, con la glosa que el propio texto trae: ese niño es Jesús

«In the third face of Leo ascends a youth [who is] a driver of riding animals, and in his hand a whip (and Teucer calls the whip a "hammer"),61 and he pulls a cart in which there is a man sitting, and a small youth following him, in his left hand a garment and a vessel.» — la tercera face de Leo, con un joven arriero

«In the second face of Libra ascends a man driving [animals] (and the Persians call him Budasi/,83 while the Romans call him 'Inichus),84 and in his cart is a man sitting, in his hand a whip, and a red basket belonging to a merchant man, [and] in it are an exquisite sword, silk brocade, a scabbard, an apothecary's bag, and tailors' tools,85 and a tent in which there are masters of perfumes, and a man sitting upon a bed, and around him are aides.» — la segunda face de Libra, con el nombre que le dan los persas

«And in the third face of Libra ascend the following part of the Sea Dragon, and the complete Ship, and the end of the Centaur, and the complete Lake of gold, and the brain of the head, and the summit of the direction of the brain,90 and a naked man called Ariadne,91 reclining and putting his left hand on his head, it being already supported by his right hand.» — y la tercera, con la parte siguiente del Dragón Marino

«And there ascends the Crown of Ariadne, and it is above the head of the [animal] driver, both of their heads having two crooked horns, one of them above the other, they being called "Ballista" and Adonis.» — la Corona de Ariadna entre las imágenes de Libra, con los nombres Ballista y Adonis

«SCORPIO. As for Scorpio, its nature is watery, phlegmatic.» — la entrada de Escorpio, acuática y flemática

«And in the second face of Scorpio ascends Asclepius (and he is a naked man), and the middle of the Centaur (and he is the male horse), and the middle of the Bull.» — la segunda face de Escorpio, con Asclepio como hombre desnudo

«SAGITTARIUS. As for Sagittarius, it has two bodies and two natures, not complete, nimjird (that is, cut into two halves).» — la entrada de Sagitario, de dos cuerpos y dos naturalezas

«In the second face of Sagittarius ascends Kiydphiyus (or Cepheus), putting his left hand on his mouth, holding onto the horn of Capricorn with his right, and extending his right one to the Wild Beast (that is, the Wild Dog).» — la segunda face de Sagitario, con el nombre árabe y su equivalencia griega dentro del propio texto

«As for Capricorn, it is earthy, dusty, pertaining to tilling, nimjird (that is, turned109 in shape),110 not finished, upright, having two essences and two natures.» — y la entrada de Capricornio, con un término árabe glosado en el mismo renglón

«And in the second face of Capricorn ascends a woman called in Roman Bawanu"6 (and in Persian 'Izad, and she is also called Hilaniyat),"7 and she is sitting upon a bed; and there ascends a Tree vine, and the middle of the Great Fish, and the middle of the Bad Spring,118 and the middle of the foul Predatory Beast (that is, the one called Saksar in Persian), and there ascends half of the Wheel.» — la segunda face de Capricornio, con una mujer nombrada en romano

«AQUARIUS. As for Aquarius, it is an airy, sanguine sign.» — la entrada de Acuario, aérea y sanguínea

«And in the first face of it ascends Eridanus (and it is a river which the Jar holds), and the head of the one gripping the Horse (and Teucer calls it the Mahijir),124» — la primera face de Acuario, con Erídano y el nombre que le da Teucro

«And there ascends something spiritual called "Satan" straight in stature, with no head, and it bears its own head in its hand.» — una imagen que el catálogo llama Satán, de pie y con su propia cabeza en la mano

«PISCES: As for Pisces, it is a watery sign.» — y la entrada de Piscis, signo acuático

«And Teucer claimed that it is the following part of the Scorpion, and the end of the River Nile, and the head of the Qurqurdilus, twisting around towards his back fighting his opponents, and guiding them in front of him,13' and the second half of the Kneeler upon his Knee.» — consigna en boca de Teucro una identificación divergente de una imagen

«and [although] some people among the ancients already stated the ascensions of the signs in a different way than how we will state them, we have omitted their version because it is not correct.» — niega corrección a las ascensiones que algunos antiguos dieron

«The Persians claimed that this clime belongs to Jupiter, while the Romans claimed it belongs to the Sun.» — consigna el desacuerdo entre persas y romanos sobre el señor de un clima, sin arbitrarlo

«The symmetry of the degrees of the signs is in accordance with the relationships of figures,152 and the counting out of one in relation to others.» — abre VI.3 con la doble base de la simetría: relaciones de figuras y de números

«But a numerical affinity is that some portions of one of the numbers are countable into the whole of that number, just as 3 is a part of 9, and 3 is countable into 9 three times, so that 3 and 9 each have an affinity with the other.» — define la afinidad numérica

«When the ancients1'*5 spoke of "degrees of the exact aspects of the signs," they meant the affinity of one with the other, in three coinciding things:» — y explica qué entendían los antiguos por grados de aspecto exacto

«One of them is [ l] if some number of degrees of the circle is countable into all of the degrees of the circle.» — el primero de los tres requisitos, la divisibilidad del círculo

«As for the opposition, it is when the distance of one of the degrees from the other is 180°.» — define la oposición por la distancia de ciento ochenta grados

«Now as for the philosophers who dealt with numbers,161 they used to call the half and the third "the mighty calculations,"162 and they said from them both, and from the doubling of one of them,163 and from the relation» — atribuye a los filósofos de los números el vocabulario de las razones. La frase se corta

«So they said that the aspect of the opposition is from two equivalent angles, and when one amount of the two halves of the circle inherently has some relationship, the other half inherently has the same thing.» — la derivación de la oposición desde dos ángulos equivalentes

«they divided the half65 into three divisions, and each third came to 60°: and it is the aspect of the sextile.» — la del sextil, por división en tres de la mitad

«they doubled the degrees of the sextile, so it came to be 120°, and it is the aspect of the trine.» — y la del trígono, doblando el sextil

«As for the opposition, it comes from the complete light in the body of the Moon, because the Moon does not cease to increase in light until she comes to be in the opposition of the Sun; and when she withdraws from that place she decreases in her glow.» — y la deriva de la luz llena de la Luna

«Now when something of some sign ascends, the affinity of that ascending degree and its aspect in the several signs172 will be withdrawing from the degrees which we had stated.» — expone cómo cambia la afinidad al ascender un grado del signo

«But Aries does look at Gemini and Aquarius with a sextile aspect, and at Cancer and Capricorn with a square aspect, and at Leo and Sagittarius with a trine aspect, and at Libra with the aspect of opposition.» — y el ejemplo con Aries y sus aspectos

«And all of the ancients175 called the aspect of the trine and sextile the "finest amounts," and the most indicative of them for harmony and affection, due to the fact that they begin from harmonious signs and terminate in the same: because if they begin with the masculine they finish at the masculine,» — adjudica a todos los antiguos el nombre que dan al trígono y al sextil. La frase sigue

«As for the square and opposition, they called them the "worst176 amounts," due to the difference of their signs in the beginning and the endpoint.» — y el nombre contrario para cuadratura y oposición

«Now [some] people have rejected what we stated at first about the amounts of the aspecting of the degrees of the signs, and they said: "By the degrees of the exact aspects, the ancients meant [ 1 ] those which count into all of the degrees of the circle.» — recoge la objeción de quienes piden más aspectos

«So it must be that among the exact aspects there is a division by five, eight, nine, ten, and others, because one-fifth of the degrees of the circle is 72, and they count into all of the degrees of the circle, five times; and one-eighth <counts into of all of the degrees of the circle, as well as one-ninth and one-tenth: each one of them counts into all of the degrees of the circle a different [amount] of times, according to the relationship of each of them to the other.» — y la formula en boca del adversario: habría de haber división por cinco, ocho y nueve

«For this reason, they did not grant a relationship184 between degrees of the circle except for the range of numbers and ways which we stated before.» — la razón por la que la niega: no se cumplen las tres relaciones a la vez

«1 Among the signs are those [l] loving one another, hating one another, and hostile to one another.» — abre la clasificación de los signos por amor, odio y hostilidad

«Now as for [l ] the signs loving one another, they are those which look at each other from the trine and sextile.» — los que se aman, por trígono y sextil

«The signs hating one another are those looking at each other from the square.» — los que se odian, por cuadratura

«Those hostile to one another are those looking at each other from the opposition.» — y los hostiles, por oposición

«As for those [2] straight in ascension, they are those which rise in an upright fashion, and the ascensions of each one of them is greater than 30°:» — define los signos rectos en ascensión

«The signs crooked in ascension are those which rise in a slanted fashion, and the ascensions of each one of them is less than 30°:» — y los oblicuos

«the signs which are crooked in ascension are obedient to those straight in ascensions, and they indicate agreement and love—and the most indicative of that is when they look at each other with an aspect of affection.» — la regla de obediencia: los oblicuos obedecen a los rectos

«And that is like Gemini, for it is obedient to Leo (and Leo is to Gemini),186 and Taurus to Cancer (and Cancer to Taurus);» — con el ejemplo de Géminis y Leo

«But as for Aries to Libra, and Capricorn to Cancer, it is the contrary of affection because even though one of them is obedient to its associate, they look at each other from the opposition.» — y el límite: en la oposición no hay afecto

«And the obedient signs are also named in another manner: and they are the "equal187 signs, agreeing in power," those for which the hours of the day of one, are the same as the hours of the day of the other (and we will state that, if God wills).» — consigna el otro nombre de los signos obedientes

«And as for [2] the second [way], it is the signs "agreeing in power."» — el segundo criterio de correspondencia, los signos que concuerdan en poder

«And they are the signs which, when the Sun is in one of them, the hours of its day are equivalent to the hours of the day of the other sign.» — y su definición por la igualdad de las horas del día

«And as for the signs in which one of them does not look at the other due to their nearness to each other, they are called a "natural sextile" and indicate affection and harmony: and they are some of the signs agreeing in [l] ascensions [but] one of them is close to the other (like Aries and Pisces, and Virgo and Libra), or the signs agreeing in [2] power [but] one of them is close to its associate (like Gemini and Cancer, and Sagittarius and Capricorn), or those agreeing in [3] manner [but] one of them is close to its associate (like Capricorn and Aquarius).» — los signos que no se miran por su cercanía

«We have already made clear in what preceded that the squares of the signs indicate conflict and hostility, but one must not say this for all squares, because among the squares are what indicates harmony and affection.» — y el caso de las cuadraturas que sin embargo armonizan

«Now as for other people, they said that the ancients understood the aspect from the conditions of the planets.» — recoge la explicación ajena de los aspectos, tomada de la observación de los planetas

«(The people of Persia call every pair of signs among them "equal in power,"» — consigna la nomenclatura persa, distinta de la suya. La frase sigue

«1 The years of the signs, as well as their months, days, and hours, are derived in two ways.» — abre VI.8 con los dos modos de derivar años, meses, días y horas de cada signo

«2 The first way is [ 1 ] that you make the degrees of the signs' ascensions in the clime which you want, be: for each degree a year, and every 5' a month, up to what you want in terms of days and hours.» — el primero, por los grados de ascensión

«3 The second way is [2] that you make the years of each sign, and its months, be the same as the lesser years of its lord.» — y el segundo, por los años menores del señor del signo

«5 The first method is [2a] that you multiply the lesser years of the lord of that sign by 12, so that it becomes months; then you double those months, then after that one adds to them the same number as the lesser years of that planet, and divide the sum by 10: what comes out is the days, but what remains is the portions of tenths of a day.» — el primer método de derivar días y horas

«1 Aries, Taurus, and Gemini: when their lords coincide with them230 (and they are Mars, Venus, and Mercury), they are set in motion.» — la primera de las cuatro reglas sobre los señores que coinciden con su signo

«2 Cancer, Leo and Virgo: when their lords coincide with them (and they are the Moon, the Sun, and Mercury), they are at rest.» — la segunda, de reposo

«Now as for Gemini, it belongs to the mighty; Virgo, Libra, and Sagittarius belong to those in the middle; and Aquarius belongs to the underclass.» — el reparto social de los signos, con Géminis entre los poderosos. El troceo trae aquí guion U+2011

«1 Aries has: the head, face, the pupil of the eye, and the innards,232 and what emerges in them and in the eyes and ears, in terms of ailments.» — abre la melotesia con Aries: cabeza, rostro, pupila y entrañas

«2 Taurus has: the neck and its vertebrae,233 the throat, and what emerges in them in terms of ailments and their illnesses, like scrofula,234 abscesses,235 a rotting of the nose,236 curvature of the back,237 and pain in the eye.238» — y sigue con Tauro: cuello, vértebras y garganta

«The signs indicative of women's chastity and their modesty are Taurus, Leo,268 Scorpio, and Aquarius.» — la lista de signos que hace indicar recato en las mujeres

«The signs indicative of their looseness and corruption are Aries, Cancer, Libra, and Capricorn.» — y su contraria

«The signs of many children are Cancer, Scorpio, Pisces, and the last half of Capricorn.» — los signos de muchos hijos

«The signs of twins are the last half of Capricorn, and those having two bodies;270 but as for those having two colors271 and faces272 (such as Aries and Libra), sometimes they indicate twins as well.» — los de gemelos

«The signs of sterility are Gemini, Leo, Virgo, and the beginning of Taurus; and sometimes Aquarius and the beginning of Capricorn27, indicate sterility as well.» — y los de esterilidad

«So if Mercury was in a sign not having a voice, nor does he look at one with a suitable aspect, and he is made unfortunate, the native's tongue will be corrupted, or else his hearing, and perhaps he will be deaf and mute.» — la regla sobre Mercurio en signo sin voz, dicha con *perhaps*

«For if the Moon, Lot of Fortune, or Lot of the Invisible was in one of them, made unfortunate, it indicates that one of these ailments will afflict the native.» — y la que hace depender la locura de la posición de la Luna y de dos *Lots*

«The signs indicative of culture, deception, beguiling speech, and cunning, are Leo, Sagittarius, Capricorn, and Pisces.» — los signos de cultura, engaño y habla seductora

«Aries, Taurus, Leo, and the last half of Sagittarius are the signs having four feet; and the first half of Capricorn sometimes indicates what is like that.» — los signos de cuatro patas

«As for Leo, Scorpio, Sagittarius, and Pisces, they are the signs of predatory animals.» — los de animales de presa

«Cancer, Scorpio, Sagittarius, and Capricorn are the signs of venomous things, snakes, scorpions, and what scratches the earth.» — y los de lo venenoso y lo que escarba

«As for the signs which indicate everything worked by fire, they are Aries, Leo, Scorpio, and Aquarius.» — los signos de lo obrado con fuego

«1 Aries, Leo, and Sagittarius are eastern. 2 But Aries is the heart300 of the east, and its wind is the east wind; Leo is to the left of the east, and its wind is slanted between the east and yy q north; Sagittarius is to the right of the east, and its wind is slanted between the east and south.» — el reparto de direcciones, con Aries como corazón del oriente

«5 Gemini, Libra, and Aquarius are western. 6 But Libra is the heart of the west, and its wind is the west wind; Aquarius is to the left of the west, and its wind is slanted between the west and the south; Gemini is to the right of the west, and its wind is slanted between the west and the north.» — y Libra como corazón del poniente

«So the first house is called "the Ascendant," and it indicates bodies, life, and the conditions of every inception and motion.» — abre las doce casas por el Ascendente, que indica cuerpo y vida

«The second house is called the "house of assets," and it indicates the collecting of assets and amassing them, and the causes of [one's] means of subsistence307 and their conditions, and taking and giving.» — la segunda, casa de los bienes

«The third house is called the "house of siblings," and it indicates the conditions of brothers and sisters, relatives, relations by marriage, reflection,308 opinion, religion, understanding,i(W contentions in religions, books, reports,310 messengers, travel, women, and dreams.» — la tercera, de los hermanos

«The fourth is called the "house of fathers," and it indicates the conditions of fathers, roots,3" and race; lands, villages, cities, building, waters, and eve-Figure 92: Basic topical meanings of the twelve places or houses (VI. 26) rything concealed, hidden, or what is under the earth, and buried treasure; and the outcome, death, and what is after death (in terms of what happens to the conditions of the dead man, such as burial, exhumation, being robbed, burning, or being thrown from some place, and other things pertaining to his situation).» — la cuarta, de los padres

«The sixth is called the "house of illness," and it indicates illnesses and what resembles them, chronic illness, slaves and servant-girls, a price reduction,315 oppression,316 and migration from place to place.» — la sexta, de la enfermedad

«The seventh is called the "house of women," and it indicates women, and marriage and its causes; contentions and antitheses;317 travel; and destruction and its cause.» — la séptima, de las mujeres

«The eighth is called the "house of death," and it indicates death, killing, inheritances, lethal poisons, fear about everything already destroyed and gone astray,31" things entrusted for safekeeping,319 idleness, negligence, and confusion.» — la octava, de la muerte

«The tenth is called the "house of authority," and it indicates high rank, the king, the government authority, the ruler, the judge, and nobility; reputation and fame;327 trade professions and works; and mothers.» — la décima, de la autoridad

«The eleventh is called the "house of good fortune," and it indicates hope,328 good fortune, friends, praiseworthy action, commendation, children, and helpers.» — la undécima, de la buena fortuna

«The twelfth is called the "house of enemies," and it indicates enemies, suffering, sorrow, distresses, envy, slander, cunning, stratagems, toil, trouble, and riding animals.» — y la duodécima, de los enemigos

«So as for the first house, they called it "ascendant" due to its ascending from the horizon of the east.» — la razón del nombre de la primera casa

«As for Mercury, he is in the sixth sphere, and he is on a short leash, close to the Sun, with much retrogradation, burning, and hiddenness.» — deriva la significación de la sexta casa de la posición de Mercurio en la sexta esfera

«As for the Moon, she is in the seventh sphere and has many meetings and oppositions with [the Sun], so she came to have the indication over women, marriage, making friends and seeking things from people,» — y la de la séptima de la Luna en la séptima esfera

«The masters of the stars claimed that for these reasons they attributed these things to these houses.» — atribuye a los maestros de los astros el conjunto de esas razones, sin hacerlas suyas del todo

«Thus Mercury rejoices in the Ascendant, because the Ascendant indicates beginnings, youth, and impulse: and Mercury indicates the rational soul, speech, discussion, and children and youth.» — abre las alegrías planetarias por Mercurio en el Ascendente

«Venus rejoices in the fifth, because the fifth house indicates children and women: and Venus indicates what is like that through her essence.» — Venus en la quinta

«Mars rejoices in the sixth, because the sixth indicates illness, slaves, and evil: and Mars indicates what is like that.» — Marte en la sexta

«The Sun rejoices in the ninth, because the ninth house indicates divinity, religions, worship, and the good: and the Sun indicates what is like that.» — el Sol en la novena

«Saturn rejoices in the twelfth house, because the twelfth house indicates suffering, anxiety, distress, and enemies: and Saturn indicates what is like that.» — y Saturno en la duodécima

«Each Ascendant is red in color from its degree up to the stake of the earth, and from the stake of the earth to the west it is black in color, and from the stake of the west to the Midheaven it is green in color, and from the Midheaven to the Ascendant it is white in color.» — el reparto de colores por cuadrantes desde el Ascendente

«for the spring is hot and wet, according to the nature of air;» — el reparto de estaciones por naturaleza empieza por la primavera, aire

«and summer is hot and dry, according to the nature of fire;» — el verano, fuego

«and autumn is cold and dry, according to the nature of earth;» — el otoño, tierra

«and winter is cold and wet, according to the nature of water.» — y el invierno, agua

«thus each section of the year has three conditions, and there are four sections.» — de donde salen las tres condiciones por sección

«So when we multiply the conditions of the time of the first section (and there are three) by the four sections of the year, that comes to twelve, each one of them being called a "month."» — y la multiplicación que produce los doce meses

«And just as each condition of the sections of the year is called a "month," so likewise each condition of the sections of a single day and single night is called an "hour."» — con el paralelo entre el mes del año y la hora del día

«Thus the first quarter of the day and night (and it is three hours) matches the nature of air and the spring, and it is heating and wet.» — el primer cuarto del día y la noche, caliente y húmedo

«They made it belong to the diurnal planet which is the Sun, and that is because the Sun is the planet by whose rising the day comes to be, and by his setting the night comes to be:» — la razón por la que el domingo se asigna al Sol

«So as for the number of the hours of the seven days, they are 168, and each of the seven planets has twenty-four hours every week, the amount of the number of hours in a day and night.» — la cuenta de las ciento sesenta y ocho horas de la semana

«And know that the beginning of the hours of the day are from the inception of the Sun's rising from the eastern horizon, while the beginning of the hours of the night are from the disappearance of the Sun's body from the horizon of the west.» — y el comienzo de las horas del día desde el orto

«The Sixth Book is completed, with praise to God, His superiority, and His strength!» — la fórmula con que cierra el libro sexto

«But in this Book we will state their conditions and their special indications over things since each one of them in itself has different conditions, and it is that:» — abre el libro VII anunciando las condiciones de los planetas y sus indicaciones especiales

«It is rising in its apogee or falling in it, or it is in the middle zone of this circle.» — la primera condición, subir o caer en el apogeo

«Or, it is increasing in motion, light, and might, or is decreasing in it, or is average in motion, light, and size.» — la segunda, aumentar o disminuir en movimiento, luz y potencia

«Or, it is northern (rising or falling), or southern (rising or falling), or it has much latitude or little latitude, or it has no latitude.» — la de la latitud, norte o sur

«Or, it is in its domain or in the contrary of its domain.» — y la del dominio, término que el libro llama *hayyiz*

«Now as for a planet's increase in light and size, that is said because sometimes a planet is seen to be small in its body, sometimes it is seen to be big, and sometimes it is seen to be average in body; and indeed one sees [it] in this condition in accordance with its closeness and distance relative to the earth, not that in itself it is [really] small or big.» — explica en qué sentido un planeta aumenta en luz y tamaño

«So if a planet was in the middle zone of the circle of the apogee, it would be average in light and size.» — el caso medio, en la zona media del círculo del apogeo

«And if it was rising from the middle zone of the circle of the apogee, it is decreasing in light, with little size.» — el que sube, que decrece en luz

«And if it was falling down from the middle zone of the circle of the apogee, it is increasing in light and size.» — y el que cae, que crece

«And know that when the five planets are determined by the zij of the Persians and the Indians,19 so that one of the two20 is in the first or fourth sector,21 it is slow in course: and one uses the quick kardajas for it.» — la regla operativa con las tablas persas y el término *kardaja*

«Now as for a northern planet, that is when it goes beyond the Head of its own Dragon until it reaches its own Tail; but as for a southern one, it is when it goes beyond the Tail of its Dragon until it reaches its Head.» — define planeta boreal por su posición respecto a la Cabeza de su propio Dragón

«Now as for Saturn, Jupiter, and Mars, from the time of their separation from the Sun until they oppose him to the minute, they are "on the right side" of him; and from the time of their opposition until they conjoin with him, they are "on the left side" of him.» — la regla de derecha e izquierda del Sol para los tres superiores

«But as for Venus and Mercury, from [the time] of their separation from the Sun and they are retrograde in the region26 of the east until they go direct, become quick, overtake the Sun, and conjoin with him, they are "on the right side" of him; and after their separation from him and they are moving direct towards the region27 of the west, until they station in the west and return, and the Sun overtakes them and they meet with him, they are "on the left side" of him.» — la misma regla para Venus y Mercurio

«And as for the Moon, from the time of her separation from him until she opposes him, she is "on the left side" of him, and when she passes beyond his opposition until she conjoins with him, she is "on the right side" of him.» — y para la Luna

«So as for the three superiors, they have seventeen conditions from him.» — cuenta diecisiete condiciones de los superiores respecto del Sol

«Now when the Sun is distant from them by more than one-half of those minutes (in the direction in which they are), the planets come to the second condition, and they are said to be "under the rays of the Sun, burned in the east.» — y define la quema por la distancia al Sol

«And even though we have called these planets "easternizing" at this time, we don't mean by it that they are [actually] seen in» — acota el término orientalizante: no significa que se vean. La frase sigue

«And when they oppose the Sun, they are in the ninth condition (and when the three superior planets are in the opposition of the Sun, the people of Persia call it the "night-limit"34 of the opposition).» — la novena condición, la oposición, con el nombre técnico que le dan los astrólogos

«Now as for Venus in particular, sometimes she will be seen in the east or west while she is [still] with the Sun in 1', and indeed it is like that when she is at the utmost of her latitude (and that is because her greatest latitude is 8° 56', according to what Ptolemy claimed).» — la excepción de Venus, con Ptolomeo como autoridad de la latitud

«So when Venus is in this condition of great latitude and visibility, she is not called "burned," but rather she is called "appearing" until her latitude is below 7° and she nears the Sun a little bit41 by latitude: then perhaps she will not be seen, and is called "burned" at that time.» — y su consecuencia: en esa condición no se la llama quemada

«And when they go retrograde, they come to be in the fourteenth condition until they come near to the Sun and there are 15° between them and him.» — la condición decimocuarta, la retrogradación

«And as for the Moon, she has sixteen conditions relative to the Sun.» — cuenta dieciséis condiciones de la Luna respecto del Sol

«And every one of these conditions has indications for things which we will mention in our book, in the places where mention of them is needed.» — y declara que cada una tiene sus indicaciones

«The power of the Sun's body is 15° in front of him, ij 2 0° and the same behind him,» — abre las órbitas de los cuerpos por el Sol, quince grados delante y otro tanto detrás. El troceo intercala basura tipográfica

«The power of the body ofMars is 8° in front of him, and the same behind him.» — la de Marte, ocho grados. El troceo pega *body ofMars*

«The power of each of the bodies of Venus and Mercury is 7° in front of them, and the same behind them.» — y la de Venus y Mercurio, siete grados

«And a planet is said to be assembling with something of what we state, if they were both in a single signj5"" and it is stronger for the indication of their assembly if there were 15° and less between one of them and the other,» — define el ensamblaje de dos planetas por la distancia entre ellos. La frase sigue

«And that is like Satum and the Moon: if they were in a single sign, and the distance between them both was within 12° in front of them or behind, Saturn would be in the power of the body of the Moon, while the Moon would not be in the power of the body ofSaturn, until there is a little under 9° between them.» — con el ejemplo de Saturno y la Luna. El troceo imprime *Satum*

«And when they encounter each other's bodies, they come to be in the peak of their indication for good or evil.» — el punto máximo, el encuentro de los cuerpos

«Now as for the fixed stars, the ancients did not assign the range of a body to them: so if one of the seven planets assembles with one of the fixed stars, so that between them was the range of one-half (or less) of the body of that planet which is of the seven, then the fixed star will be in the power of the planet's body.» — y la abstención de los antiguos: no asignaron cuerpo a las estrellas fijas

«Now, people have thought that when two planets unite, they are [actually] joining with their bodies in a single position of the sphere— but it is not like that.» — recoge y niega la idea de que dos planetas unidos se junten realmente

«And people have [also] claimed that when two planets unite it nullifies the natural indication which each of them indicates by itself, and that from their uniting would occur an indication for another thing different from their two natures.» — y la de que la unión anule las dos naturalezas y produzca una tercera

«And that is like water and wine, for upon their meeting and mixing, the nature and essence of each is corrupted and a third thing blended of both comes to be, different from them in essence and nature.» — con el ejemplo del agua y el vino que los adversarios aducen

«27 And we also say that the mixing of bodies with each other is due to these lower, fluid bodies,68 because when two of them meet and combine, one of them corrupts the other and so nullifies the essence of each of them, and from them occurs a third thing apart from them.» — concede que en los cuerpos de aquí abajo la mezcla sí produce un tercero

«28 But as for higher bodies,69 it is contrary to that; because when [two of them] unite, they do not combine their essences together, nor does one of them corrupt the other, but rather in their own bodies and natures they would [still] be in their own [respective] condition, though indeed their qualities would be combined when one of them is parallel to the other and they are moved in a single path.» — y niega que ocurra igual en los cuerpos superiores

«31 And the more planets which mutually assemble with each other, the more numerous are the things which are stimulated by them.» — la regla de acumulación: cuantos más planetas se ensamblan, más numeroso lo estimulado

«33 Upon their assembly with each other, the planets have two conditions: one of them is [l] the mixing of the qualities of one with the other, and the second is [2] the power of one over the other.74» — las dos condiciones del ensamblaje: mezcla de cualidades y poder de uno sobre otro

«35 The first of them is [la] by the special property of their natures.» — las cinco cosas por las que se conoce la mezcla, empezando por la propiedad especial

«36 The second is [lb] by their rising or falling in the circle of the apogee.» — la segunda, subir o caer en el apogeo

«38 The fourth is [id] by their condition relative to the Sun.» — y la cuarta, la condición respecto del Sol

«Now the ancients did say that when Saturn and Mars unite, they indicate good fortune because each of them balances out the nature of his associate80—and this statement of theirs is correct, except that it needs clarification.» — recoge la sentencia de los antiguos sobre la unión de Saturno y Marte y la acepta con reserva

«So the nature of Saturn is cooling and drying, but sometimes it will shift from the dry so that it becomes cooling and moistening.» — la doble naturaleza de Saturno, que puede pasar a fría y húmeda

«The nature of Mars is heating and drying, and sometimes it will shift from the drying so that it becomes hot and wet.» — y la de Marte, que puede pasar a caliente y húmeda

«So if their uniting was in the fiery signs (and they are Aries and its triplicities), then the heat of Mars is strengthened, and his wetness83 decreased, while the coldness of Saturn is also decreased as well as his wetness, while he increases in in his dryness.» — la unión de ambos en signos ígneos. El troceo repite *in in*

«But as for their uniting in the earthy signs (and they are Taurus and its triplicities), the dryness of Mars is strengthened and his wetness decreased, while the coldness of Satum is strengthened, as well as his dryness.» — en signos terrestres

«As for their meeting in the airy signs (and they are Gemini and its triplicities), their moderation and mixture is strengthened, as well as their wetness.» — en signos aéreos

«And as for their uniting in the watery signs (and they are Cancer and its triplicities), the heat of Mars is decreased as well as his dryness (and it will be changed to wetness), and there will be an increase in the coldness of Saturn as well as his wetness.» — y en signos acuáticos

«So as for their mixing in two qualities,88 it is in three ways: the first is if Mars is hot and wet while Saturn is cold and dry; the second is if Mars is hot and dry while Saturn is cold and wet; the third is if Mars is hot and wet while Saturn is cold and wet.» — los tres modos de mezcla en dos cualidades

«But as for their mixing in a single quality, that is if Mars is hot and dry, and Saturn cold and dry.» — y el caso de mezcla en una sola

«Now as for the Sun, upon his assembly with the planets he has a condition different from the condition of the planets' assembly with each other: because for all of them, when they go under his rays, he bums them and weakens their power.» — el efecto del Sol al ensamblarse con los planetas, distinto del de los demás

«The most intense harm for the planets by burning is that of the Moon and Venus, because they are both cooling and moistening: so when they enter into burning, the Sun dissolves them95 by means of his heat, dries out their wetness, and damages them in accordance with the hostility of the Sun's essence towards their essence.» — y a quiénes daña más la quema: la Luna y Venus

«Now as for Mercury, what affects him from the corruption of burning by the Sun is less than what affects other planets, and that is due to his nearness to [the Sun], and due to the reason which we stated before.» — el caso de Mercurio quemado

«As for Jupiter, Venus, and the Moon when they assemble with the Sun and he burns them, if any of them is strong in the way we discussed concerning their strength,107 what affects it from the corruption of burning will be less.» — y los casos en que la corrupción de la quema es menor

«And for all planets, if they were with the Sun "in the heart" in the manner we stated before,108 then in many matters it indicates good fortune:» — la excepción del corazón del Sol, que indica fortuna

«As for the Moon, when she assembles with Saturn and Mars they will make her unfortunate, except that in general her misfortune from Saturn is said to be harsher than that from Mars.» — la Luna ensamblada con Saturno y Marte

«But if it was in the first half of the [lunar] month her nature is heating: so should she mix with the cold of Saturn with her heating nature, her misfortune from Saturn will be less;» — con la corrección por la primera mitad del mes lunar

«As for Saturn and Jupiter, when they unite the nature of the stronger one of them will be more apparent.» — la regla general de la unión: prevalece la naturaleza del más fuerte

«And people have claimed that since Saturn and Mars are each an infortune by itself, through its own nature, then if they united they would not indicate good fortune, but rather they would indicate an excess of misfortune.» — y recoge la afirmación ajena de que dos infortunios unidos den infortunio doble

«Now as for the rigid ones, if their parts were big, and some of them were [l] fastened to others, things of varied shapes would come from them;» — la partición de los modos de mezcla empieza por los cuerpos rígidos

«And as for those with small parts, if some of them came together with others through their own natural shape, they would be called a [2] heterogeneous mixture:» — y llega a la mezcla heterogénea

«As for fluid bodies, either two things of a single kind would come together (like water with water, and wine with wine), so that they are said to [3] aggregate,» — el caso de los cuerpos fluidos de una sola clase, que agregan

«As for the fluid bodies, that is like the example of water and milk, water and wine, and what is like that: and they are said to be truly blending,» — y el de los contrarios, que mezclan de verdad

«Now if two planets united, their condition would not be like [1-2] the condition of rigid bodies, nor would they [3] aggregate so as to become one thing (like water with water, and fire with fire, and firmness with firmness), nor would one of them [4a] resist the other (like oil and water), nor would they be [4b] blended in their being126 so that one of them would corrupt the other (like water and wine)—but rather, through the being and nature of each in its own condition, one of them would mix with its associate in the quality which is contrary to the quality of the other planet.» — y la conclusión que saca para los planetas: su unión no es ninguno de esos casos

«Satum and Mars differ in quality, and they come to be infortunes through what is attributed to each of them due to the excessive quality in corruption.» — el caso de Saturno y Marte, que difieren en cualidad. El troceo imprime *Satum*

«Now, the [l] LOOKING130 of every planet is to the given signs, and there are seven signs: the third sign from it, and the fourth, fifth, seventh, ninth, tenth, and eleventh.» — define el mirar de un planeta y enumera los signos a que alcanza

«And its looking at the eleventh sign, and the third from it, is the aspect of the sextile;132 and at the tenth and fourth sign from it is the aspect of the square; and at the ninth and fifth sign from it is the aspect of the trine, and at the seventh [sign] is the aspect of opposition.» — el reparto de aspectos por signos contados

«And the signs which they do not look at,134 are four: and they are the second from it, and the sixth, eighth, and twelfth: the number of degrees in these four signs is 120°, the degrees equivalent to133 the number of the degrees in the trine.» — y los signos que no se miran, que son cuatro

«So as for the connection by assembly, it is that two planets are direct in motion, in a single sign, and the one of them light in motion is in fewer degrees than the slow one.» — define la conexión por ensamblaje entre un planeta ligero y uno lento

«And if the light one passed by the slow one by one minute or by less than that, then it has already [3] SEPARATED from it.» — define la separación por un minuto de paso

«And if a number of planets united, and they were in a single degree and minute, or they were assembled by degree, then some of them will share in the natures of others;» — el caso de varios planetas unidos en un solo grado

«And as for the connection by aspect in longitude, it is that the planets are in the signs which see each other from the sextiles, squares, trines, or opposition.» — la conexión por aspecto en longitud

«Now as for the connection of the planets with each other by latitude, it is in three ways.» — y la conexión por latitud, en tres modos

«The second way is a connection by opposition, and it is that the two planets are opposing each other and one of them is rising up in the north, and the other coming down in the north (or one of them is rising up in the south and the other is coming down in it), and the degrees of their latitude are the same.» — el segundo modo de conexión por latitud, la oposición con latitudes iguales

«And the strongest blending of their two natures upon separating is before it separates from it by a complete degree).» — y el punto más fuerte de la mezcla al separarse

«For if there are less than 60° (or 90°, or 120°, or 180°) between the light one and heavy one, then the light one connects with the heavy one.» — el criterio de conexión por aspecto según los grados que faltan

«SO And sometimes there is a connection of a planet with one planet in longitude, and with another planet by latitude.» — el caso mixto de conexión en longitud con uno y en latitud con otro

«One of them is from the nature of the degrees of the signs corresponding in ascensions, such as Aries and Pisces, Taurus and Aquarius, Gemini and Capricorn, Cancer and Sagittarius, Leo and Scorpio, and Virgo and Libra.» — el primer tipo de conexión natural, por correspondencia de grados

«And the second type is from the degrees of the signs corresponding in the hours of the day:» — y el segundo, por correspondencia de las horas del día

«And the connection of the planet which is in Gemini with the degree of the planet which is in Capricorn, or the one which is in Sagittarius with the one in Cancer, or the one in Aries with the one in Virgo, or the one in Libra with the one in Pisces, is called a "natural connection by opposition.» — el nombre técnico de la conexión natural por oposición

«Emptiness of COURSE is that a planet separates from the connection of a planet (by assembly or looking), and will not connect with a planet so long as it is in its [current] sign.» — define el vacío de curso

«And that happens mostly to the Moon, even though her connection is made with the lords of the bounds in which she is: so for as long as she is in the bound of a planet, she is counted as being connected with the lord of that bound.» — y su caso más frecuente, la Luna

«One of them is that the light planet separates from the slow one, and then connects with another so that it transfers the nature of the one it is separating from, to the one it connects with.» — el primer tipo de traslado de luz

«And the second is that a light planet connects with a planet slower than itself, and that slow one connects with [yet] anoth-Figure 126: Transfer (VII.S, 83-85) er p|anctj so that the slow planet shifts the nature of the light planet over to the [third] planet which it connects with.» — y el segundo

«COLLECTION is if two planets (or more than that) connect with a single planet, so that it collects their light, and takes up their natures.» — define la recolección de luz

«He collects their light and joins their management through his own activity and significations.» — y lo que el recolector hace con las dos luces

«The first of them is by assembly,172 and it is that three planets are in a single sign, in different degrees, and the heavy one has more degrees than [the Figure 130: Blocking#! (VII.S, 91-92) other] two> so that the middle one blocks the one with the fewest degrees from connecting with the [first] heavy one, until it passes by it.» — el primer tipo de prohibición, por ensamblaje

«Handing OVER NATURE is if a planet connects with the lord of the sign in which it is (or with the lord of its exaltation, the lord of its bound, the lord of its triplicity, or the lord of its face), so that it hands over the nature of that planet to it.» — define la entrega de naturaleza

«Handing OVER POWER is if a planet is in its own house (or exaltation, bound, triplicity, or face), and connects with another planet, so that it hands over its own power to it.» — la entrega de poder

«HANDING OVER TWO NATURES is of two types.» — la entrega de dos naturalezas, en dos tipos

«Handing OVER MANAGEMENT is if a planet connects with a planet (of whatever type the connection is),183 so that it hands over its own management to it.» — y la entrega de gestión

«Now if that was from a sextile or trine, and there was reception between them, that handing over is from harmony;184 and from the assembly, if there was a blending between them, it is also harmony.» — con la condición de armonía por sextil o trígono y recepción

«Now as for its returning with suitability, it is of three types.» — el retorno con conveniencia, en tres tipos

«And as for its returning with corruption, it is of two types.» — y el retorno con corrupción, en dos

«[IS] REVOKING is if a planet is connecting with a planet, but before it reaches it, it retrogrades away from it,194 and its connection is nullified.» — define la revocación

«RESISTANCE196 is if there was a light planet in many degrees, and another planet heavier than it in fewer degrees, and a third planet lighter than that light one wanting a connection with Figure 138: Resistance (VII.S, 118) the heavy one; so that the light one in more degrees goes retrograde and connects with the heavy one through its retrogradation—and then goes past it and there is a connection of that third one (which is lighter than the light one) with this retrograde one (which is heavier than it), not with the heavy one.» — y la resistencia

«And [the first planet] will not cease to have favor for it204 until the planet which had bestowed the favor on it falls into its own well or fall, and the other [planet] connects with it (or it connects with [the other]), and pulls it out of its well or fall: so it lives up to the favor which it had bestowed upon it, and compensates it for that.» — define el favor y su reciprocidad. La llamada a nota va dentro del tramo

«But if the connection is with the lord of the bound, the lord of the triplicity, or the lord of the face alone, it is weak unless it brings together the bound and triplicity, or the bound and face, or the triplicity and face: for that will be a complete reception.» — y la recepción completa por señor del término y de la triplicidad

«And the fortunes receive211 each other due to the moderation of their natures, while Mars and Saturn each receive the other from the assembly, sextile, and trine.» — la recepción entre fortunas por moderación de naturalezas

«Now as for [l] strong reception, the majority of that belongs to the Moon relative to the Sun, because he receives her212 from all signs, since her glow is from him—except that his reception of her from the opposition is detestable.» — la recepción fuerte, que atribuye sobre todo a la Luna

«And a [2] middling reception is the planets' reception of each other from the house, exaltation, bound, triplicity, or face.» — y la recepción media, por término, triplicidad o face

«As for [l] doubled good fortune, it is if a single planet happens to have two of these claims (or more than that): and that is like Mercury if he was in Virgo, for he would have an indication over two good fortunes: the good fortune of the house, and the good fortune of exaltation.» — define la fortuna doblada por concurso de casa y exaltación

«And if the Ascendant was Virgo, he would have four good fortunes; the good fortune of the house, exaltation, bound, and joy.» — y el caso de cuatro fortunas a la vez

«Or it is in the burned path (and that is Libra and Scorpio)—and harsher than that is if it was from 19° Libra up to 3° Scorpio, because those are the fall of the luminaries.» — la vía quemada, Libra y Escorpio, entre las causas de debilidad

«Or if the three superior planets were western relative to the Sun, or they were in the feminine quadrants (and the weakness of the Sun is if he is in the feminine signs or in these two quadrants as well, unless he is in the ninth: for it is his joy).» — la occidentalidad de los tres superiores como debilidad, con la salvedad de la alegría

«They are in the assembly of the infortunes, or in their opposition, square, trine, or sextile, and there are less than the bound of [a single] planet between them and the infortunes.» — el ensamblaje con los infortunios entre las causas de mala fortuna

«And another misfortune is called "enclosure,"237 and it is of two types.» — define el encierro y lo parte en dos tipos

«But if the planet or sign was enclosed by the fortunes, then that is of superior good fortune.» — con su reverso: encerrado por las fortunas es fortuna superior

«And the CORRUPTION OF THE MOON is in 11 ways:» — abre las once causas de corrupción de la Luna

«One of them is if she is eclipsed, and harsher than that is if she is being eclipsed in the sign which she was in at the root of the nativity of a man, or in its trine or square.» — la primera, el eclipse

«The eighth is if she was in the burned path, and that is Libra and Scorpio.» — la octava, la vía quemada

«The tenth is if she was slow in motion, and it is when she goes at less than her mean motion.» — y la décima, la lentitud por debajo de su movimiento medio

«He said: If you wanted to know the casting of the planets' rays, then look at the planet to see in which of the quadrants of the circle it is.» — abre el método de proyección de rayos con la fórmula de cita directa

«All of the masters of the stars have mentioned the casting of the planets' rays,247 although many of them have differed from the others.» — consigna el desacuerdo de los maestros sobre la proyección de rayos

«But as for the opposition, [a planet] casts its ray into the opposition of its sign, in the same degree and minute.» — la regla de la oposición en la proyección de rayos

«thefardar of the Sun is 10 years, thefardar of Venus 8 years, Mercury has 13 years, the Moon 9 years, Saturn 11 years, Jupiter 12 years, Mars 7 years, the Head 3 years, and the Tail 2 years: that is 75 years.» — la tabla de los *fardar*, que el troceo pega como *thefardar*

«As for their mighty ones, the Sun has 1,461 years, Venus 1,151 years, Mercury 480 years, the Moon 520 years, Saturn 265 years, Jupiter 427 years, and Mars 284 years.» — los años poderosos de cada planeta

«As for their greater years, the Sun has 120 years, Venus 82 years, Mercury 76 years, the Moon 108 years, Saturn 57 years, Jupiter 79 years, and Mars 66 years.» — los años mayores

«As for their middle years, the Sun has 39 Vi years, Venus 45 years, Mercury 48 years, the Moon 39 Vi years, Saturn 43 Vi years, Jupiter 45 Vi years, and Mars 40 Vi years.» — los años medios. El troceo imprime las fracciones como *Vi*

«As for their lesser years, the Sun has 19 years, Venus 8 years, Mercury 20 years, the Moon 25 years, Saturn 30 years, Jupiter 12 years, and Mars 15 years.» — y los años menores

«but as for this book of ours we will state what Ptolemy (the author of the Book of Judgments)» — declara seguir a Ptolomeo en la proyección de rayos, y lo nombra autor del Libro de los Juicios. La frase sigue

«As for Saturn, his nature is cooling, drying, black bile, dark, harsh in coarseness; but sometimes it is cooling [and] wet, heavy, stinking air.» — abre el catálogo de significaciones planetarias por Saturno

«As for the Sun, his nature is heating [and] drying.» — y sigue por el Sol

«And he indicates kings, leaders, commanders,286 rulership, nobility, crowds of people, power, a struggle to overcome, fame, brilliance,287 arrogance, an overbearing attitude, vanity,288 self-importance,289 a good reputation, a desire for leadership and assets, and a powerful love of gold.» — las significaciones sociales del Sol

«And he indicates the matter of religion and the hereafter, judges, sages, fathers, middle brothers, the multitude,292 and pure clarity293 in which there is nothing,» — y las religiosas. La frase sigue

«As for Venus, her nature is cooling, wet, phlegmatic, temperate, a fortune.» — la entrada de Venus

«She indicates women, the mother, younger sisters, cleanliness, clothing, ornaments,2^ gold and silver, graciousness towards296 close friends,297 conceit, vanity, haughtiness, boasting, the love of wealth298 and entertainment, laughter, adornment, joy, delight, dancing, playing horns, plucking the strings of the oud, weddings, perfume and good-smelling things, gentleness in composing melodies, playing backgammon and chess, idleness, casting off [restraint],299 going too far [in what is bad],300 buffoonery, occupying oneself with men and children in fornication, and every male or female fornicator,301 or male or female singer, or one playing types of instruments; and much swearing of oaths (and lying), wine, honey, drinking sweet intoxicants,302 having sex in various ways, as well as intercourse in the rear and lesbianism.» — y la lista de sus significaciones, que llega hasta las prácticas sexuales

«23 As for Mercury, his nature inclines to the natures of the planets and signs he mixes with, [although] an equal balance of dryness and coldness is in him.» — la entrada de Mercurio, cuya naturaleza hace depender de con quién se junte

«25 And he indicates divinity, revelation to prophets, reason, logic, speech, reports, rumors and heeding them, science, belief, a good education, intelligence, cleverness, debate, the humanities,308 philosophy, foreknowledge, calculation, surveying, the measurements of [both] higher and earthly things, the science of the stars, prediction,309 tracking [signs],310 augury,3" omens, augury by birds, skill in matters, wisdom, obscure books, linguistic style, eloquence, pleasantness of speech and its quickness of exposition,312 occupying oneself with the sciences, a craving for leadership and fame in them, reputation and praise because of them, and competition in them, in all things.» — las significaciones intelectuales y proféticas de Mercurio

«26 And he indicates writing poetry, writers,315 government agencies, the land-tax,314 injustices, slander, lying, falsehood, forged books, and an awareness of hidden secrets.» — y las de la escritura y el secreto

«33 And as for the Moon, she is the luminary of the night, and her nature» — la entrada de la Luna como luminaria de la noche. La frase sigue

«35 And she indicates women who have nobility, and marriage, every pregnant woman, upbringing and its conditions, mothers, maternal aunts, wet-nurses, and older sisters; and messengers, the postal service, reports, runaways, and lying and slander; [such a man is]326 a king with kings, a slave with slaves, and with every man he is like his nature; very forgetful, cowardly, without guile,327 cheerful towards people, honored among them, [but then] cast out from them, not concealing his secret.» — sus significaciones sobre mujeres, matrimonio y embarazo

«The ancients among the masters of the profession of the stars universally mentioned the Lots, and we have not seen any of those who have preceded (of the people of this profession) who did not mention their power in the inception of works and their outcomes, in nativities and the revolutions of their years, and the revolutions of the years of the world.» — abre el libro VIII con el uso universal de los *Lots* entre los antiguos

«And it got to the point in the practice of some of them that if one wanted to look into some specific matter (like assets, siblings, children, or of the rest of the matters), he would not look at that house nor at its lord, nor at the conditions of the rest of the planets relating to them,2 but he would look at the Lot of that matter, and at its position, and the lord of its house, and would make a judgment about everything he wanted to from that very meaning.» — y el extremo a que llegó esa práctica en algunos

«S But as for the reason for deriving the Lots, there is evident proof among those who understand the indications of the planets, and that is in two ways.» — las dos razones que da para derivar los *Lots*

«One of them is that when the planets get close to each other, and when they assemble with one another, or one of them is distanced from its associate by the amount of 1° (or less or more), a mixture and an indication over good or bad accrues to it from that, differently from what it would have indicated at another time.» — la primera, la ambigüedad de dos planetas cercanos

«But sometimes what is indicated by these indicators is in doubt, because sometimes a single matter will have two indicators, one of them nocturnal and the other diurnal; or one of them will be stronger in indication than the other one; or one of them will be an indicator over the beginning, and the other an indicator over [its] completion: so their indication is in doubt.» — y la duda que de ahí nace

«it is made clear to us that the position of the Lot is not known except by means of three indicators:» — la regla de composición del *Lot*: tres indicadores

«And as for the third, changing indicator, the degrees are projected from that.» — y el papel del tercero, del que se proyectan los grados

«So because of that they said, "Take what is between such-and-such a planet, to such-and-such a planet, in equal10 signs, degrees, and minutes, and cast it out from the degree of the Ascendant (or from other places, or from one of the planets), thirty [degrees] per sign, and wherever it falls, there is the Lot by degree and minute."» — con la fórmula operativa que cita en boca de los antiguos

«And the second thing is because the Ascendant is an indicator of bodies and inceptions, so because of that it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — la razón de proyectar desde el Ascendente

«Now as for their using equal degrees with the Lots, they did that because the planets circle around on the axis of the circle of signs» — y la razón de usar grados iguales. La frase sigue

«Now as for the number of Lots in the first category, there are 7: a Lot for each of the stars quick in motion, and each Lot is named after its planet.» — la primera categoría, los siete planetarios

«And as for the number of Lots in the second category (and they are the well-known Lots used in the twelve houses, which the ancients agree on), there are 80 Lots.» — y la segunda, de ochenta

«many of the ancients did disagree on the derivation of some of them, but we will discuss that in its own place.» — consigna el desacuerdo de los antiguos sobre la derivación de algunos

«Know that the authenticated Lots which the ancients of the people of P» — abre el censo de los *Lots* autenticados. El tramo se corta en el salto de plana

«And due to this, the ancients said the distance between the two indicators is taken by degrees of equality, then it is added on top of what has ascended from the beginning of the sign of» — la fórmula de proyección que atribuye a los antiguos. La frase sigue

«And everything which is taken by degrees in the use of the Lots, is in equal degrees.» — y la regla de que todo cálculo de *Lots* va en grados iguales

«So since the Sun is the luminary of the day and the Moon the luminary of the night, they began this Lot by day from the diurnal fortune (which is the Sun) up to the fortune of the night (which is the Moon) by degrees of equality, and by night from the Moon (the nocturnal one) to the Sun (the diurnal one).» — la razón de invertir de noche el *Lot* de Fortuna

«And this Lot has precedence over the [other] Lots in the way that the Sun has precedence in glow over the [other] planets; and it is the highest, most noble of the Lots.» — declara al *Lot* de Fortuna el más noble

«And we have put this to the test, and found it [to be so], though sometimes it falls close to that place.» — y consigna una comprobación propia, con la reserva de que a veces solo cae cerca

«This Lot is called the "Lot of the Invisible," and it comes after the Lot of Fortune: its characteristic indication is for the body and soul and their conditions, and religion and prophethood,44 and piety4S and devotion, and secrets, thought, the inner conscience, and hidden, concealed things, things» — define el *Lot* de lo Invisible. La frase sigue

«And this Lot and the Lot of Fortune are the most excellent of all the Lots, and the clearest in indication over every absent or present thing, and the inception of works and things sought, the revolutions of the years of the world» — y los pone a los dos por encima de los demás. La frase sigue

«By day the Lot of Fortune is more evident in indication, and after that the Lot of the Invisible; while by night the Lot of the Invisible is more evident in indication, and after that the Lot of Fortune.» — con la regla de precedencia por secta

«And its indication is for preservation, depth of thought, religion, piety, and leading an ascetic life in religion, and everything which has gone astray, was stolen, ran away, or fell into a well or the sea, or has died, and the condition of the dead, and how the death will be, and the conditions of lands and their sowing, and building and repairs, and difficult straits, greed and stinginess, good praise and bad, evil, old age, and burdens, and every thing which is in fetters or prison, and its rescue from those fetters and prison.» — y lo que ese *Lot* indica

«Since the indicator of victory, prosperity, aid, and praised outcomes is Jupiter, and all of these are good fortunes, they said [4] the Lot of Jupiter (comprising prosperity and aid) is taken by day from the Lot of the Invisible (indicative ofgood fortune) to Jupiter (indicative of prosperity and aid), and by night the contrary, and to it is added the degrees of the Ascendant, and it is cast out from the Ascendant: so where the calculation comes to an end, there is this Lot.» — la derivación del *Lot* de Júpiter

«And it indicates management, valor, risk-taking, courage, strength, daring, and severity, rudeness, coarseness, crossing the line,53 haste, killing, robbery, foul works, debauchery, cunning, and deception.» — las significaciones del *Lot* de Marte, con sus dos caras

«And it indicates passion, a desire for intercourse, affection, and seeking what the soul is fond of and delights in, and love is strengthened by it, and all matters of sex and spouses, and familiarity, amusement, pleasure, and pleasantness.» — las del *Lot* de Venus

«The Lot of Mercury (and it is the Lot of poverty and few stratagems) is taken by day from the Lot of the Invisible to the Lot of Fortune (and by night the contrary), and to it is added what has ascended from the beginning of the sign of the Ascendant, and it is cast out from the Ascendant, and where the calculation comes to an end, there is this Lot.» — y la derivación del *Lot* de Mercurio, que llama de la pobreza

«But this is not correct, because what we stated at the beginning about the derivation of these Lots is that it is derived from the natural indicators', and this is what Hermes and the predecessors among the scholars of the stars agree on (and it is preferable), [so this other view] does not harmonize with the ancients in terms of truth and correctness.» — niega una identificación ajena de los *Lots* del Sol y de la Luna

«Many of the masters of the stars, when they found two Lots for a single topic in any of the houses of the circle, and one of the two was in conflict with its associated one in derivation, it appeared obscure to them so they did not know which of the two was more correct—but we will comment on that and make it clear in this book» — consigna qué hacían los maestros ante dos *Lots* para una misma cosa. La frase sigue

«And when we studied the conditions of the Lots, we found many Lots which were derived without valid grounds, so we have not stated them in this book.» — y declara por escrito lo que deja fuera del libro

«And know that each of the houses of the circle is given out to different things, just as the fourth sign is given out to fathers, real estate, and outcomes, and the fifth sign to children, messengers, and gifts, and likewise the rest of the twelve houses, each house among them having indications over specific things attributed to it: and many of those things have Lots.» — la razón por la que cada casa tiene varios *Lots*

«And indeed here we will proceed directly to stating the well-known Lots belonging to the indications of the twelve houses, [for] each house what is attributed to it (among» — declara el plan del capítulo. La frase sigue

«But we have left out comments about the reason for deriving some of them, because we know that there will be enough for those having understanding and management, in what we make clear and explain: for when the knowledgeable man understands the reason for any of the Lots of the houses of the circle, the reason for the rest of the Lots of that house will be evident to him.» — y lo que deja sin comentar, con su motivo

«We begin now with the derivation of the Lot of the Ascendant (and it is the Lot of life) from two planets, which are Saturn and Jupiter: because they are the highest of the planets and the most sluggish in course, and they are both indicators of the length of lifespans, survival, and lasting things.» — abre por el *Lot* del Ascendente

«It is a Lot of the Ascendant, and this Lot indicates natural life and the conditions of bodies as well as the means of subsistence.» — y lo que indica

«Since Mercury is indicative of logic, thought, discrimination, and speech, and Mars is the indicator of fervor and movement,73 they calculated the Lot of logic and reason by day from Mercury to Mars (and by night the contrary), and cast it out from the Ascendant.» — la derivación del *Lot* del entendimiento desde Mercurio

«Since the indicator of the native's assets is the second and its lord, they derived the Lot of assets from them both, and said the Lot of assets is taken by day and night from the lord of the house of assets to the degree of the house of assets by equation,79 and to it is added the degrees of the Ascendant, and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — y la del *Lot* de los bienes desde la casa segunda

«And this Lot indicates the condition of found wealth which a man finds on the road or in any [other] places, and it indicates what falls from him or which he forgets in a place.» — el *Lot* del hallazgo, que cubre también lo que se pierde u olvida

«Since Saturn indicates everything which goes astray, falls, is stolen,» — la derivación del *Lot* de Saturno desde lo que Saturno indica. La frase sigue

«Hermes and all of the predecessors among the scholars said that the Lot of siblings is taken by day and night from Saturn to Jupiter by degrees of equality, and to it is added what has arisen of the sign of the Ascendant, and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — el *Lot* de los hermanos, atribuido a Hermes y a todos los predecesores

«The second is [IS] the LOT OF THE NUMBER OF SIBLINGS.89» — el rótulo del *Lot* del número de hermanos, con las versalitas del impreso

«The third is [16] the LOT OF THE DEATH OF SIBLINGS.» — y el del *Lot* de la muerte de los hermanos

«Since the father is prior to the child, and Saturn has an indication for what precedes, and masculinization and such, so that he has an indication for the causes by which fatherhood comes to be (and indeed the father is the cause of every child), and the planet indicative of the causes of the life of a living being is the Sun,» — la derivación del *Lot* del padre desde Saturno y el Sol. La frase sigue

«But what Hermes said is correct, because Saturn and Jupiter are more indicative of siblings due to the closeness of their spheres, their mixing, and their indication for siblings and childbirth; and [indeed] the ancients in some times called Saturn the "brother of Jupiter," and in some places they called Jupiter the "son of Saturn."» — y la preferencia por Hermes, con el motivo de que llamaban a Júpiter hijo de Saturno

«And this Lot indicates the reason for the death of the fathers.» — el *Lot* de la muerte de los padres

«Now, Theophilus claimed that the Lot of children is taken by day and night from Jupiter to Saturn," but the first Lot which Hermes and all of the ancients stated, is more correct.» — consigna la versión de Teófilo del *Lot* de los hijos y prefiere la de los antiguos

«And this Lot is consulted for whether or not the man will have children; so if this Lot and its lord were in a fertile sign, he will have many children; and if it was in a sterile sign, he will not have children; but if it was in a sign of few children, he will have few children.» — y para qué se consulta ese *Lot*

«But some of the Persians said that the Lot of male children is taken by day from the Moon to Saturn, and by night the contrary, and it is cast out» — recoge la versión persa del *Lot* de los hijos varones. La frase sigue

«But the correct way to derive the Lot of male children is what Hermes said (and it is taken from the Moon to Jupiter), because Jupiter is more indicative of male children than Saturn is.» — y arbitra a favor de Hermes con su razón

«Since the Moon has the indication of youth and feminization, and Venus has the indication of coldness and wetness, and female children, Hermes said the Lot of female children is taken by day and night from Moon to Venus, and to it are added the degrees of the Ascendant, and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — la derivación del *Lot* de las hijas desde la Luna y Venus

«And Theophilus said it is taken by day from the Moon to Venus and by night the contrary, and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — con la versión divergente de Teófilo al lado

«Since pains, emaciation, and chronic illness are from an excess of heat, dryness, cold, and wetness, and from their dominating and gaining superiority, and heat and dryness belong to Mars, and wetness and cold belong to Saturn, for this reason they attributed all ailments and illnesses to these two planets, and said the Lot of illness, defects, and chronic illness is taken by day from Saturn to Mars (and by night the contrary), and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — y la derivación del *Lot* de la enfermedad

«Hermes and the ancients said that the Lot of slaves is taken by day and night from Mercury to the Moon, and it is cast out from the Ascendant, and wherever it comes to an end, there is this Lot.» — el *Lot* de los esclavos, atribuido a Hermes y a los antiguos

«But Theophilus said this Lot is taken to the contrary by night.» — con la divergencia de Teófilo

«And Zadanfarrukh [al-Andarzaghar] and others besides him claimed that the Lot of slaves is taken by day from Mercury to the Lot of Fortune (and by night the contrary), and it is cast out from the Ascendant,107 but the first one which Hermes stated, is more correct.» — y la de Zadanfarruj, que el texto identifica entre corchetes con al-Andarzagar

«Since Saturn has the indication of what has precedence, and masculinization,1" and Venus has the indication of feminization, and every male precedes the female by the nature of masculinization and action, Hermes calculated the Lot of partners for men by day and night from Saturn to Venus, and added to it the degrees of the Ascendant, and projected it from the Ascendant.» — la derivación del *Lot* del matrimonio de los hombres

«And in the indication of [36] the Lot of men's cunning and deception towards women, it indicates that if the position of this Lot was excellent, or it was in the sign of stratagems and cunning,"4 then the man will deceive whatever woman he wants to; and if it was corrupt, he will not be able to deceive any woman.» — el *Lot* del engaño de los hombres

«And in the indication of [37] the Lot of men's intercourse with women, if this Lot was in a sign of sexual intercourse,116 made unfortunate, the man will have much sex, be debauched, a fornicator; and if it was in a sign of sex [but] made fortunate, he will have much sex in praiseworthy ways.» — y el del trato sexual, con su lado laudable

«if it was in a sign of sexual intercourse,120 made unfortunate, then she will be a whore, an adulteress, corrupted, debauched;» — el juicio sobre la mujer que la obra hace depender del signo y de la fortuna del *Lot*

«Since the Moon is the indicator of bodies, and the eighth house is an indicator of death and ruin, and Saturn is an indicator of passing away, perdition, destruction, distress, sorrow, weeping, mourning, and worry, Hermes granted these three indicators the indication of death, and said the Lot of death is taken by day and night from the degree of the Moon to the degree of the eighth house by equation,128 and to it is added what Saturn has traveled in his sign, and it is cast out from the beginning of Saturn's sign, and wherever it comes to an end, there is this Lot.» — la derivación del *Lot* de la muerte desde la Luna y la casa octava

«And some of the Persians said regarding the Lot of death that it is taken by day from Mars to Saturn (and by night the contrary), and it is cast out from the Ascendant; but the first Lot which Hermes stated is more correct, because he derived it from the indicators which indicate death in a natural way.» — con la versión persa al lado, sin arbitrar

«Since the lord of the Ascendant indicates the soul, and the Moon indicates the body, and when the soul and body are mixed in a temperate way they will remain harmonized for a long time (and when they differ, the body is destroyed), they said the Lot of the killing planet is taken by day from the degree of the lord of the Ascendant to the degree of the Moon (and by night the contrary), and it is cast out from the Ascendant, and where it runs out, there is this Lot.» — la derivación del *Lot* del modo de morir

«Since Saturn is the indicator of cold, death, passing away, and calamities, and likewise the degree of the meeting and opposition, they calculated the Lot of calamity from these two positions, and said the Lot of the year in which death, calamity, want, harm, and hardship are feared for the native, is taken by day and night from Saturn to the lord of the house of the meeting (or to <the lord of> the house of the opposition) which was before the native's birth, and to it are added the degrees of the Ascendant, and it is cast out from the Ascendant, and wherever it reaches, there is this Lot.» — la del *Lot* de la calamidad, desde Saturno

«And this Lot indicates knowledge, meditation, deliberateness, and patience: so if this Lot was in the inspection of Saturn and Jupiter, received by them both (or one of them), and it was in the inspection of the lord of the Ascendant, then he will be a companion of patience and deliberateness, endurance, reason, and meditation.» — el *Lot* del conocimiento y la meditación

«And they said the Lot of exaltation is taken by day from the Sun to the degree of his exaltation (which is the completion of150 19° of Aries), and by night from the degree of the Moon to the completion of 3° of Taurus, and to it is added what has arisen of the Ascendant, and it is cast out from the Ascendant» — el *Lot* de la exaltación, en boca ajena

«And if the indicators of this Lot were looking at it or were with it, in one of the excellent combinations, then the native will belong to his [generally] recognized father; and if it was the contrary of that, then to another besides his [recognized] father.» — lo que este *Lot* indica sobre la paternidad reconocida

«And this Lot indicates authority, rank, power, and which work the native does, and which trade he applies his hand to, and whether or not he will earn money and be blessed by works of authority and trades.» — el *Lot* de la autoridad y el oficio

«The Lot of business according to what some of the Persians said, is taken by day from the Lot of the Invisible to the Lot of Fortune (and by night the contrary), and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — el del comercio, atribuido a algunos persas

«The twelfth is [73] the LOT OF THE MOTHER, taken by day from Venus to the Moon (and by night the contrary), and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — el *Lot* de la madre, tomado desde Venus

«And indeed, we have put the Lot of the mother in the tenth sign, because the tenth sign indicates the conditions of mothers due to its opposition to the house of fathers.» — con la razón por la que lo pone en el signo décimo

«Since the Lot of Fortune and the Lot of the Invisible are the most noble of the Lots, and they are both indicative of nobility and elevation, the Lot of nobility is calculated from them both: and they said the Lot of nobility is taken by day from the Lot of Fortune to the Lot of the Invisible (and by night the contrary), and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — y la derivación del *Lot* de la nobleza desde los dos *Lots* mayores

«The Lot of travel is taken by day and night from the lord of the ninth house137 to the degree of the house of the ninth by equation,138 and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — el *Lot* del viaje, desde el señor de la casa novena

«The Lot of those who work with their own hands, and businesses, is taken by day from Mercury to Venus (and by night the contrary), and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — el de quienes trabajan con sus manos

«The Lot of a work and matter which there is no escaping having to deal with it, is taken by day from the Sun to Jupiter (and by night the contrary), and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — el de la obra ineludible

«The Lot of agriculture and cultivation is taken by day and night from Venus to Satum, and it is cast out from the Ascendant, and where it comes to an end, there is this Lot.» — el *Lot* de la agricultura

«The Lot of the outcomes of affairs is taken by day and night from Saturn to the lord of the house of the meeting (if the native was conjunctional) or to the lord of the opposition (if the native was oppositional), and to it is added the degrees of the Ascendant, and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — y el de los desenlaces de los asuntos

«The Lot of prisoners and fetters is taken by day from the lord of the house of the Sun to the Sun, and by night from the lord of the house of the Moon to the Moon, and is cast from the Ascendant, and wherever it comes to an end, there is this Lot.» — el *Lot* de los presos y las cadenas

«The Lot of contentions and contenders is taken by day from Mars to Jupiter (and by night the contrary),12> and is cast out from the Ascendant.» — el *Lot* de los pleitos

«The Lot of in-laws is taken by day and night from Saturn to Venus, and to it are added the degrees of the Ascendant, and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — y el de los parientes por matrimonio

«The Lot of a report, as to whether it is true or false, is taken by day and night from Mercury to the Moon, and it is cast out from the Ascendant. 272 And this Lot matches» — el *Lot* que juzga si una noticia es verdadera o falsa, con el número de frase siguiente dentro del tramo

«The Lot of soldiering and conscription is taken by day from Mars to Saturn (and by night the contrary), and it is cast out from the Ascendant. 304 And» — el *Lot* del servicio de armas

«The Lot of entanglement and hardship is taken by day from Saturn to Mercury (and by night the contrary), and it is cast out from the Ascendant. 246» — el *Lot* del enredo y la dureza. El tramo llega hasta el número de frase siguiente, para distinguirlo de la repetición abreviada de VIII.6

«The Lot of a man who is loved among the people (or hated) is taken by day from the Lot of Fortune to the Lot of the Invisible (and by night the contrary), and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — el *Lot* del hombre amado u odiado por la gente

«The Lot of being known among the people, respected, [and] being concerned with their needs, is taken by day from the Lot of Fortune to the Sun (and by night the contrary), and it is cast out from the Ascendant, and wherever it comes to an end, there is this Lot.» — el de ser conocido y respetado

«The Lot of success is taken by day from the Lot of Fortune to Jupiter (and by night the contrary), and it is cast out from the Ascendant, and where it falls, there is the Lot.» — el del éxito

«And of course people have claimed that the Lot of hope is derived like [34] the Lot of men's marriage according to Hermes is; but they are in error.» — niega la derivación que otros dan al *Lot* de la esperanza

«The Lot of compulsion is taken by day and night from the Lot of the Invisible to Mercury, and is cast out from the Ascendant, and where it comes to an end, there is this Lot.» — el *Lot* de la compulsión

«The seventh is [80] the LOT OF FRIENDS.» — el rótulo del *Lot* de los amigos, en versalitas

«And Hermes claimed concerning the Lot of enemies that it is taken by day and night from the lord of the house of enemies to the degree of the house of enemies, and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — y el *Lot* de los enemigos según Hermes

«And this Lot is directed just as one directs the releasers, degree by degree, and it is turned177 in the signs, sign by sign: so when it terminates at the infortunes, it indicates calamity.» — la regla de dirección aplicada a ese *Lot*

«Now sometimes, many of the scholars of the stars would find a man whom a bad calamity had afflicted in one of the times, but they would not find any of the releasers having reaching the positions of the infortunes at that time, nor would that calamity have an obvious indication in the revolution of that year, so they were not aware of the reason for it.» — consigna que muchos estudiosos veían el efecto sin conocer su causa

«The Lot of the exhaustion of bodies (that is, one whose body is worn out) is taken by day from the Lot of Fortune to Mars, and by night the contrary, and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — el del agotamiento de los cuerpos

«Since the indicator of cunning, deception, and stratagems, as well as outwitting,185 malice, misdeeds,186 slyness, and what resembles that category, is Mercury, and indeed all of these things are of the condition of the soul—and the indication for the conditions of the soul belongs to the Lot of the Invisible—they calculated this Lot from them both, and said the Lot of cunning, deception, and stratagems is taken by day from Mercury to the Lot of the Invisible (and by night the contrary), and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — y la derivación del *Lot* de la astucia

«And everything we state in this chapter concerning the derivation of the Lots, are the Lots which our predecessors (among the scholars of the stars) agreed on and saw as being correct—but we will leave off anything else about the Lots in which they disagreed, and which was stated by people who do not understand the natures of the planets.» — abre VIII.6, la repetición abreviada de todos los *Lots*, y declara su criterio

«The Lot of life is taken by day from Jupiter to Saturn (and by night the contrary), and it is added to the degrees of the Ascendant and cast out from the Ascendant.» — el *Lot* de la vida en la forma abreviada de VIII.6

«The Lot of logic and reason is taken by day from Mercury to Mars (and by night the contrary), and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — el de la lógica y la razón

«The Lot of assets is taken by day and night from the lord of the house of assets to the degree and minute of the house of assets by equation, and to it is added the degrees of the Ascendant, and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — el de los bienes

«The Lot of loaning is taken by day and night from Saturn to Mercury, and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — el del préstamo

«The Lot of found wealth is taken by day from Mercury to Venus (and by night the contrary), and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — el del hallazgo

«The Lot of fathers is taken by day from the Sun to Saturn (and by night the contrary), and to it is added the degrees of the Ascendant, and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — y el de los padres

«To Saturn belongs the Lot of fetters and prison, and whether one would be rescued from it or not, taken by day from Saturn to the degree of the Lot of Fortune (and by night the contrary), and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — el reparto de los siete *Lots* planetarios empieza por Saturno

«But if Satum was under the rays, it is taken by day from the Sun to Jupiter (and by night from Jupiter to the Sun), and to it is added the degrees of the Ascendant, and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — con la variante para Saturno bajo los rayos. El troceo imprime *Satum*

«The Lot of suffering is taken by day and night from the Lot of the Invisible to the Lot of Fortune, and is cast out from the Ascendant. 379» — el *Lot* del sufrimiento, con el número de frase siguiente dentro del tramo para distinguirlo de la repetición abreviada de VIII.6

«The Lot of horsemanship and courage is taken by day from Saturn to the Moon (and by night the contrary), and it is cast out from the Ascendant.181 12» — el *Lot* de la equitación y el valor, con la llamada a nota y el número de frase dentro del tramo

«The Ascendant: it has 3 Lots 17 [8] The Lot of life is taken by day from Jupiter to Saturn» — el encabezado de la tabla abreviada de VIII.6, casa por casa, con la primera entrada del Ascendente

«The Lot of immovable properties and estates according to Hermes, is taken by day <and night>202 from Saturn to the Moon, and to it is added the degrees of the Ascendant, and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — el de los bienes raíces según Hermes

«The Lot of immovable properties according to some of the Persians is taken by day from Mercury to Jupiter (and by night the contrary), and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — y su versión persa al lado, sin arbitrar

«The Lot of illness, defects, and chronic illness according to Hermes, is taken by day from Saturn to Mars (and by night the contrary), and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — el de la enfermedad según Hermes

«The Lot of men's marriage according to Hermes is taken by day and night from Saturn to Venus, and to it is added the degrees of the Ascendant, and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — el del matrimonio de los hombres según Hermes

«The Lot of men's marriage according to Valens is taken by day and night from the Sun to Venus, and to it is added the degrees of the Ascendant, and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — y el mismo según Valente, consignados los dos

«The Lot of women's marriage according to Hermes is taken by day and night from Venus to Saturn, and to it is added the degrees of the Ascendant, and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — el del matrimonio de las mujeres según Hermes

«The Lot of women's marriage according to Valens is taken by day and night from the Moon to Mars, and to it is added the degrees of the Ascendant, and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — y su versión según Valente

«The Lot of death is taken by day and night from the degree of the Moon to the degree of the eighth house by equation, and it is added to what Saturn has traveled in his sign, and it is cast out from the beginning of Saturn's sign.» — el *Lot* de la muerte en la forma abreviada

«The Lot of traveling by water is taken by day from Saturn to 15° Cancer (and by night from 15° Cancer to Saturn), and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — el del viaje por agua

«The Lot of piety is taken by day from the Moon to Mercury (and by night the contrary), and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — el de la piedad

«The Lot of authority, aid, and conquering, is taken by day from the Sun to Saturn, and by night the contrary (but if Saturn was under the rays, then take by day from the Sun to Jupiter and by night the contrary); and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — el de la autoridad y la victoria

«The Lot of enemies according to Hermes is taken by day and night from the lord of the house of enemies to the degree of the house of enemies,205 and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — el de los enemigos según Hermes

«The Lot of enemies according to some of the ancients is taken by day and night from Saturn to Mars, and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — y el mismo según algunos antiguos, consignadas las dos derivaciones

«So examine the examples of these Lots, for even if they coincide in [their] derivation and the position in which they occur, the judgment about one of the two may be contrary to the judgment about the other: and that is due to the difference of their categories.» — advierte que dos *Lots* pueden coincidir en posición y diferir en juicio por su categoría

«But we left off looking at what the lord of the house of the Lot indicates (and [the lord of] its exaltation, bound, triplicity, and face), and who among the planets is assembling with it or who is looking at it, and where its position in the circle is, because each one of these indications has a particular character, and we will discuss them in every place where a mention of it is needed, in our books.» — declara por escrito lo que deja fuera del libro y remite a sus otros libros

«But the primary one of the two indicators for a Lot is the planet in whose house the Lot occurred.» — fija cuál es el indicador primario de un *Lot*

«And know that the Lot which has a single indicator,2" is strengthened if its indicator looks at it.» — la regla de fuerza del *Lot* con un solo indicador

«And the Lot which has three indicators213 is the strongest it could be if all of its indicators looked at it—and if the three indicators looked at the Lot, then the Lot's the power will be complete, and all of them will be equal in the indication.» — y la del que tiene tres, que declara la más fuerte

«But if some of the indicators looked at the Lot, and some did not look, the Lot will be decreased in strength from [that] complete indication.» — con la corrección cuando solo parte de los indicadores lo miran

«For example, if the Lot of Fortune was in Cancer, then the Moon would be the primary indicator, because she is used in the calculation and also rules the Lot.» — el ejemplo del *Lot* de Fortuna en Cáncer

«The Book of Introduction authored by Abu Ma'shar the astrologer, is ended; and praise be to God, the Lord of the Worlds, and the prayers of God be upon Muhammad the Prophet and upon his family, in much peace.» — el colofón del libro, que vuelve a nombrar al autor y cierra con la doxología

«Now if the position of the Lot and the two [planetary] indicators is known, and you wanted to know the degree of the Ascendant, then take from the first indicator to the second indicator by equal degrees, and cast out what is gathered together from the degree in which the Lot is, [but] from the end of the sign towards its beginning,22 * 1 and wherever the calculation runs out, there is the degree of the Ascendant.» — la operación inversa: conocidos el *Lot* y los dos indicadores, hallar el grado del Ascendente

«And if three positions were known and the position of the first indicator was unknown, then take from the third indicator to the Lot (in the successive order of signs), cast out what is brought together from the degree of the second indicator, from the end of the sign towards its beginning, and wherever it runs out, there is the degree of the first indicator.» — y su variante para el primer indicador

«So we cast it out backwards from the degree of the Lot, and it runs out in Gemini, in 15°: so we know that the Ascendant was Gemini, in that number» — el ejemplo numérico con que la ilustra. La frase sigue

«47 And what does not belong to the form nor to the nature inevitably has a cause, and its cause is the celestial power.» — el principio que cierra I.4: lo que no viene de la forma ni de la naturaleza tiene por causa la potencia celeste

«16 So he does not repel the generation of the heat or cold, nor the falling of the rain, but when he has advance knowledge of its times by experience, he will use clever means for repelling the unpleasantness of that thing from himself.» — acota qué repele la previsión: no el calor ni la lluvia, sino su molestia

«2 Chapter II.2: It is stated why twelve images were made more fundamental in indication, than the rest of the images of the sphere.» — el índice interno del libro II, en el cuerpo y no en la tabla de contenidos

«1 18 Then they assigned these 1,022 stars to 48 images, and called each one of these images by a name which was agreed upon among the ancients.» — el reparto de las mil veintidós estrellas en cuarenta y ocho imágenes, con nombres acordados entre los antiguos

«42 And 346 stars are in the twelve images in the path of the Sun: 43 The first of these is [#22] the image of the Lamb.» — la cuenta de las estrellas de las doce imágenes del camino del Sol

«30 To Scorpio came the indication over the condition of coldness and wetness which subtracts from moderation, and over all changing water in which there is saltiness, and a small alteration in taste [away] from what nourishes, and which some animals benefit from but others are not nourished by nor do they benefit from it.» — la asignación de Escorpio: frío y humedad que restan a la moderación, con el agua salobre

«4 For when hotness acts in wetness, from them both there is motion, generation, growth, and life: and this harmonizes with the nature of air.» — el argumento por el que la primera cuaterna corresponde al aire: calor sobre humedad da movimiento y vida

«18 And when the Sun alights in the first point of Capricorn, the air is altered by the cold and wetness, and the day begins to increase and the night to decrease, until the Sun has traversed three signs (and they are Capricorn, Aquarius, and Pisces).» — el tramo de Capricornio a Piscis, con el aire alterado por frío y humedad

«S So we know that the beginning in the number of the signs is from Aries, because the increase of the day is what begins at the Sun's alighting in the beginning of Aries, and its endpoint is when the Sun passes into the beginning of Cancer (and this is the end of the season of spring, and the beginning of summer).» — la razón por la que la cuenta de los signos empieza en Aries

«39 Thus the quarters of the circle have now become clear to us, and the convertible, fixed, and double-bodied signs, and their number, and their beginning, and the sequence of their natures and triplicities.» — el balance con que cierra II.7

«2 Chapter III.2: On the definition of the "judgments of the stars," "astrologer," and into which matter he looks.» — el índice interno del libro III

«S And indeed, that comes to be because of the strength of the water's movement and the intensity of its current, not from the indication of the Moon: so the period of the flow comes to be long for this reason.» — atribuye el alargamiento del flujo a la fuerza de la corriente y no a la Luna

«27 And that is when there are 90° between the Moon and the Sun, and there is one-half of the glow in the body of the Moon: for at that time the decrease of the flow will reach its endpoint due to this indication.» — el mínimo del flujo en la cuadratura de la Luna con el Sol

«72 For when it is at that time, the flow which is by day is close in strength to the flow which is by night (with respect to this indication), and the length of their periods are close to equal.» — el caso en que el flujo diurno y el nocturno se igualan

«14 And indeed that comes to be in lakes and islands, and in the estuaries of the seas which are cut off from the sea.» — y dónde ocurre: lagos, islas y esteros cortados del mar

«51 Now, one wanting [to reach] China will cut across the eastern Indian Sea and circle around it until he passes over to China.» — la ruta marítima a China dentro de la digresión geográfica

«2 Chapter IV.2: On the natures of the planets, and their fortunes and infortunes <and what is blended of them>,2 according to what the generality of the masters of the stars stated.» — el índice interno del libro IV, con la fórmula que remite a los maestros de los astros

«16 As for the two principles which have colors and tastes, they are water and earth: for the color of water is the white and its taste sweetness, while the color of earth is a dusty color and dullness, and its taste bitterness.» — los dos principios con color y sabor, agua y tierra

«15 And [3a] the particularization of the different species among the genera, and [3b] the composition of the four natures in the individuals of the species, is by means of the strengths of the motions of the planets, by the permission of God.» — la particularización de especies y composiciones por la fuerza de los movimientos planetarios

«IS Now if Mars was like that relative to the Sun in the season of winter, without the planets' looking at them, that winter will be warm, short, and gales of southern winds will be abundant.» — el pronóstico para el invierno con Marte solo. El troceo imprime el número de frase como *IS*

«20 As for Mercury, if he mixed with the Sun in one of the seasons of the year, and no planet is looking at them, then the air of that season will have much variation, and changes by winds and part of the dry which is of the genus of wind—except that it will not reduce the nature of moderation of that season.» — y el pronóstico para Mercurio mezclado con el Sol

«87 Thus at a single time he would indicate, for one of them, something of good or bad fortune contrary to what he would indicate for the other.» — un mismo planeta indicando a la vez fortuna para uno e infortunio para otro

«[Apogee and elemental principles] 4 So as for Saturn, we have already stated that what is found from his indication in this world is excessive cold, and indeed an excess of cold comes to be through the dry: so Saturn by his nature is cooling and drying.» — la naturaleza de Saturno, fría y seca, con el encabezado editorial entre corchetes dentro del tramo

«37 In the second quarter of the month her nature comes to be heating and drying, and the nature inherent to her in this quarter is the hotness.» — la naturaleza de la Luna en el segundo cuarto del mes

«47 And of course other conditions happen to the planets so that they increase or decrease in the indication of their heat, cold, dryness, or wetness.» — acota la doctrina de las cualidades: otras condiciones aumentan o disminuyen la indicación

«15 And that is because [l] the easternizing, appearing planets (and they are the ones which Figure 34: Masculine and feminine quadrants arise before the Sun) are indicative of masculinization, while the westernizing ones (and they are the ones setting after the Sun) are indicative of feminization.» — la regla de masculinización por orientalización, con el pie de la figura intercalado en el troceo

«[On the Shares of the Planets in the Signs] And in it are twenty-two chapters 1 Chapter V.l: On the shares of the planets in the signs.» — el índice interno del libro V, con el título entre corchetes de la edición

«14 So we cast out the two "Lots" [forwards] from 15° of Leo, and backwards from 15° of Cancer, and one of them falls in 15° of Gemini (and is the right side), while the other falls in 15° of Virgo (the left side), so that Gemini and Virgo come to be the houses of Mercury.» — la operación con que deriva las casas de Mercurio

«3 So because of that, each planet is said to be advancing and increasing at the beginning of the signs, and in their middle it is the strongest it can be, and at their end it is retreating and weak.» — la regla de fuerza dentro del signo: fuerte en el medio, débil al final

«[The exaltation signs] 8 Now since we have found that when the Sun comes to be in Aries, he begins an ascent and increase of the day over the night, we know that the most worthy of the places for the exaltation of the Sun is Aries, and in 15° of it he is the strongest he can be.» — la derivación de la exaltación del Sol en Aries y su grado más fuerte

«[The exaltation degrees] 21 Now since we have understood the houses in which these planets are exalted, and the power of each planet in that sign, we want to know the limit61 of the degree of exaltation in every sign, for every planet.» — y el paso siguiente, del signo al grado de exaltación

«25 So for those reasons, the beginning of the division is from the position of the right circle, and from the Midheaven.» — fija el comienzo de la división en el círculo recto y el medio cielo

«48 And if we had subtracted [the amount] from him, he would have passed into a position of withdrawal, going toward the degree of them both, undermining them.» — el argumento por el que no resta esos grados en el cálculo de una exaltación

«2 Chapter VI.2: On the ascensions of the signs on the equator and in the seven climes, according to what Theon claimed.» — el índice interno del libro VI, que remite a Teón para las ascensiones

«21 Chapter VI.21: On the signs indicative of culture, beguiling speech, deception, cunning, the signs of anxiety, and the dark signs.» — y otra entrada del mismo índice interno

«6 And from the beginning of Taurus up to the completion of ten degrees is the face of Mercury, and the second face of Taurus is the face of the Moon, and the third face the face of Saturn.» — el reparto de las faces de Tauro

«67 The Indians claim that in this face ascends a young woman pretty to look at, on her head a crown of lotuses52 and red fragrant herbs, and in her hand a rod of wood, and she cries out from her love of drinking and singing, and prostrating herself in the houses of worship.» — una face descrita en boca de los indios, con corona de lotos

«[Virgo 3] 94 In the third face of Virgo ascends the other half of Bootes (or al-Ndbind), and the remaining half of the naked man, and the other half of the piece of wood whose head is iron, and the tail of the Raven, and the tail of the Lion, and the Ear of grain, and two Bulls, and half of a male shepherd.» — la tercera face de Virgo, con Bootes y su nombre árabe

«As for Libra, it is an airy sign, sanguine, balanced, decreasing in the day, increasing in ascensions, having two colors and two aspects, upright in form.» — la entrada de Libra, aérea y sanguínea

«145 The Indians claim that in this face ascends a man whose image is the image of the zanj,126 in the form of a vulture, with him is velvet, and a carpet, and he is concerned with repairing a vessel of brass and wood, so that he may pour oil, wine, and water into it.» — una face en boca de los indios, con la mención de los zanj

«157 The Indians claim that in this face ascends a man with fine garments on him, and with him a poker of iron with which he works in fire, and in his hand three fishes which he has put down in front of him, and with him ornaments; and he is walking towards his home.» — y otra, con el hombre del atizador de hierro

«29 The latitude of the sixth clime147 is between 42° 58' and 47° 01', and its ascensions are produced for the latitude of 45° 01'.» — la latitud del sexto clima y la que usa para sus ascensiones

«3 And among them are also found signs not looking at each other due to their nearness to each other, and that is called a "natural" sextile: and it indicates harmony as well.» — el sextil natural entre signos vecinos que no se miran

«4 And among locales it has deserts,212 sheep pastures, villages, places in which one works with fire, a robbers' lair, and houses roofed with wood.» — el reparto de lugares por signo, con desiertos y pastos

«25 PISCES: Among countries it has Tabaristan, the northern region of the land of Jurjan, and it has a share in the land of al-Rum up to the land of al-Sham, al-Jazirah, Egypt, Alexandria, what is around Egypt, and the Red Sea (I mean, the Sea of Yemen), and the east of the land of Hind.» — la corografía de Piscis, con los nombres árabes de las regiones

«5 Leo has: the upper stomach, the heart, sinews,242 the side, bone, the two halves of the back,243 the back,244 and the ailments which appear in them.» — la melotesia de Leo

«8 And if they were in a suitable condition due to the rotation of the sphere (except that the infortunes were in them), they indicate that his condition of capacity260 and ease is more than the first [situation].» — la corrección por los infortunios en los signos que vierten

«3 But as for Libra and Leo, they both sometimes corrupt the vision as well.280 4 Now as for [l] the Pleiades, they are from 13° 36' Taurus to 14° 30'; their latitude in the north is from 3° to 5°.» — el daño a la vista de Libra y Leo, y las coordenadas de las Pléyades

«29 So Mars came to have the indication over brothers and sisters, relatives, and in-laws, and the third house came to have the indications of these same things as well.» — la derivación de la casa tercera desde lo que indica Marte

«51 And sometimes the indication of one of the houses is in accordance with its situation relative to the circle and its characteristic, and sometimes one of them is in accordance with what the seventh [house from] it indicates.» — la regla por la que una casa toma a veces lo que indica su séptima

«19 One of them is because [when] the masters of the art of the stars from Persia and India worked with the days of the world, they begin them from Sunday: the Sun was rising from the horizon of the east of the inhabited world in the first minute of Aries at the start of that day, and it is» — la razón por la que persas e indios empiezan los días del mundo en domingo. La frase sigue

«[On the Conditions of the Planets, & their Special Indications for Things] 1 And in it are nine chapters 1 Chapter VII.» — el índice interno del libro VII, con el título entre corchetes de la edición

«13 And upon its actually being in the apex of the circle of the apogee, or in its exact opposition, the planet will not have an equation in the circle of its apogee.» — el caso sin ecuación, en el ápice o en su oposición exacta

«30 And it will not cease to be in its condition until there are 60° between it and [the Sun], and then after that it will shift over to the fourteenth condition, and is called "westernizing," and does not cease to be like that until there are 22° between Saturn and Jupiter and [the Sun] in the west (and 18° between Mars and [the Sun]).» — el paso a la condición decimocuarta, la occidentalización

«61 And when she passes beyond these degrees she shifts over to the third condition, and is said to be "under the rays" until she is distant from him in the west by 12°.» — la tercera condición de la Luna, bajo los rayos

«70 And for these reasons some of them will come to be stronger than others while burning, and some of them will mix with the Sun (and he will mix with them through his nature as well), and some of them will make him fortunate, and some of them make him unfortunate.» — el reparto de fuerzas entre el Sol y los planetas que quema

«121 One of them is if a planet wants a connection ' with a planet heavier than ,, itself, and in the second ; sign from the light one is a planet, but before the light one reaches the connection with the heavy one, Figure 140: Cutting#!» — el primer tipo de corte, con el pie de la figura intercalado por el troceo

«10 Or they are in their halb222 (that is, in their houses, exaltations, bounds, triplicities, faces, or joys).» — el término *halb* y las dignidades que abarca

«[The weakness of the planets] 30 And concerning the WEAKNESS of the planets and their indication for the decrease of good fortune, it is if: 31 They are slow in course.» — abre la lista de causas de debilidad de los planetas

«11 And if the planet was between the stake of the setting and the Midheaven, then take the right circle of the stake of the earth and the right circle of the degree of the planet, then subtract the right circle of the stake of the earth from the right circle of the degree of the planet, and preserve what remains.» — la operación de proyección de rayos para el planeta entre el ocaso y el medio cielo

«12 The fifth house has 5 Lots: [25] the Lot of children, [26] the Lot which indicates the time in which there will be children, and their number, [27] the Lot of male children, [28] the Lot of female children, and [29] the Lot by which the one born (or the one asked about, or the fetus) is known to be male or female.» — los cinco *Lots* de la casa quinta

«24 As for the reason for any of these Lots' derivations, it is evident [and] the generality of the masters of the profession of the stars know it; but some of them do not know the reason for the derivation except those skilled scholars in the profession of the judgments of the stars.» — distingue lo que sabe la generalidad de los maestros de lo que solo saben los diestros

«4 And that is like the Sun and Saturn, for they are equal in [their] indication for the condition of fathers, and agree in sect because they are both diurnal—except that by day the Sun is more powerful, so we would begin the derivation of the Lot of the father by day with the Sun.» — la regla de por dónde empezar la derivación cuando dos indicadores concuerdan en secta

«25 And it indicates the native's appearance, his resemblance to the fathers and mothers, and the fitness of the body, and his safety at the time of childbirth, and travel.» — lo que indica el *Lot* del Ascendente sobre el aspecto y el parto

«180 As for the explanation of women's marriage, it is like the explanation of men's marriage, except that for women's marriage Hermes used to calculate by day and night from Venus to Saturn, and to it he adds the degrees of the Ascendant, and casts it out from the Ascendant.» — el *Lot* del matrimonio de las mujeres según Hermes

«288 The Lot of authority is taken by day from the Sun to Saturn (and by night the contrary); and if Saturn was under the rays, then take by day from the Sun to Jupiter (and by night the contrary), and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — el *Lot* de la autoridad, con su variante para Saturno bajo los rayos

«361 The ninth is [82] the LOT OF PLENTY AND AN ABUNDANCE OF GOOD IN THE HOME, taken by day and night from the Moon to Mercury, and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — el *Lot* de la abundancia en la casa

«24 And if this Lot was safe from the two infortunes (safe from Mars by day, and from Saturn by night), then it indicates the fulfilling of the needs; and if it was corrupted by them, it indicates that the needs will not be completed nor fulfilled.» — el juicio de un *Lot* a salvo de los dos infortunios

«38 So if this Lot was advancing, made fortunate, its owner will aspire to the truth, applying it, and having correctness and benefit prepared for him in it.» — el juicio del *Lot* de la obra verdadera cuando avanza

«94 [73] The Lot of the mother is taken by day from Venus to the Moon (and by night the contrary), and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — el *Lot* de la madre en la tabla abreviada

«119 [94] The Lot of necessity and the hindering of needs according to the Egyptians is taken by day and night from Mars to the degree of the house of siblings, and it is cast out from the Ascendant.» — el *Lot* de la necesidad según los egipcios

«21 And if the indicators of the Lot looked at the Lot with an aspect of affection, he will see what he loves because of that thing which the Lot indicates; but if they looked at it with an aspect of hostility, something detestable will afflict him from the category of that thing.» — la regla de juicio del *Lot* por el aspecto de sus indicadores

«30 Then look at the infortune: for if it was in a stake or in what follows a stake, and it is direct in motion, its corruption will be after it is thought to be completed.» — y la corrección por el infortunio en estaca o siguiente a estaca

«26 And if they were like that, then the one quick in motion goes to the connection of the slow one, until the quick one comes to be, in its sign, in the same degree and minute as the slow planet is in its sign: and when it comes to be like that, it has completed its connection.145 D ?» — cuándo se completa la conexión por aspecto en longitud. El troceo arrastra la llamada a nota y basura tipográfica

«10 And when the Sun passes to the end of Gemini, the day reaches the endpoint of its increase, and the night reaches the endpoint of its decrease.» — el máximo del día al final de Géminis

«30 But on the shores and estuaries of the sea, and places remote from the depths of the sea, whatever is in it [of] the blowing of winds, is reduced.» — el efecto reducido de los vientos en orillas y esteros

«10 Sagittarius has: the upper legSj birthmarks and markings, and things growing on the limbs (like digits),251 and an added appendage.252» — la melotesia de Sagitario. El troceo imprime *legSj*

«14 And if, along with the infortunes' being in them, it was in an excellent position, and the infortune had a claim, it would indicate benefit and advantages which are not much.266 Chapter VI.» — la corrección por el infortunio con derecho en el signo

«ance with the seasons of the year,104 and twelve houses according to the number of the signs. 3 Now the two quadrants which are from the Ascendant to the Midheaven, and from the setting to the fourth, are called "advan» — el reparto de los cuadrantes en avance y retirada. El tramo empieza y acaba a media palabra por el corte de plana

«24 The first of the two columns is from a single degree increasing up to 180, and the other decreases from 360 to 180: so if the number sought for equation is found in the first column it is said to be adding in number; and if it was in the second column it is said to be subtracting in number.» — la regla de las dos columnas para sumar o restar en número

«54 And from Cold their first station to their Figure 108: Cycle of simple principles opposition to the Sun the nature of them both is changed to heat, just as they are changed when they are in Aries and its triplicities.» — el cambio de naturaleza entre la primera estación y la oposición al Sol, con el pie de figura intercalado

«6 As for Jupiter, his nature is heating, wet, airy, temperate. 7 And he indicates the soul which nourishes, life, animal bodies, children, the children of children, embryos, scholars, legal experts, making judg» — la entrada de Júpiter en el catálogo de significaciones. El tramo se corta a media palabra

«8 And he indicates suffering,270 zeal, and sometimes recklessness and haste will befall him, and endangering himself after [his] being unhurried and the endurance.» — las significaciones de Júpiter sobre el ánimo, con su reverso de imprudencia

«113 And I also say that the soul is the most excellent thing in a man, and it rejoices in the knowledge of things» — el argumento final de I.6: el alma es lo más excelente del hombre y goza del conocimiento. La frase sigue

«38 As for Venus, because of the sign of her exaltation being the antithesis of the sign of Mercury's exaltation (due» — el argumento de la exaltación de Venus por antítesis con la de Mercurio. La frase sigue

«14 As for 120, • [ 1 ] it counts into the degrees of the circle three times» — el examen numérico del trígono, primero de los tres requisitos

«36 And she indicates an abundance of illnesses, concerns with the mending"8 of bodies, shaving the hair» — las significaciones de la Luna sobre enfermedad y cuidado del cuerpo. La frase sigue

«19: Pegasus ("Second horse") 20: Andromeda ("Woman who sees no husband") 21: Triangulum ("Triangle")» — los pies de la figura de las constelaciones, con el nombre árabe de Andrómeda traducido en el propio pie

«38: Canis Major 39: Canis Minor 37: Lepus ("Hare") ("Greater Dog")» — los pies de la figura de las constelaciones australes, que el troceo devuelve fuera de orden

«[l: Agreeing in the belt and ascensions] 2 As for the first of them, it is that [l] two si» — el primer criterio de concordancia entre signos, con el encabezado entre corchetes de la edición. El tramo se corta a media palabra

«the same as the hours of the day of the end of Cancer, and the hours of the day of the last» — la igualdad de horas entre signos que concuerdan en poder. El tramo se corta en el salto de plana

«2 And among the signs, the Ascendant is a little dust-colored, and the second and twelfth green, the third and eleventh yellow, the fourth and tenth red, the fifth and ninth white, the sixth and eighth black, and the seventh dark352» — el reparto de colores por casas desde el Ascendente

«the east, because sometimes one of them will be seen in some climes before» — acota la visibilidad de los planetas al orientalizarse: cambia según el clima. La frase sigue

«nature" of its associate until it is distant from it by the amount of one-half of its body» — la permanencia de la naturaleza del asociado hasta media órbita de distancia

«52 And we do find things being generated and corrupted in a place, and the place is susceptible to change from the four principles by means of the alteration of the season and its shifting about it, and the seasons' alteration and their shifting from condition to condition is by means of the Sun's movement in the twelve signs: so it is therefore necessary that things be generated and corrupted by reason of the Sun's motion in the twelve signs, since the variation of the seasons comes to be through his motion in the signs, and the variation in natures comes to be through the variation of the seasons» — la cadena causal que arma en III.3: el movimiento del Sol por los doce signos altera las estaciones, las estaciones las naturalezas y las naturalezas la generación y la corrupción

«his indication: for indeed the meaning of the degree of a planet's exaltation is the position of the extreme limit of its nature's manifestation in that sign, and its reaching the "utmost" of its indication for good fortune.» — define qué significa el grado de exaltación: el límite extremo en que la naturaleza del planeta se manifiesta

«36 If we had subtracted it, it would have occurred in the fourth degree of [Capricorn], in a place of withdrawal and weakness; and in addition to that he is an infortune by nature, [and would be] going into parallel with the fortune, corrupting it.» — el argumento por el que suma y no resta los grados en el cálculo de una exaltación

«43 Now if the exaltation of a planet was in its house, then in its middle it is the strongest it can be, and the most manifest in activity, just as we stated before—and especially if it is advancing in what follows the stake.» — la regla para el planeta cuya casa y exaltación coinciden, con Mercurio en Virgo

«17 SCORPIO: Among countries it has the land of the Hijaa, the nomadic desert of the Arabs and its regions up to Yemen, and it has Tangiers, Qumis, Rayy, and it has a share in Sogdiana. 18 And among locales it has the places of vines and mulberries, and things in gardens which resemble that, and every rotting, dirty place, prisons, places of anxiety and sorrow, ruins, and the burrows of scorpions.» — la corografía de Escorpio, con los lugares que le asigna. El troceo imprime *Hijaa* por Hiyaz

«by Abu Ma'shar The Complete Edition from Arabic Transl ated &Edit ed by Benja min N, Dykes, PhD The Cazimi Press Minneapolis; Minnesota 2020» — la portada interior, con el pie de imprenta y el año: es de donde sale la fecha del encabezado, porque el troceo no trae página de derechos. El OCR parte las palabras —*Transl ated &Edit ed*, *Benja min N, Dykes*— y así se citan

«Abu Ma'shar s famous Great Introduction to traditional astrology was a major influence on medieval astrologers through its Latin versions, and is available and explained to modem audiences in this new translation from the Arabic original.» — [solapa editorial] enuncia la posición que la editorial reclama para el libro: influencia sobre los astrólogos medievales por sus versiones latinas, y traducción nueva desde el árabe. Es texto de solapa, no voz de la obra ni del traductor

«Written in the early 800s during the Golden Age of the Abbasid Caliphate in Baghdad, the Great Introduction falls into two parts.» — [solapa editorial] data la composición en los primeros años del siglo IX, en la Bagdad abasí, y anuncia la partición en dos mitades

«Books I-IV present a theory of astrology and its primary concepts in the language ofAristotelian philosophy, including a lengthy defense of astrology.» — [solapa editorial] describe la primera mitad: teoría y conceptos primarios en lengua aristotélica, con una defensa extensa de la astrología. El troceo imprime *ofAristotelian* sin separar

«Books V-VIII contain numerous lists and descriptions of sign categories, planetary conditions, and planetary configurations.» — [solapa editorial] describe la segunda mitad como listas y descripciones de categorías de signos, condiciones y configuraciones planetarias

«Book VII describes how to judge elemental combinations in planetary conjunctions, and Book VIII contains Abu Ma'shar's classic list of Lots and how to interpret them.» — [solapa editorial] singulariza el libro VII, sobre las combinaciones elementales en las conjunciones, y el VIII, con la lista de *Lots*

«The Great Introduction is a landmark in astrological history, and is a must-have for practitioners and historians.» — [solapa editorial] cierra con la fórmula de venta: hito y libro imprescindible. Se consigna como reclamo editorial, no como juicio de la obra

«DR. BENJAMIN DYKES is a leading traditional astrologer and translator who earned his PhD in philosophy from the University of Illinois. In 2007 he published the complete Book of Astronomy by Guido Bonatti. Since 2009 he has released numerous translations from Latin and Arabic, including natal, mundane, electional, and horary woiks, as well as the introductory manual TraditionalAstrologyfor Today. He offers lectures on MP3 for astrologers and speaks to astrology groups worldwide.» — [solapa de autor] los datos biográficos del traductor: doctorado en filosofía por la Universidad de Illinois, el Book of Astronomy de Guido Bonatti en 2007 y traducciones del latín y del árabe desde 2009. El troceo imprime *woiks* por *works* y pega *TraditionalAstrologyfor Today*

«I would like to thank the following friends and colleagues, in alphabetical order: Steven Birchfield, Chris Brennan, Margherita Fiorello, Philip Graves, and Sharon Knight.» — [Dykes] nombra a quienes agradece la ayuda en la edición

«Anth. Valens, Anthology Aphorisms Sahl, The Fifty Aphorisms (in ASB1) ASB1 Sahl, The Astrology of Sahl b. Bishr Volume I AW1 Dykes, Astrology of the World, Volume I AW2 Dykes, Astrology of the World, Volume II BA The Book of Aristotle {in PNl) Carmen Dorotheus, Carmen Astrologicum» — [Dykes] la primera mitad de la tabla de abreviaturas: el aparato remite a Valente, a Sahl b. Bishr, a Doroteo y a tres traducciones propias del editor. El troceo imprime *PNl* con ele por uno y abre con llave en *{in PNl)*

«Heph. Hephaistion of Thebes, Apotelesmatika Mil Introduction Sahl, The Introduction, (in ASB1) ITA Dykes, Introductions to Traditional Astrology Mathesis Firmicus Matemus, Mathesis Nativities Sahl b. Bishr, On Nativities (in ASB1) PNl - PN3 Dykes, Persian Nativities Vols. I - III Abu Ma'shar, On the Revolutions of the Years of Nativities (= Persian Nativities IV) Questions Sahl b. Bishr, On Questions (in ASB1) TBN 'Umar al-Tabari, Three Books on Nativities (in PN2) Tet. Ptolemy, Tetrabiblos» — [Dykes] la segunda mitad de la misma tabla: Hefestión de Tebas, Fírmico Materno, 'Umar al-Tabari y el Tetrabiblos de Ptolomeo, más las Persian Nativities del propio editor. Es el corpus de referencia contra el que anota la traducción

«Figure 5: Hermes-Agathodaimon passages in Gr. Intr 28 Figure 6: Special Arabic terminology in Ch. VI.3 32» — [Dykes] dos entradas de la tabla de figuras que declaran dos frentes propios del aparato: los pasajes de Hermes y Agathodaimon dentro de la obra, y la terminología árabe del capítulo VI.3

«The other is a work on political and historical astrology, The Book of Religions and Dynasties, also known from the Latin version as On the Great» — [Dykes] nombra la otra obra célebre del autor, sobre astrología política e histórica, conocida en latín como De magnis coniunctionibus; el título se corta en el salto de plana

«It was published in manuscript and printed editions, before disappearing from the astrological scene along with most other traditional works.» — [Dykes] relata la desaparición del texto de la escena astrológica junto con casi toda la tradición

«In 1995 an American scholar, Richard Lemay, published critical editions of both the Arabic and Latin versions but without translating them.» — [Dykes] fecha en 1995 las ediciones críticas de Lemay, del árabe y del latín, sin traducción

«In 2019 Charles Burnett and Keiji Yamamoto (here abbreviated as BY) published their critical edition of the Arabic, along with an English translation.» — [Dykes] fecha en 2019 la edición crítica del árabe de Burnett y Yamamoto, con traducción inglesa

«Since they had access to more Arabic manuscripts than Lemay did, they could be more certain about correct readings; I generally follow them where they and Lemay disagree.» — [Dykes] declara su criterio editorial ante el desacuerdo entre las dos ediciones críticas: sigue a Burnett y Yamamoto por su acceso a más manuscritos

«Throughout I have added numerous footnotes, cross-references, tables, and diagrams, to explain what Abu Ma'shar wants to do in his Great Introduction.» — [Dykes] enumera lo que añade de su mano: notas al pie, remisiones, tablas y diagramas

«He was active during most of the 9l,, Century, during the "golden age" of the 'Abbasid Caliphate, and for a variety of reasons attracted both acclaim and criticism.» — [Dykes] sitúa la actividad del autor en el siglo IX, en la llamada edad de oro abasí, y consigna que recibió a la vez aclamación y crítica. El troceo imprime el ordinal como *9l,,*

«What I want to emphasize here is that the Gr. Intr. was probably his first major foray into astrological writing.» — [Dykes] sostiene, con *probably*, que esta obra fue la primera incursión mayor del autor en la escritura astrológica

«As the story goes, Abu Ma'shar had been a religious and philosophical scholar before being introduced to astrology by al-Kindi, a major philosophical figure in Baghdad in the 800s.» — [Dykes] repite el relato de la conversión a la astrología por al-Kindi, y lo marca como relato con la fórmula *as the story goes*

«Taken together, the eight books of Gr. Intr. are a major contribution to theoretical astrology.» — [Dykes] valora los ocho libros como aportación mayor a la astrología teórica

«Agathodaimon ("Good Spirit"), who according to some traditions is the father of Hermes Trismegistus; his views are put into the mouth of Hermes in many places in Gr. Intr.» — [Dykes] abre la lista de fuentes seguras del autor por Agathodaimon, padre de Hermes Trismegisto según algunas tradiciones, cuyas opiniones el libro pone en boca de Hermes

«Al-Andarzaghar (active perhaps 650 AD?), a Persian astrologer whom I have argued wrote the Arabic original of the later Book of Aristotle, which Sahl quotes extensively in his Nativities.» — [Dykes] adjudica a al-Andarzaghar el original árabe del llamado Book of Aristotle, y lo declara argumentación suya

«Antiochus (perhaps ls,-2nd Centuries AD), an astrologer whose work on astrological principles is known today only in summary and by later quotation (see Schmidt 2009).» — [Dykes] consigna a Antíoco entre las fuentes, conocido hoy solo por resumen y cita posterior. El troceo imprime el ordinal como *ls,*

«According to Gutas,' Arabic translations of most of these works were not available until the middle of the 9lh Century.» — [Dykes] apoya en Gutas la fecha de disponibilidad de las traducciones árabes de Aristóteles

«I suspect that the works of someone like Alexander of Aphrodisias, an Aristotelian commentator of the 2nd3td Centuries AD, might have been involved.» — [Dykes] conjetura, con *I suspect*, la mediación de un comentarista como Alejandro de Afrodisias. Lectura restituida: el impreso parte el rango de siglos *2nd-3td* en el salto de renglón, y el ordinal ya viene corrompido por el OCR

«It has been attributed to a Persian vizier named Buzurjmihr (ca. 500 - 580 AD).» — [Dykes] consigna la atribución del Bizidaj a un visir persa, en pasiva y sin hacerla suya

«If so, then adding 1,160 years to Alexander's epoch gives us about 830 AD (-330 + 1,160 = 830).» — [Dykes] hace la cuenta de la que sale la datación: el año 1160 de la era de Alejandro equivale a 830 d.C.

«It may seem strange that he uses the Alexander calendar, but he must be doing it right because this is the correct era for Abu Ma'shar's life, and for the known Arabic translations of the Almagest which he would have worked from.» — [Dykes] defiende el uso del calendario de Alejandro como correcto para la vida del autor y para las traducciones árabes del Almagesto

«If we allow for scribal errors, the positions are on average about 10° 30' greater than those in Ptolemy's Almagest.» — [Dykes] mide la precesión aplicada: unos 10° 30' de más sobre las posiciones del Almagesto, admitiendo error de copista

«Since Abu Ma'shar uses Ptolemy's incorrect precession rate of lo/100y, this amount equals 1,050 years (10.5° * 100 = 1,050).» — [Dykes] deriva de la tasa de precesión ptolemaica de un grado por siglo el intervalo de 1050 años. El troceo imprime la tasa como *lo/100y*

«The consequences of this error are important: not only was Abu Ma'shar using the wrong rate of precession, but adding it four centuries too early.» — [Dykes] enuncia las dos consecuencias que atribuye al desfase: tasa de precesión equivocada y punto de partida cuatro siglos anterior

«I am pleased to present my translation of the complete Arabic edition of one of Abu Ma'shar's two most celebrated works, The Great Introduction to the Science of the Judgments of the Stars, or the Great Introduction» — [Dykes] presenta el volumen como su traducción de la edición árabe completa, y da el título abreviado con que citará la obra

«We can associate this view generally with Ptolemy.» — [Dykes] adjudica a Ptolomeo la posición de causalidad directa de los planetas, dentro de su cuadro de posiciones

«We can associate this view broadly with the Stoics.» — [Dykes] adjudica a los estoicos la posición contraria, la de los planetas como signos y no como causas

«Abu Ma'shar summarizes this neatly in III.2,4-14, where he points out that celestial activities and patterns "indicate something even though they are not that thing."» — [Dykes] remite a III.2, 4-14 y cita la fórmula de la obra: lo celeste indica algo sin ser esa cosa

«Abu Ma'shar does not fully answer the question, and perhaps he thinks it's a matter of for metaphysicians.» — [Dykes] consigna la abstención del autor ante la cuestión metafísica de cómo un signo indica lo que no es. El troceo imprime *a matter of for metaphysicians*, con palabra perdida

«If we contrast it with astronomy, astrology depends on astronomy but takes astronomical measurements further and describes what they mean, in the form of astrological judgments about earthly events.» — [Dykes] sitúa la astrología sobre la astronomía: depende de sus medidas y añade lo que significan, en forma de juicios sobre lo terrestre

«Astrology also compares favorably to medicine, for doctors monitor, predict, and manage health and disease through their knowledge of changes in "natures" (i.e., physical changes); but astrologers go a step further by studying the planets whose motions cause those natural changes.» — [Dykes] reconstruye la comparación con la medicina: el médico maneja los cambios de las *natures*, el astrólogo estudia los movimientos que los causan

«But Abu Ma'shar points out that one shouldn't be discouraged by this requirement: don't give up astrology just because you're not perfect, and indeed you should still try to use what you do know.» — [Dykes] resume la respuesta del autor a la exigencia de saberlo todo: no abandonar la astrología por no ser perfecto

«But of course you should not advertise yourself as being good at things you aren't, and the worst thing would be to be a charlatan for the sake of raw profit or fame.» — [Dykes] añade el límite: no anunciarse experto en lo que no se es, y el charlatán por lucro o fama como el peor caso

«In 1962, Richard Lemay (the first publisher of a critical edition of the Gr. Intr.) argued that Abu Ma'shar's work was one of the earliest avenues for introducing Aristotelian natural philosophy into the Latin West.» — [Dykes] data en 1962 la tesis de Lemay: esta obra como una de las vías más tempranas de entrada de la filosofía natural aristotélica en el Occidente latino

«He remarked that most scholars have dismissed this notion of transmission via Abu Ma'shar, and so it is today with scholars like David Pingree and Charles Burnett.» — [Dykes] consigna que la mayoría de los estudiosos ha desechado esa tesis de transmisión, y nombra a Pingree y a Burnett