Wonders in the Sky: Unexplained Aerial Objects from Antiquity to Modern Times and Their Impact on Human Culture, History, and Beliefs
Wonders in the Sky
Source entries are currently shown in Spanish; English-first entries arrive with the next cataloguing pass.
Es un catálogo con aparato: quinientos casos de fenómenos aéreos entre la antigüedad y 1879, con la razón de cada inclusión y de cada descarte declarada. Su programa se enuncia en la introducción —«we will examine 500 selected reports of sightings from antiquity to the year 1879» «Vallée y Aubeck — Wonders in the Sky (2010) · p. 17»— y su método en una tercera parte propia: «we took a different approach: one that is strictly fact-driven, rather than belief-driven» «Vallée y Aubeck — Wonders in the Sky (2010) · p. 531».
Lo que la vuelve interesante para esta base no es su tesis sino su procedimiento: reconstruye cadenas de transmisión —«Boaistuau drew this story from Lycosthenes, who in turn took it from Fincelius» «Vallée y Aubeck — Wonders in the Sky (2010) · p. 183»—, taxonomiza los rechazos en cuatro clases «Vallée y Aubeck — Wonders in the Sky (2010) · p. 424», declara su tasa de descarte «Vallée y Aubeck — Wonders in the Sky (2010) · p. 556» y advierte que las xilografías se reciclaban de una publicación a otra «Vallée y Aubeck — Wonders in the Sky (2010) · p. 153».
Y se abstiene de su propia teoría. Ni «control system» ni «interdimensional» ni «another dimension» aparecen: cero páginas cada uno. Lo declaran: escriben «with as little reference as possible to a particular theory» «Vallée y Aubeck — Wonders in the Sky (2010) · p. 531».
805 claims · 1 source · 2 attributions
Attribution
recorded, never asserted«Vallée y Aubeck — Wonders in the Sky (2010) · pp. 1, 2»
«Vallée y Aubeck — Wonders in the Sky (2010) · pp. 1, 2»
The chain of the work
the processed witness, in emeraldClaims
805 entries — the work's own voice, with its passage«we will examine 500 selected reports of sightings from antiquity to the year 1879, when the industrial revolution deeply changed the nature of human society» — el corte y su razón.
«a period that was entirely free of those modern complications represented by airplanes, dirigibles, rockets» — por qué el catálogo se detiene antes de 1880.
«While we make no claim that any of the events we have uncovered "proves" anything about flying objects from alien worlds, or influence by non-human intelligences, we have emerged with four major observations» — la reserva con que abren sus conclusiones.
«Throughout history, unknown phenomena variously described as prodigies or celestial wonders, have made a major impact on the senses and the imagination of the individuals who witnessed them» — primera observación.
«Every epoch has interpreted the phenomena in its own terms, often in a specific religious or political context» — segunda observación: la capa interpretativa es local.
«The lessons drawn from these ancient cases can be usefully applied to the full range of aerial phenomena that are still reported and remain unexplained by contemporary science» — cuarta observación.
«an unexplained phenomenon has played and continues to play a fantastically important role in shaping our belief systems» — la afirmación de fondo del libro.
«it questioned the simplistic "extraterrestrial" origin of the phenomenon» — así presentan *Passport to Magonia* (1969), y añaden que «the book was based on preliminary data and scanty documentary evidence».
«In selecting cases for inclusion in this Chronology we have paid special attention to such biases in order to steer clear of the suggestion that aerial phenomena intervened directly in terrestrial history» — criterio de sesgo declarado.
«The symbol CD denotes cases whose nature or source, in our opinion, needs new information because it is vague, unreliable, or insufficiently documented» — el único símbolo de cuarentena legible en esta fuente (ver Notas de carga).
«The study of such cases has to begin with the search for a primary source, often a chronicler, a historian, or an astronomer» — regla de partida para lo antiguo.
«in this initial section we have relaxed our selection standards in terms of date and contents, while providing critical comments when appropriate» — declaran haber bajado el estándar en la sección más antigua.
«where to find reliable information that can be further investigated and verified? And (2) how to select suitable material for presentation without biasing the reader towards pre-established conclusions?» — las dos preguntas con que plantean el problema de fuentes.
«we took a different approach: one that is strictly fact-driven, rather than belief-driven» — la declaración de método.
«we were often able to go back to original sources rather than citing popular trade books or contemporary compilations» — su reclamo de remonte a la fuente primaria.
«Early sources are plentiful, sometimes officially certified and verified, detailed and quite distinguished, even in the remote classical era» — sobre la disponibilidad de fuentes clásicas.
«the Annales Maximi that contained these "prodigies" is lost, but it is supposed that Livy, Pliny and Obsequens had access to these annals and drew from them» — consignan la pérdida de la fuente romana raíz.
«These Annals, which were lost even before the time of Livy and Pliny, are now lost.» — Explican la consecuencia: los prodigios romanos llegan datados solo por año, con yuxtaposición de sucesos inconexos.
«if they thought they were witnessing a divine manifestation or a contact with a creature from another world, we cannot censor that information, and indeed it is relevant to the way they color their testimony» — regla de fidelidad al testimonio.
«whenever we could not find compelling evidence to indicate the object was NOT a meteor, a comet or an atmospheric effect, we have generally excluded the case from our Chronology» — criterio de exclusión por defecto.
«Cases that we found, to the best of our estimation, to be fictional or fraudulent were excluded from the main chronology» — regla 1, *Credibility*; algunos quedaron como referencia de fondo en la sección de mitos.
«Cases must have a specific place and time associated with them» — regla 2, *Space and time*: descartan las afirmaciones genéricas sobre luces o tradiciones sin fecha ni lugar.
«We relaxed this rule somewhat for ancient cases and gradually tightened it as one got closer to the present century» — declaran el estándar variable en el tiempo.
«Cases must describe a specific phenomenon in sufficient detail so that common explanations (such as meteors, comets or illusions) can be recognized and excluded» — regla 3, *Description*.
«Cases where witnesses are cited (or, even better, identified by name and function) are given greater weight than general statements about an event» — regla 4, *Witness identification*.
«We have attempted to detect and eliminate hoaxes from our chronology, but we do see such stories as important social indicators rather than spurious narratives» — el fraude como dato, no como basura.
«hoax to be credible to those who hear it, it must fit into the general belief system of the society that surrounds the author of the hoax» — corolario del anterior; la línea trae un número de página incrustado por el OCR y por eso el verbatim arranca aquí (ver Notas de carga).
«For this reason we have made a special effort to track down the sources of the stories we have related, to the extent that the background could be researched» — la consecuencia operativa.
«One of the secret pleasures and rewards of this work has been the study of the various "explanations" given by scholars of every era to dismiss the observations brought to them by common people» — así presentan su interés por la historia de las desestimaciones.
«We excluded most of these cases from our list, keeping only instances where the interaction had a special relevance to the overall phenomenon» — sobre las entidades; y admiten que «This decision may be challenged by our readers».
«we were concerned that, the moment we added superhuman beings by themselves» — el motivo: que todo el catálogo quedara teñido de intencionalidad deliberada.
«No known criteria helps us sort "ufonauts" from other kinds of creatures (such as a mermaid, or a sea serpent) when no aerial phenomenon is present» — el límite que declaran no poder trazar.
«The two authors have had many discussions and occasionally heated debates on this point» — sobre el material bíblico; y añaden «We dislike the idea of portraying aerial phenomena as having selectively aided one religious order or community above others».
«Events that were received within a religious context were better preserved simply because witnesses, priests and monks generally could read and write» — primer sesgo de conservación: es sesgo del registro, no del fenómeno.
«The fact that witnesses perceived transcendent images in the phenomena may be part of the mechanism of the phenomena» — tercer sesgo, y el más fuerte: la percepción trascendente podría ser parte del mecanismo.
«Paintings do not offer valid evidence about the periods they represent» — sobre el arte como fuente; sí dice cómo interpretaba el suceso la sociedad del artista.
«art reveals more about the painter, his (or her) patron and the audience than about the subject itself» — la formulación corta del mismo criterio.
«since pre-1800 texts cannot easily be read by optical character recognition scanning software, the amount of information available to us after 1800 has become mountainous in comparison to older records» — sesgo de digitalización, declarado.
«We are especially lacking in reliable data from Japan, China, and India» — el hueco geográfico que reconocen.
«as authors of this compilation, we have worked with the awareness that we could not escape projecting some of our own beliefs» — autodivulgación en la conclusión: proyectan a través de las selecciones que hicieron.
«We kept approximately one case in five or ten, depending on the period and context» — la tasa de descarte, declarada como cifra.
«the Chronology remains biased across time. We have more information on 19th century incidents than medieval observations» — sesgo temporal admitido.
«In 1552, humanist Conrad Wolffhart (1518-1561), who took the Greek name of Lycosthenes, edited the chronicle and added 36 illustrations from wood-cuts» — el expediente editorial de la fuente que más usan.
«As some of the original text had not survived, Lycosthenes reconstructed the missing parts himself, starting at 749 BC, from other historical sources.» — la advertencia filológica central de la obra.
«Therefore, the records attributed to Obsequens from prior to 190 BC were possibly not in the Latin original.» — el corolario: citar a Obsecuente antes del 190 a.C. es citar la reconstrucción de Lycosthenes.
«Note that this is the last of Lycosthenes' restored cases; all further references from Obsequens' book were also in the original» — marcan dónde termina la interpolación.
«An engraving of the scene accompanies the text in Lycosthenes' edition but there is no guarantee it was made especially for the book because images such as these were recycled from publication to publication» — advertencia sobre el reciclaje de xilografías.
«Boaistuau drew this story from Lycosthenes, who in turn took it from Fincelius. Lycosthenes made an error in the date and location» — cadena de transmisión reconstruida, con el error localizado y una hoja volante de 1550 como control.
«Further research shows that the primary source is historian Philostorgius, in his Ecclesiasticae Historiae (composed in 425 AD)» — remonte desde una revista de 1975 hasta la fuente del siglo V, pasando por Lycosthenes.
«We were unsuccessful in tracking down an original source. We include this quote from a popular magazine with reservations» — reserva declarada caso por caso.
«We have not seen the book and give references from it with reservations» — sobre una fuente japonesa no vista.
«We have looked in vain for an exact reference. Perhaps one of our Japanese readers can research this case further?» — el hueco declarado, con petición de ayuda.
«We have failed to locate an actual quote, so we give this case with reservations» — la misma reserva, otra vez.
«We have been unable to verify the text by Bonifacy, which is only available in manuscript form» — el muro del manuscrito no consultable.
«A writer known to have invented some UFO reports in his time» — sobre Alberto Fenoglio, origen del caso de Alençon (1790), que ellos declaran inexistente.
«The truth of the matter finally came to light in 1975 when Italian researcher Edoardo Russo conducted an investigation into Fenoglio's claims» — Añaden que el caso sigue publicándose de buena fe cada año.
«This is an entirely spurious account» — sobre la carta de Alejandro a Aristóteles: «The Aristotle letter is a known medieval forgery, only famous because Dante mentions it».
«We can only conclude that the claim rests on the veracity of names that cannot be verified today» — cierre de la verificación censal y postal del caso de Jay, Ohio (1858).
«Father Gaspar cites Antonio de Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas as his source but the story does not appear there» — el cotejo que deshace la fuente declarada.
«disagreed about this case, since it could be considered a ghost story rather than a UFO case» — desacuerdo interno de los coautores consignado dentro del caso mismo; la línea trae un número incrustado por el OCR.
«the two coauthors have had extensive debate over the wisdom of including such cases in this catalogue, especially from sources steeped in myth and symbolism» — el mismo desacuerdo, enunciado como criterio.
«in the process of analysis, we have uncovered many spurious items that cloud the literature of the field. Some of them deserve special documentation» — la razón de ser de la Parte II.
«classified the stories we have rejected from the main chronology, under four major categories» — historia engañosa o fraude, visión religiosa, fenómeno astronómico natural, ilusión óptica o efecto atmosférico.
«we do not feel qualified to judge their relevance to the overall problem» — sobre la visión religiosa como categoría de rechazo.
«a genuine paranormal phenomenon may come to us dressed up as a religious vision» — Por eso «we do not exclude reports purely on such a basis»: la regla y su excepción, en el mismo párrafo.
«we needed to tell the reader why certain well-known incidents had been excluded from our main chronology» — el descarte como parte del entregable.
«our assessment of it is not final» — sobre el material rechazado.
«These reports do not constitute "evidence" for physical visitation by non-human creatures. All we can say is that they are consistent with modern descriptions of unidentified phenomena» — el límite que se ponen en el epílogo de un período.
«led to information spreading more quickly, within a more literate citizenry, so that more reports of unusual events survived» — efecto de la imprenta; y añaden que también difundió desinformación, «just as the Internet does today».
«Publishers shamelessly exploited people's fears by trumpeting strange events, while stories of portents and signs in the sky were cynically invented to support political or religious objectives» — el prodigio como panfleto.
«the official witch-hunter's handbook for nearly two centuries» — sobre el *Malleus Maleficarum*, con la cifra de ediciones que dan: dieciséis en alemán, once en francés, dos en italiano y más de media docena en inglés.
«the issue of physical contact with beings assumed to be demons, a form of interaction the two scholars call "transvection"» — el término del *Malleus* que les interesa.
«five hundred years ago they were debating the exact same issues as ufologists today» — la equiparación de las dos discusiones.
«the 17th century is especially interesting to a researcher of unusual aerial phenomena because it gives us a complete template by which to parse the claims and sightings of today's witnesses» — por qué ese siglo.
«we find continuity between the interpretation of "signs in the sky," aerial objects with entities aboard, and flying or luminous entities seen by themselves» — el criterio de continuidad, que excluye fantasmas, hombres-mono y monstruos como «a related but separate study».
«records stories of abductions by little people (interpreted as "fairies" in Celtic countries, but similar in stature and behavior to today's Aliens)» — cómo describen su propia sección de raptos.
«Lead's ordeals could not be closer to the situation of a modern abductee» — sobre Jane Lead; el contraste con lo bíblico lo hacen ellos mismos en la p. 546.
«most UFO books begin with the blunt affirmation that the "flying saucer era" started on 24 June 1947 when Kenneth Arnold spotted several objects» — la convención que objetan: «This attitude is driven by ideology rather than data».
«this was due more to progress in the publishing and dissemination of news around the world than to a dramatic increase in the actual frequency of incidents» — objetan que el alza decimonónica de reportes sea alza del fenómeno.
«At the other end of the spectrum are the devotees of the Ancient Astronaut theory» — Con ellos, «as the Raelian cult argues», la tesis de que seríamos producto de experimentación extraterrestre.
«We suspect that the data we have compiled in our Chronology indicates the presence of a previously unknown physical element» — su afirmación positiva mínima.
«All these indications converge to support the concept of an unrecognized, physical phenomenon that is relatively rare and unpredictable, but consistent in its general appearance and effects» — la misma, en la conclusión.
«same phenomenon known today under the label "UFO" has existed throughout history, or there is a massive, unrecognized mechanism that generates such imagery and propagates it through human society in all periods and in all cultures» — la disyuntiva final, que dejan abierta: «Either conclusion represents new knowledge».
«If the phenomenon is as old as the Pharaohs, the cover-up must be very sophisticated indeed, and unlike any process of information control in history» — objetan la hipótesis del encubrimiento global.
«the so-called "rational" explanations proposed by academic experts are often as delusionary as the most fanciful reports» — su simetría declarada entre los dos extremos.
«In all periods, we are able to observe the stupidity and the arrogance of such self-styled "rationalist" scholars» — a propósito del Dr. Flamstead de 1715.
«I am discounting reports of UFOs. Why would they appear only to cranks and weirdos?» — declaración de Stephen Hawking citada con fuente y fecha (entrevista para www.ted.com, abril de 2008), que la obra objeta por nombre.
«So much for Stephen Hawking's "cranks and weirdos."» — la respuesta, tras listar a Facius Cardan, Sir H. Sloane, Charles Messier, Cromwell Mortimer, Casanova y Goethe entre los observadores.
«Contrary to common opinion, we are not dealing here with "folklore of obviously uncertain authenticity"» — respuesta nominal a Budd Hopkins, a quien citan dos veces por esa frase.
«Many specialists, such as Jerome Clark, see no indication that the phenomenon existed before the mid-19th century» — objeción nominal a Clark, a quien sin embargo acreditan entre los colaboradores.
«Less cautious or less scholarly writers» — así separan a von Däniken y Sitchin de Kazantsev, Agrest y Aimé Michel, que llaman «Several serious authors»: es una jerarquía de crédito, y es dato.
«with as little reference as possible to a particular theory» — la abstención mayor, declarada por ellos mismos: aquí Vallée no trae su sistema de control ni la hipótesis interdimensional.
«Stories of this kind are being catalogued for a future study but have not been retained in the present work» — se abstienen sobre el ovni estrellado.
«this raises the question of exactly what the Chinese of that era understood by the words we now translate as "dragons"» — se abstienen de cerrar sobre los dragones chinos, aunque proponen tornados para el subconjunto con circunstancias claras.
«Is this all there is? Certainly not!» — se abstienen de la exhaustividad y lo dicen.
«This belongs to J.J. Wick's collection (Wickiana)» — así adjudican la colección de Zúrich, a Wick y no a Gesner (ver Notas de carga).
«preserved in the Wickiana collection of the Central Library in Zurich» — con signatura: «Zurich Zentralbibliothek [ZB PAS II 12:60]», para el pliego de Núremberg de 1561.
«they were men composed, as it were, of air, and subject to birth and death» — lo que declararon los siete comparecientes ante Facius Cardan en Milán, el 13 de agosto de 1491, «When I had completed the customary rites»; vidas de hasta trescientos años y desacuerdo entre ellos sobre la creación del mundo.
«quandam esse regionem, quae dicatur MAGONIA, ex qua naves veniant in nubibus» — el latín de Agobardo de Lyon transcrito por la obra, con su traducción francesa al lado.
«the elves and gnomes of Paracelsian tradition» — única aparición de lo paracelsiano en todo el libro, de paso, en la introducción.
«Historian Simon Goulart, in his Tresors Admirables et Memorables de notre Temps (1600) writes that on that day the sailors who were aboard ships in the harbor of Hamburg saw in the air, at midnight, a glistening globe as fiery as the Sun.» — el caso con que abren el libro, Hamburgo 1547, y la fuente que declaran para él: Simon Goulart, historiador, en su compilación de 1600
«The behavior of this aerial phenomenon is not typical of meteors, which are too high in the atmosphere for their heat to be felt on the ground.» — por qué descartan el meteoro en ese caso: la altura a que vuelan no permitiría sentir el calor abajo
«In any case a meteor would have passed overhead in seconds, never giving people aboard the ships time to run away from the heat.» — segundo argumento contra el meteoro, éste por duración: los marineros tuvieron tiempo de huir
«Lacking more information, we have to classify the incident as an unidentified flying object.» — la conclusión que aceptan para ese caso, formulada como falta de información y no como identificación
«As the above incident in Hamburg shows, however, the extraterrestrial theory is not quite complete:» — objetan la teoría extraterrestre corriente, la que hace empezar todo con las bombas atómicas de 1945
«The phenomenon did not begin in the 1940s, or even in the nineteenth century.» — la tesis cronológica del libro, dicha en negativo
«Further, it has some definite physical features - such as the heat felt and reported by witnesses - that have not changed much over the centuries.» — el argumento de continuidad no es de forma sino de efecto físico: el calor que reportan los testigos
«were patrolling the highways around Angleton, Texas, when they observed a huge object, estimated at 70 meters long and 15 meters high with a bright violet light at one end and a pale blue light at the other. It flew within 30 meters of them, and cast a large shadow when it intercepted the moonlight.» — el caso moderno que ponen enfrente del de Hamburgo: dos policías cerca de Angleton, Texas, el 3 de septiembre de 1965; la línea trae el nombre del sheriff McCoy con una corrupción del OCR y por eso el verbatim arranca después
«They felt a heat wave that scared them, prompting them to hastily drive away. Just like the sailors of Hamburg in 1547.» — y el remate con que cierran la comparación entre 1547 y 1965
«Such similarities between ancient sightings and modern reports are the rule rather than the exception.» — la afirmación de frecuencia que sostiene el catálogo entero
«We selected the cutoff date of 1880 for our study because it marked a turning point in the technical and social history of the advanced nations.» — la razón del corte, que no es documental sino histórica
«Even more important than technical achievement were the social changes that marked the end point of our study.» — precisan que lo decisivo del corte no fue la técnica sino el cambio social
«Any study of unidentified flying objects after that date has to adopt the standards of a world where communications, social interaction, travel patterns, and the attitudes of people in everyday life have been deeply altered by the impact of technical progress.» — consecuencia metodológica: después de 1880 hace falta otro estándar, porque cambiaron las comunicaciones, el viaje y la vida diaria
«on our history, on our religion, and on the models the world humanity has formed since it has evolved a culture that includes writing, science, and the preservation of historical records in stone, clay, parchment, paper, or electronic media.» — el alcance que se proponen mostrar; el verbatim arranca después del número de plana que el OCR incrustó en la frase
«The answer lies in the arrogance of academic knowledge and in the fact that our best and brightest scientists have never bothered to inform themselves about the extent and reliability of the sightings.» — su explicación de por qué la academia no ha estudiado esto, que adjudican a arrogancia y a desinformación, no a falta de datos
«In a recent interview (for www.ted.com, April 2008) the celebrated astrophysicist Stephen Hawking flatly stated he didn't believe in flying saucer stories:» — el marco con que introducen la declaración de Hawking, fechada y con la fuente a la vista
«He later asserted that we were the only form of technologically evolved life in a 200 light-year radius, thus out of reach of interplanetary travelers.» — la segunda tesis de Hawking que recogen, la del radio de doscientos años luz
«Back in 1969 the U.S. Academy of Sciences put its stamp of approval on a report by a commission headed up by physicist Edward Condon, stating that science had nothing to gain by a study of unidentified flying objects, even though fully one third of all the cases studied by the commission had remained unexplained after investigation!» — objetan el dictamen del Comité Condon por su propia cifra: un tercio de los casos que la comisión estudió quedó sin explicar
«Many contemporary reports of abductions involve ordinary humans caught up by a strange force that alters their reality in drastic ways and causes them to report contact with other forms of consciousness, or even with a totally alien world.» — así plantean el paralelo entre el niño arrebatado en Constantinopla y los raptos contemporáneos, bajo el rótulo de ángeles o extraterrestres
«We are that posterity. It is our responsibility to assess the data they have transmitted to us.» — la obligación que se atribuyen frente a lo que los cronistas transmitieron: evaluarlo, no descartarlo
«Although many details of these events have been forgotten or pushed under the colorful rug of history, their impact has shaped human civilization in important ways.» — tercera de las cuatro observaciones con que cierran la introducción: el recuerdo modela la civilización aunque se pierda el detalle
«Even some well informed researchers have posed as an axiom (without citing any evidence) that the UFO phenomenon is a recent historical occurrence—"apparently no more than two centuries old" in the words of one American writer.» — objetan que se dé por axioma, sin prueba, que el fenómeno sea reciente
«Indeed, many documents point to the very ancient nature of the observations.» — la réplica documental que oponen a ese axioma
«In a book entitled Out of this World: Otherworldly Journeys from Gilgamesh to Albert Einstein (Boston: Shambhala, 1991) Professor Couliano, editor in chief of the journal Incognita and professor of the history of religions at the University of Chicago, has made it clear that the observation of UFOs and abductions by beings from beyond the Earth is mankind's oldest story.» — así invocan a Ioan Couliano como autoridad fundante, con su cargo y su libro declarados
«Clear examples of this material cover every culture, from eastern Melanesia (where living people had access to a netherworld called Panoi, either in body or in spirit) to Mesopotamia, the source of abundant material about otherworldly journeys.» — el alcance cultural que atribuyen al material, de Melanesia oriental a Mesopotamia
«In a typical example Etana, king of Kish, makes an ascent to the sky in order to bring down a plant that cures childlessness—that reference to the theme of reproduction again.» — el caso mesopotámico de Etana leído por ellos, con el motivo de la fecundidad subrayado
«While some individuals in antiquity have allegedly left the Earth by non-physical means, many were said to be taken away by beings that actually used flying vehicles,» — la distinción que hacen dentro de los relatos antiguos: salida no física frente a rapto con vehículo
«Modern ufologists might characterize this description as a "screen memory," where the mind of the percipient is assumed to replace the awesome vision of a space being with a more familiar human or animal. Under their interpretation, such a story resembles a classic abduction, in which a human is captured by space beings who take their victim away in an interplanetary craft.» — consignan la lectura ufológica del poema taoísta de K'u Yuan sin suscribirla, en modo condicional
«But the Taoist literature goes further, describing a ritual in which otherworldly entities are actually invited and come down to Earth in order to meet the celebrant.» — lo que a su juicio distingue al material taoísta: la entidad es invitada a bajar, no el celebrante quien sube
«The cloud chariots are reminiscent of the "cloudships" seen over southern France in the ninth century, to which Archbishop Agobard of Lyon devoted part of one of his books.» — tienden el puente entre el carro de nubes taoísta y las naves de nubes del siglo IX en el sur de Francia
«Saint Agobard had to preach to the crowd to dissuade the citizens of Lyon from killing four individuals, "three men and one woman" who had alighted from one of these cloudships, alleged to have come from Magonia, a magical land in the sky.» — el episodio de Lyon tal como lo cuentan: el arzobispo predicando para evitar el linchamiento de tres hombres y una mujer bajados de una de esas naves
«Ezekiel was transported by the "wheels within wheels" of his vision to a far away mountain in a state of stupor.» — así resumen la visión de Ezequiel, en términos de traslado y estupor
«The testament of Abraham tells us he was given a heavenly tour by Archangel Michael in his chariot.» — el Testamento de Abraham entre sus antecedentes, con el arcángel de guía
«In Jewish mysticism such descriptions sound like actual physical observations, witness the experience of Rabbi Nehuma ben Hakana:» — su lectura de la mística judía: descripciones que suenan a observación física; la cita del rabino sigue al otro lado del salto de plana
«Enoch ascends through the sky in a chariot of fire. The Slavonic Book of Enoch gives additional details about his abduction:» — llaman rapto a la ascensión de Enoc, y señalan al Libro eslavo de Enoc como el que da los detalles
«If the soul is a "space shuttle," as religious tradition and folklore seem to suggest, does it follow special laws of physics yet to be discovered?» — la pregunta que dejan abierta sobre el alma como vehículo, formulada como interrogante y no como tesis
«Historical references suggest that in the absence of claims of unknown aerial phenomena that amazed and inspired their people, Pharaoh Amenophis IV would not have taken the name Akhenaton and introduced the cult of the Sun Disk into Egypt and Emperor Constantine might not have established Christianity in Rome in 312 AD.» — la tesis de impacto histórico, en condicional: sin esos fenómenos no habría habido culto al Disco Solar ni cristianismo imperial
«Ancient chronicles assure us that beings from celestial realms (referred to as Magonia, Nirvana, Heaven, or Walhalla) were responsible for telling Mary she would bear the son of God, for instructing Japanese emperor Amekuni to honor the Supreme God, for inspiring Mohammed to found Islam in Medina in 612,» — lo que las crónicas atribuyen a los seres celestes, con los nombres de sus reinos consignados tal como las fuentes los dan; el verbatim se corta en el salto de plana
«Nichiren shortly before his execution in 1271, for helping Henry V of England win a decisive battle over French knights at Agincourt in 1415 and for convincing Charles Quint to abandon the siege of Magdeburg in 1551.» — la continuación de esa lista al otro lado del salto: Nichiren, Azincourt y el sitio de Magdeburgo
«browse through this book - purposely restricted to 500 prominent cases between Antiquity and the Age of Flight - to realize what wonderful events they've been missing.» — cómo describen el uso del propio libro, con la restricción deliberada a quinientos casos entre la antigüedad y la era del vuelo
«Other episodes - whether or not we believe in their actual physical reality - have acquired a colorful place in human history:» — la reserva con que introducen los episodios de Carlomagno, Juana de Arco y Colón: el lugar histórico no depende de la realidad física
«Joan of Arc was inspired to take the leadership of French armies and throw the English out of France after getting her instructions from beings of light in 1425;» — así resumen el caso de Juana de Arco dentro de la lista de episodios con lugar histórico
«Christopher Columbus saw a strange light as he approached America;» — Colón en la misma lista, en una línea
«the claim of an apparition in Guadalupe was responsible for converting millions of Mexican Indians to Catholicism in 1531.» — consignan Guadalupe como reclamo de aparición, no como aparición, y le atribuyen la conversión masiva de 1531
«Among great scientists and scholars who carefully recorded sightings of aerial phenomena they could not identify and did not hesitate to publish their observations were mathematician Facius Cardan, Sir H. Sloane (president of the Royal Society), Charles Messier, Cromwell Mortimer (secretary of the Royal Society), and such illustrious literary figures as Casanova and Goethe.» — la lista de observadores con que responden a la burla de los chiflados: Facius Cardan, Sloane y Mortimer de la Royal Society, Messier, Casanova y Goethe
«We stopped the compilation before 1880, at the beginning of a new era when man, thanks to newly-invented balloons and lighter-than-air devices, had begun to fly at last.» — el corte dicho por lo que empieza, no por lo que termina: globos y aparatos más ligeros que el aire
«Before that date, human observers were often confused by atmospheric effects, optical illusions, meteors, and comets, and the visionary experiences common to prophets and excited crowds, but there were no man-made craft in the sky until 1783, when Louis XVI of France granted permission for the first human balloon flight, and of course no heavier-than-air machine at all over the period we cover.» — el argumento que sostiene el corte: antes de 1783 no hubo aparato humano en el aire, y ninguno más pesado que el aire en todo el periodo, aunque sí confusión con meteoros, ilusiones y experiencias visionarias
«We have tried to recognize common errors, only keeping in our catalogue truly intriguing descriptions suggestive of actual physical anomalies.» — el filtro que declaran haber aplicado, formulado como reconocimiento de errores comunes
«During the period we study there were no airplanes, no searchlights playing on cloud banks, no rockets fired into space,» — lo que su periodo excluye por definición, y que en los casos modernos sirve para explicarlos; la frase sigue con los prototipos secretos y la guerra psicológica, y el OCR incrustó ahí un número de plana
«Some of the rejected material is assembled in this section of the book» — anuncian la Parte II como sección del material rechazado, ya en la introducción
«We recognize that much is still to be uncovered about the literature of this phenomenon.» — la incompletitud admitida como estado, no como falla
«Further study of this material by other researchers may, in time, yield revised data that should be included in future catalogs of aerial phenomena.» — dejan el catálogo abierto a revisión por otros investigadores
«Ancient records of unknown phenomena in the sky pose special challenges.» — abren la Cronología reconociendo la dificultad propia del material antiguo
«Indications of their existence are found in secondary sources, typically slanted to particular belief systems in religious or political terms, and are therefore doubtful.» — por qué desconfían de la fuente secundaria antigua: viene inclinada hacia un sistema de creencias religioso o político
«When they are quoted on the Internet or in popular literature they are often so garbled as to become unrecognizable.» — el segundo deterioro, éste contemporáneo: la cita de internet y la de la literatura popular llegan irreconocibles
«Not surprisingly, ancient civilizations with the most advanced astrology and meteorology have produced good records of this type.» — dónde esperan encontrar buen registro: donde hubo astrología y meteorología desarrolladas
«Chroniclers generally pointed to specific historical events that followed the observation, attributing a cause-and-effect relationship to the sighting.» — el hábito del cronista que hay que descontar: convertir la sucesión en causa
«In extreme cases, this process has led to the popular belief that "the Gods" were intervening in human affairs through celestial manifestations.» — a dónde lleva ese hábito llevado al extremo
«Indeed, it was convenient for secular or clerical rulers to claim that divine powers were supporting their views» — y a quién le convenía: al poder secular y al clerical; la frase sigue con la guía en la batalla y el OCR incrustó ahí un número de plana
«Of course, as the reader will see, the societal and psychological impact was a real and lasting one, but only because of the interpretations witnesses and their contemporaries gave to the events.» — lo que sí conceden como real y duradero es el impacto social y psicológico, y lo derivan de la interpretación, no del hecho
«This process continues today in the many heated controversies about unidentified flying objects, their origin, their nature, and their possible technological implications.» — declaran que el mismo proceso interpretativo sigue operando en la disputa contemporánea
«For this reason, the study of the oldest records is crucial to an understanding of unidentified aerial phenomena that are still commonly reported.» — de ahí derivan la utilidad del registro más antiguo para lo que se reporta hoy
«As we go further back in time, our unidentified cases owe more to mythology than to history.» — la concesión sobre el extremo antiguo del catálogo, dicha sin rodeos
«Yet we wish to show the reader the rich variety of experiences that were reported throughout the ages.» — la razón por la que aun así lo incluyen
«We included them for illustration purposes, and to stimulate further research.» — el estatuto que dan a los casos marcados como necesitados de información nueva
«The stela of Gebel Barkal, erected in honor of Thutmosis III, describes a fantastic celestial event during a war:» — así presentan el asiento más antiguo del catálogo, ca. 1460 a.C., con el monumento como fuente declarada
«this document, of undisputable authenticity, was first published in 1933, in a German Egyptological journal, Zeitschrift fur Agyptischen Sprache und Altertumskunde» — la línea de fuente del asiento, con el juicio de autenticidad que los autores declaran y la revista egiptológica alemana donde se publicó
«Akhenaton was strolling along the river admiring the splendors of nature one summer morning when he looked up and saw "a shining disc" descend from the sky.» — el episodio del disco brillante atribuido a Akenatón, que los autores toman de las estelas fronterizas de El-Amarna
«Akhenaton also founded a new religion based on the worship of the Solar Disc, thus assuring his immortality in our history books as the most powerful heretic of ancient Egypt.» — la consecuencia histórica que le atribuyen: una religión nueva y el lugar de hereje mayor
«Although it refers here to the shape of the sun itself, it is interesting to find that the basic disc shape often mentioned in art and ancient manuscripts has been quoted (or misquoted) as evidence of "flying saucers" by contemporary writers.» — advierten que la forma de disco del jeroglífico se ha citado, o citado mal, como prueba de platillos; la reserva es suya
«Elijah was the only Old Testament prophet who did not die, but was said to be taken up to heaven.» — cómo introducen el asiento de la ascensión de Elías
«We are not so naive as to believe that the Ezekiel account in the Bible, which was written down centuries after the life of the prophet by that name» — la reserva con que abren el asiento de Ezequiel: el texto se puso por escrito siglos después del profeta, y tampoco el rapto de Elías del asiento anterior es informe de primera mano; el OCR incrustó un número de plana en la frase y el verbatim se corta antes
«Other groups, like the one led by M. Greenberg, still tend to see the majority of the work of the book done by Ezekiel himself.» — consignan la posición contraria en la disputa sobre la autoría del libro, la del grupo de M. Greenberg, sin arbitrar
«Some scholars have suggested that the person described by the Book of Ezekiel may have suffered from temporal lobe epilepsy, which has several characteristic symptoms that are apparent from his writing.» — recogen la hipótesis médica sobre Ezequiel como propuesta de otros, con verbo de decir
«These symptoms include hypergraphia, hyperreligiosity, fainting spells, mutism, and pedantism, often collectively ascribed to a condition known as Geschwind syndrome.» — los síntomas que esa hipótesis reúne bajo el síndrome de Geschwind
«Even with these qualifications, the account is remarkable for Ezekiel's description of a phenomenon that would resonate with the people of his time, and still strikes us by its awesome imagery:» — pese a las reservas, sostienen que el relato vale por su imaginería; con esto introducen la cita bíblica
«It is noteworthy that the description includes some words that appear only once in Ezekiel's writing and some that only appear once in the entire Old Testament, an indication that the prophet was indeed looking for ways to express a vision that surpassed his understanding - and the ability of translators to adequately convey his experience.» — su argumento filológico: palabras que aparecen una sola vez en el libro o en todo el Antiguo Testamento, señal de que el profeta buscaba cómo decir lo que no entendía
«These considerations, well understood by most scholars of ancient texts, have led us to exclude many such references from our Chronology.» — la consecuencia práctica: por eso el material bíblico queda mayormente fuera del catálogo
«It is important to note that the version of Obsequens' chronicle containing the reference cited here was not the original.» — la advertencia que repiten cada vez que citan a Obsecuente: la versión con el pasaje no es la original
«Note: We have found no comet recorded for that period, and the observation remains unexplained.» — un ejemplo del contraste sistemático contra cometas conocidos, bajo el rótulo Note que solo usan siete veces en todo el libro
«All in all it is difficult to resist the conclusion that Diodorus (or his source) elaborated on the lampas for dramatic effect...» — su juicio sobre el viaje de Timoleón según Diodoro Sículo: la lámpara está elaborada para el efecto, sea por el historiador o por su fuente
«There is no evidence that the aerial sightings had any connection with the other reports, so the mystery only seems compounded by the juxtaposition of strange events.» — advierten contra leer conexión donde solo hay yuxtaposición de rarezas en el mismo asiento
«This explains why the Roman prodigies that have reached us are only dated by their year, with an odd juxtaposition of unrelated events.» — la razón documental de esa yuxtaposición: los prodigios romanos llegan datados solo por año
«This description from Livy suggests disk-shaped flying objects but could also refer to meteors, as we do not know the duration of the observation.» — cómo formulan una lectura y su límite en la misma frase: podrían ser discos, o meteoros, porque falta la duración
«During the famous battle won by Hannibal in Cannae (2 August, 216 BC), in the Apulian plain near Barletta, which saw the largest defeat in the history of Rome, a mysterious phenomenon was observed: "On the day of the battle, in the sky of the Apulia, round objects in the shape of ships were seen. The prodigies carried on all night long. On the edge of such objects were seen men dressed in white, like clergymen around a plow.» — el asiento de Cannas, 2 de agosto de 216 a.C., con la descripción que los autores toman de su fuente declarada
«This illustration attempts to capture the scene, which suggests an event remarkable enough for historians to have noted it, and for a record to have been preserved.» — lo que a su juicio se puede sacar de una xilografía: no el suceso, sino que alguien lo tuvo por notable y lo conservó
«We suspect, however, that a confusion of locations may exist with the case of 218 BC» — reconocen posible confusión entre dos asientos suyos, y lo dejan escrito en vez de consolidarlos
«White clothes are indicative of sacerdotal garments.» — su lectura del vestido blanco en las crónicas romanas
«The observation of triple moons in the night sky is a rare but explainable atmospheric phenomenon.» — conceden la explicación atmosférica para las tres lunas romanas, sin retirar el asiento
«In the absence of additional detail, it is impossible to determine whether the object was a meteor» — la abstención caso por caso, formulada como falta de detalle y no como misterio
«We considered the possibility that it might have been a rare form of ball lightning, but this idea is contradicted by the observation that it could "blot out the sun."» — declaran la hipótesis que probaron y el dato que la contradice, en la misma frase
«Astronomers have no idea what it could have been.» — consignan el desacuerdo de los astrónomos sobre la estrella-vela china, entre nova, cometa y meteoro
«A candle star was one of the 18 irregular "stars" defined in Chinese records.» — sitúan el término dentro de la taxonomía china de estrellas irregulares, que la propia fuente define
«A spark fell from a star, became as big as the moon, and went up again, which contradicts natural explanations.» — su resumen del caso del 76 a.C. con proconsul Silano entre los testigos, y la razón por la que lo retienen: el objeto vuelve a subir
«In other cases of ancient battles, such fiery objects turned out to be primitive incendiary missiles, so we include this case with reservations.» — la reserva con que retienen el caso de Farsalia: proyectiles incendiarios primitivos explican otros parecidos
«We considered the hypothesis that the phenomenon was a sun-dog, but we found no record of a refraction effect producing nine images of the sun.» — ponen a prueba el parhelio contra los nueve soles chinos y declaran no haber hallado refracción que produzca nueve imágenes
«This story may originate in the ancient Chinese legend of the nine suns shot down from the sky by Yao dynasty hero Yi when Earth's original ten suns were making life insufferable, in which case it should be regarded as legend rather than fact.» — y aun así devuelven el caso a la leyenda: el mito de los nueve soles derribados por Yi puede ser el origen
«Unfortunately, it did not provide a quote from an actual source.» — la falla que declaran en la revista japonesa de la que toman ese caso: no da cita de fuente real
«This could refer to a train of meteors, but the pattern is unusual if "accompanied" means that the ten small stars were flying in some sort of formation with the main object.» — cómo enuncian una explicación y su punto de fuga: el tren de meteoros no cubre la formación que la palabra acompañado supone
«Han Emperor Mingti, who had heard of Buddhism, had a vision of a golden figure floating in a halo of light - interpreted as a flying Apsara (Buddhist angel).» — el asiento del emperador Mingti, con la lectura budista que la propia tradición le dio
«Some sources present this vision as a dream, others as an "apparition."» — consignan las dos versiones de la misma tradición sin escoger entre ellas
«Arthur Lillie mentions it as a "golden man, a spirit named Foe," while Gray calls it "a foreign god entering his palace.» — las dos lecturas modernas del mismo episodio, atribuidas por nombre a Lillie y a Gray
«Meteors do not linger for two hours, and do not shower the landscape with fiery rain.» — el argumento con que descartan el meteoro por duración y por efecto en el terreno
«Here again, these phenomena were not simultaneous or even in the same region but they provide us with a treasure-trove of anomalies, from the fall of frogs to the mention of an aerial ship.» — advierten que el asiento escocés reúne sucesos ni simultáneos ni de la misma región, y aun así lo retienen por el material que trae
«Caledon Wood appears in Geoffrey of Monmouth's rendition of the King Arthur legend (in The History of the Kings of Britain).» — sitúan el topónimo del asiento en la leyenda artúrica de Godofredo de Monmouth
«The army of Emperor Hou Chu saw a red object with pointed rays that flew over them three times.» — asiento chino del 235 en Weinan; la fuente que declaran es el catálogo de meteoros chinos de Edouard Biot, de 1846
«The Sun came down to the ground and three other suns rose together over the western horizon and "flew together towards the East.» — asiento de los tres soles que vuelan al este, con la frase del original entrecomillada dentro del propio texto de los autores
«Only reference to the original text could permit a fuller interpretation.» — la reserva que ponen donde solo tienen la traducción o el resumen
«The duration of the phenomenon precludes a comet, but it was seen too long for a meteor.» — el argumento de duración usado en las dos direcciones: descarta el cometa y descarta el meteoro
«In Ancient Greece, where meteorology played an important role in religion and scientific philosophy, claims involving strange aerolites abound.» — cómo sitúan la abundancia de aerolitos raros en la Grecia antigua, ligada al lugar de la meteorología en su religión y su filosofía
«Damaskios, in his book, The Life ol Isidorus, relates that one sacred baitylos (meteorite) was kept by a man named Eusebios, who acquired it in strange circumstances.» — la cadena de transmisión del betilo de Eusebio, declarada: Damascio en la Vida de Isidoro, recogido por Focio en el siglo IX y llegado a ellos por el Zeus de Arthur Bernard Cook
«Meteorites are very unlikely to contain enough cinnabar to mislead even the most superstitious priests.» — descartan que el cinabrio de un meteorito explique la escritura del betilo
«In nature, certain stones, such as opal and limestone, can display narrow veins of cinnabar that could possibly be interpreted as esoteric writing, but this would not explain the anomalies in Eusebios' baitylos.» — conceden que ciertas piedras muestran vetas legibles como escritura, y dicen dónde ese argumento deja de alcanzar
«A "new and strange star was seen in the sky, announcing the arrival of major disasters on Earth.» — asiento de la estrella nueva y extraña, con la lectura de presagio que trae la propia fuente
«We only include this case in the Chronology because we have not found confirmation of a cometary observation about this date in Gary Kronk's extensive Cometography, but we suspect the object was indeed a comet.» — la inclusión declarada como provisional: entra solo porque la Cometography de Gary Kronk no registra cometa en esa fecha, y aun así sospechan que lo fue
«It isn't known how he reached this conclusion.» — la reserva que ponen a la lectura de Agustín: no consta cómo llegó a ella
«The version quoted here is by 14 t h century chronicler Nicephorus Callistus, but versions can be found in a letter by Acacius, Patriarch of Constantinople (d.489) to Peter Fullo, Patriarch of Antioch, and also in a letter by Pope Felix III (483-492) to the same Peter Fullo.» — cadena de transmisión declarada para el niño arrebatado en Constantinopla: la versión que citan es del cronista Nicéforo Calisto, del siglo XIV, y hay otras en cartas del patriarca Acacio y del papa Félix III a Pedro Fullo
«The story in itself serves as the founding story for the origin of the Trisagion hymn of the Greek Church.» — la función litúrgica que atribuyen al relato: es el origen del himno Trisagio en la iglesia griega
«The different versions agree on most details except the precise year and the fate of the raised child.» — y dónde discrepan esas versiones entre sí: en el año y en la suerte del niño, que es justo lo que decidiría el caso
«There is some doubt about the date here because Geoffrey of Monmouth wrote it coincident with Ambrosius' death.» — la duda de fecha que declaran para el globo británico, atribuida al modo de datar de Godofredo de Monmouth
«Scholars disagree about the date of this event, suggesting either 473 or, according to Roger of Wendover, 497.» — consignan las dos fechas propuestas sin escoger, con el nombre de quien sostiene la segunda
«A peculiar phenomenon took place when French king Clovis defeated the Visigoths, killing their king Alaric II, and taking over their French lands, including Aquitaine.» — el marco histórico con que abren el asiento de Clodoveo en Poitiers, 507
«We have no other data about this curious description, so our first inclination is to reject it. We mention it here in the hope to stimulate more research into ancient sources in Asia.» — declaran su inclinación a rechazar el caso del jinete del dragón y por qué lo dejan igual: para que alguien investigue las fuentes asiáticas antiguas
«A cloud like an umbrella appeared, accompanied with a strange sound, over the Nara prefecture. This does not provide enough information to understand the full circumstances of the phenomenon.» — asiento japonés de Nara con la insuficiencia declarada en la misma entrada; la fuente que dan es Takao Ikeda, que a su vez cita el Teiohennenki
«Although meteors have been known to emit sounds, they are not described in terms of "clouds with the shape of an umbrella." Therefore the phenomenon has to remain unidentified, at least until a detailed reference is provided in the course of future research.» — el argumento por el que no lo cierran: el meteoro puede sonar, pero no se describe como nube en forma de paraguas
«A large light came down over praying nuns At Berecingum (Barking) convent, circled their location, and flew up.» — asiento del convento de Barking, 675, que resumen antes de citar a su fuente
«At dusk, seven stars are said to have "drifted together" to the north-east, after which they sank below the horizon.» — asiento chino de las siete estrellas, con la expresión de la fuente entrecomillada dentro del propio texto de los autores
«During the reign of Pepin le Bref (715-768) many extraordinary phenomena are said to have appeared in the French skies.» — así encabezan la serie francesa del siglo VIII, en voz pasiva y con verbo de decir
«A contemporary source has never been found and there is a strong suspicion that it originated with the Comte De Gabalis (1670), by Abbe N. de Montfaucon de Villars.» — desmontan la serie de Pipino remontándola a una sospecha de origen: el Comte de Gabalis de Montfaucon de Villars, de 1670
«Although the horse may have been frightened by an especially bright meteor, the situation suggests either that the object was close to the emperor's party, or that the meteor was very spectacular indeed:» — la concesión y su alternativa en la misma frase para la caída del caballo de Carlomagno: o el objeto estaba cerca, o el meteoro fue extraordinario
«One night, a hermit named Pelayo heard music in a wood and saw a peculiar shining star above Mount Libredon, a former Celtic sacred site.» — el asiento del que sale el nombre de Compostela, con el emplazamiento celta previo consignado
«To the best of our knowledge, the story first appeared in the Concordia de Antealtares, a text dated from 1077.» — la primera aparición documental que le encuentran a ese relato, declarada con su límite: hasta donde ellos saben
«Saint Agobard was born about 769 in Languedoc, came to Lyons at age 20, was ordained in 804 and succeeded Archbishop Leidrade when the latter retired in 814.» — el expediente biográfico de Agobardo de Lyon, que es su fuente para Magonia
«The main purpose of De Grandine et Tonitruis is to debunk popular misconceptions about the weather. In particular, the Archbishop of Lyons fought against the idea that winds and storms were due to the influence of sorcerers (appropriately named "tempestari" by the vulgar people):» — declaran el propósito del tratado de Agobardo: desmentir creencias sobre el tiempo, y en particular la de los tempestarios
«What distinguishes this episode from many folklore tales of ships sailing in the sky is the availability of a precise reference, the authority of a known and respected historical figure who has written extensively on many other subjects, and the fact that the Archbishop, while he testified to the authenticity of a first-hand report,» — por qué retienen a Agobardo frente a otros relatos de naves en el cielo: referencia precisa y autoridad conocida; la frase remata diciendo que el arzobispo siguió siendo escéptico sobre la realidad de los objetos, y ahí el OCR corrompió la palabra
«In one of his books French physicist Arago states that until the time of Charlemagne it was a common custom to erect long poles in the fields to protect them from the hail and the thunderstorms.» — toman de Arago la costumbre de plantar pértigas en los campos contra el granizo hasta tiempos de Carlomagno
«These poles were not lightning rods, as one might suppose, but magical devices which were only effective when they held aloft certain parchments.» — precisan que la pértiga no era pararrayos sino dispositivo mágico, y que operaba por el pergamino que sostenía
«His statement teaches us that interaction between us and the ships that sail through the clouds is not a new phenomenon.» — lo que sostienen a partir de Agobardo: la interacción con las naves de las nubes no es nueva
«It also indicates that the vision of these "ships" was linked, in the popular mind, to atmospheric disturbances and to the stealing of fruits, plants and animals by beings from the sky.» — y con qué estaba ligada esa visión en la cabeza de la gente: el mal tiempo y el robo de frutos, plantas y animales
«The reference to animals comes from a passage in a book by J. J. Ampere (in Histoire Litteraire de la France» — declaran de dónde sacan el detalle de los animales, que no está en Agobardo sino en un libro de J. J. Ampère
«Most importantly, Agobard's book shows that as early as the ninth century there was a belief in a separate region from whence these vessels sailed, and about the possibility for men and women to travel with them.» — lo que consideran más importante del testimonio: en el siglo IX ya había creencia en una región aparte de donde salen las naves, y en que hombres y mujeres podían irse con ellas
«We must be thankful to him for saving the lives of these four poor people, an episode that shows that the skeptics, in this field, can do some good after all.» — su juicio sobre el escéptico: en este caso salvó cuatro vidas
«A globe appeared at the zenith, followed by a tail.» — asiento chino del globo en el cenit, en el registro escueto que la fuente permite
«It flew slowly West under the moon, while witnesses heard something like the sound of birds.» — el detalle acústico que retienen del mismo asiento
«The locals tried to carry the sculpture to Manresa but, according to their story, the further they moved it, the heavier it became.» — asiento mariano catalán, con la atribución marcada: es lo que cuentan los lugareños, no lo que los autores afirman
«It grew so heavy that they had to leave it in the middle of the fields, where they decided to erect a hermitage in the name of St. Mary.» — el desenlace del mismo relato, que es la fundación de la ermita
«This citation from Flodoard is an example of a frequent description for which we have no precise correlation in terms of optical or atmospheric phenomena.» — declaran la clase entera de descripciones para las que no tienen correlato óptico ni atmosférico, con Flodoardo de ejemplo
«However Gary Kronk's Cometography indicates that Halley's Comet was visible in the night sky during July and August of 989, based on Chinese accounts, so some confusion is possible.» — el contraste contra la Cometography de Kronk operando en contra del propio caso: el Halley era visible esos meses, así que admiten confusión posible
«The New Book of the Tang records that during the year of Guang Hua, "a fat star, as large as 500 meters square, yellow in color, flew towards the southwest.» — asiento chino de la estrella gorda, con el Nuevo libro de los Tang como fuente declarada
«The same book records another "star-like object" that was five times bigger than the above one and flew in a north-westerly direction.» — el segundo asiento de la misma fuente, cinco veces mayor
«The king replied that his forefathers, who were accustomed to seeing such things, believed the riders were "Jinni" (Jinns).» — la lectura islámica del avistamiento consignada en la voz del propio rey, sin traducirla a otro marco
«His biographer, Chartruiz, Bishop of Hungary, revealed that this sometimes happened spiritually and at other times physically.» — consignan la distinción del biógrafo del rey Esteban entre elevación espiritual y elevación física, que es justo la que otros textos borran
«Rodulphus Glaber, a monk and chronicler, writes "Not so long ago such (visions) happened to me, by the favor of God.» — así introducen a Rodulfo Glaber, que declara la visión como propia
«According to Ernest Petit ("Raoul Glaber," in Revue Historique, XLVIII, 1892) Glaber stayed in Saint-Leger between 997 and 1005 AD. This is the first of his visions.» — datan la visión de Saint-Léger por un estudio de 1892 sobre Glaber, no por la crónica misma, y marcan que es la primera de sus visiones
«The five books of his Historiae contain other such experiences as well as many anecdotic accounts of superstitions around the year 1000.» — señalan que la misma crónica trae más visiones y muchas anécdotas de supersticiones del año mil
«They range in credibility and significance from curious events where a natural explanation is improbable (but not entirely impossible, if some of the elements of the observati» — así abren el epílogo del primer tramo, graduando sus propios casos por credibilidad; la frase sigue al otro lado del salto de plana
«These ancient records show how powerful the concept of such intervention into human affairs can be: most of our religious texts today can be traced to such events, and to the philosophical movements they triggered.» — la tesis de impacto aplicada a lo religioso: buena parte de los textos sagrados se remontaría a sucesos así y a los movimientos que desataron
«The Second Millennium opened with intense religious fervor: the world was in terrible fear of cosmic upheaval, the Last Judgment and the end of the world, but a new spirit of exploration also appeared:» — el cuadro de época con que abren el segundo milenio, con el miedo al fin del mundo y la exploración a la vez
«Conflict between different faiths intensified, leading in 1096 to the first of eight murderous Crusades that would force the blending of two great civilizations and help introduce new philosophical ideas, including Hermeticism, into European kingdoms barely emerging from the Dark Ages.» — atribuyen a las Cruzadas la entrada del hermetismo y de otras ideas filosóficas en los reinos europeos
«The rudiments of science arrived in Europe from the Middle East, with primitive astronomical instruments, early tables of star positions, and knowledge of Greek medicine and philosophy transmitted by Arabic scholars.» — la vía por la que llega la ciencia según ellos: instrumentos, tablas de estrellas y medicina griega transmitidos por los sabios árabes
«The first cathedrals were built, the gothic style appeared at Saint-Germain-des-Pres in Paris, and the first account of the use of a mariner's compass was noted (in 1125).» — los hitos materiales del mismo cuadro, incluida la primera mención de la brújula marina
«During the eleventh and twelfth centuries, a new invention started its slow spread into Western Europe from Spain, with the adoption of paper as a replacement for parchment.» — y el soporte, que importa para lo que sobrevive: el papel entrando por España en lugar del pergamino
«Everything suddenly accelerated in the last years of the fifteenth century: Leonardo da Vinci made his famed scientific discoveries, Copernicus studied at Cracow, the first terrestrial globe was constructed in Nuremberg, Johan Gutenberg used metal plates for printing and the king and queen of Spain, against the advice of their committee of experts, financed the voyage of an Italian navigator named Christopher Columbus.» — la aceleración de fines del siglo XV en una sola frase, con Leonardo, Copérnico, el globo de Núremberg, Gutenberg y Colón
«He decided not to run away with his companions but to cautiously study the strange phenomenon.» — lo que retienen del conde ante la aparición: se quedó a estudiarla, que es la conducta que a ellos les interesa
«While a simplistic Christian interpretation classifies them as "demons," more sophisticated scholars recognized they did not fit easily within the biblical definitions of good and evil.» — consignan que la lectura demonológica simple no cerraba ya para los eruditos: los seres no caben en las definiciones bíblicas de bien y mal
«In the Moslem world they would be recognized as the Djinni.» — la equivalencia que proponen hacia el islam, en condicional
«In the later medieval world they will become the Fairies, the elves, the Elementals of the Alchemical tradition, the "Good Neighbors" of the Celtic world.» — la serie de equivalencias que tienden hacia hadas, elfos, elementales de la tradición alquímica y los Buenos Vecinos célticos
«Peter Damian, Cardinal-Bishop of the Italian city of Ostium (1007-1072), recorded what would be regarded today as a typical abduction involving the five-year-old son of a nobleman:» — así presentan el caso de Ostium hacia 1010, leído desde el rapto contemporáneo; la fuente que declaran para el pasaje es el Malleus Maleficarum en la traducción de Montague Summers
«"Great feasts" are a staple of fairy folklore.» — el motivo folklórico que reconocen en ese caso
«Abductees were usually "bidden to eat" when the fairies whisked them off to their hidden palaces, just as people often claim to be given pills or liquids to swallow in today's accounts.» — y el paralelo que trazan con las píldoras y líquidos de los relatos actuales
«Even being pulled, pushed or dragged through the roof has its parallel in modern UFO lore.» — el tercer paralelo, el del techo, que cierra la serie
«A cloud carrying a female from the sky is said to have come down to the bedroom of Wang's daughter and flown away with her.» — asiento chino de la nube que se lleva a la hija de Wang, en voz de dicho
«This constitutes only one of hundreds of similar stories about witches carried away by paranormal means or by non-human beings, usually thought to be demonic.» — declaran el volumen del que ese asiento es muestra: cientos de relatos de brujas llevadas por medios paranormales o por seres no humanos
«They argue that the event described was a supernova, which is possible but unlikely.» — conceden la posibilidad y la desestiman en la misma frase, para el caso romano de 1054
«The supernova that gave rise to the Crab Nebula was first seen by Chinese astronomers who noted a "guest star" in the constellation Taurus on July 4, 1054, fully three months after the Rome sighting.» — el dato con que desarman esa explicación: la estrella invitada china está fechada tres meses después del avistamiento romano
«The astronomers note that the English translation of the Latin terms "circulus" and "corona" is not perfect, because they do not convey the original sense of "disc" that the Flemish writer expressed in his text.» — atribuyen el argumento filológico sobre circulus y corona a los astrónomos que estudiaron el caso, no a sí mismos
«Note that the text of the Tractatus does not give the correct date for the Pope's death, which was 19 April 1054.» — corrigen la fecha de la propia fuente sin retirarla, bajo el rótulo Note
«In the middle of the reign of emperor Jia You [1056-1063], at Yangzhou, in the Jiangsu province, an enormous pearl was seen especially in gloomy weather.» — asiento chino de la perla enorme de Yangzhou, con el reinado acotado entre corchetes por los propios autores
«The light it emitted even reached trees that were some 5 kilometers away and as a result these cast their shadow on the ground; the faraway sky was all alight.» — el efecto luminoso que retienen del mismo asiento, medido por las sombras a cinco kilómetros
«the inhabitants, who had seen it frequently, built a wayside pavilion and named it "The Pearl Pavilion."» — la huella material que dejó el caso: un pabellón con nombre, que es la clase de rastro que ellos buscan
«This episode, an early instance of the meme of a "Woman-in-black," took place in the days of Thorfinn Karlsefni, the son of Thord Horsehead, the son of Snorri Thordason of Hofdi.» — llaman meme a la mujer de negro y fechan el episodio por la genealogía de Thorfinn Karlsefni
«The Virgin and a great star are said to have appeared to a group of shepherds on the mountain.» — asiento de aparición mariana, consignado en voz de dicho y sin arbitrar sobre su realidad
«A common theme in ancient folklore refers to mysterious sounds in the sky reminding terrified people of the passage of dozens of men on horseback riding at full speed, with their dogs and servants, leaving enormous destruction behind.» — identifican el motivo folklórico de la cacería ruidosa en el cielo antes de fichar sus casos
«In the absence of an original quote, it is impossible to analyze this event further.» — la falta de cita original declarada como tope del análisis, no como misterio del caso
«A great circle was seen in the middle of the sky.» — asiento del gran círculo sobre Droutchesk, en el registro escueto que la fuente permite
«There was an omen in the Pechorsky monastery: "On February 11th there appeared a fiery pillar that reached from the ground to the sky, and lightning lit all earth, and thunder rattled at the first hour of night, and everyone saw it.» — asiento del pilar de fuego en el monasterio de Pechorsk, con la crónica citada dentro del propio asiento
«During the coronation of Federico (Frederick) Barbarossa by Pope Eugene III "there appeared in the sky three lights, and a cross formed by stars.» — asiento de la coronación de Barbarroja, con la doble grafía del nombre consignada por los propios autores
«We hope that future researchers will be able to trace a more precise reference.» — dejan la referencia imprecisa a la vista y encargada a otros, en vez de completarla
«This impressed people so much that they built a chapel to commemorate the 'miracle.'» — otra vez la huella material como criterio: una capilla levantada para conmemorar el suceso
«In the history of the Song Dynasty it is written that in the fifth year of the K'ien Tao (now known as Qiandao) era, which corresponds with 1169 AD, dragons were seen battling in the sky during a thunderstorm:» — asiento chino de 1169 con la era K'ien Tao convertida por los propios autores al cómputo occidental
«Alfonso II and his men observed a wandering bull and a mysterious, star-like luminous object hovering above.» — asiento del que sale el escudo de Teruel, según lo cuentan
«The warriors disobeyed the king's orders and ran after a bull that was being followed by a star from heaven because they had seen it in premonitory dreams: a sign, according to them, which marked the place where a new town was to be established.» — el desenlace fundacional del mismo relato, con el sueño premonitorio incluido y la lectura atribuida a los propios guerreros
«Gervase of Canterbury wrote that about an hour after sunset five witnesses watched as the upper horn of the bright new moon suddenly split in two.» — asiento de la luna partida de 1178, con el número de testigos que la fuente declara
«When a geologist suggested in 1976 that Gervase's account referred to the meteor impact that created the 22 kilometer lunar crater called Giordano Bruno, the theory was widely accepted.» — consignan la explicación por impacto lunar y su fortuna; el nombre Giordano Bruno es aquí el del cráter, no el del nolano
«However, as reported in several scientific journals in 2001, new calculations show that such an event would have resulted in a fierce, week-long meteor storm on Earth with 100 million of tons of ejecta raining down on our planet.» — y el dato que la desarma: ese impacto habría producido una tormenta de meteoros de una semana sobre la Tierra
«Of course, this did not take place in the twelfth century AD, or archives all over the world would have recorded it!» — el argumento de silencio documental que cierra el descarte
«This begs the question "What did Gervase's contemporaries really see?"» — y la pregunta que dejan abierta después de descartar la explicación
«The Chronicler Winsemius (1622) reports, in his Croniek van Vriesland that four Suns and a score of armed men were seen in the sky and a bloody rain fell.» — asiento frisón con su fuente y su fecha de impresión declaradas
«First there were red beams behind the mountain, and then an object like a luminous wheel flew over, and entered the sea.» — asiento japonés de la rueda luminosa que entra en el mar
«The British monastic chronicler William of Newburgh (1136-1198) noted the sightings of several prodigies in the sky in his Historic rerum anglicarum, a philosophical commentary dealing with his own times.» — presentan a Guillermo de Newburgh con obra y fechas, y con el género declarado: comentario filosófico sobre su propio tiempo
«Trivetus was not contemporary with the event, so he must have copied it from an older chronicle.» — marcan la distancia entre el cronista y el suceso, que es la clase de dato que deciden consignar en la línea de fuente
«Brother Leo saw a ball of light suspended above St. Francis of Assisi while he conversed with an invisible being.» — asiento de Francisco de Asís, con el testigo nombrado y el ser declarado invisible por la propia fuente
«This kind of narrative bridges the gap between lights and objects that fly through the atmosphere, reports of luminous orbs at ground level and "earth lights" over special spots.» — lo que a su juicio hace útil ese relato: enlaza las luces del aire con los orbes a ras de suelo y con las luces de tierra de sitios señalados
«Luminous phenomena attend a double-armed cross apparently brought down by an entity assumed to be an angel.» — asiento de la cruz de doble brazo, con la entidad marcada como supuesta y no como establecida
«Yoritsune ordered an investigation and his astrology consultants, who were skilled in astronomy, conducted the study: "It is only the wind making the stars sway," they reported after hearing the statements of Suketoshi Abe.» — asiento japonés donde la propia autoridad manda investigar y sus astrólogos dictaminan que es el viento; la explicación desestimatoria es de la época, no de los autores
«According to one record, seven mysterious lights in the night sky were seen on four Saturdays in a row.» — asiento de El Puig, con la periodicidad semanal que la fuente declara
«This sequence of motion is not typical of a natural phenomenon, and it certainly was not a "star."» — el argumento de trayectoria con que retienen un caso, y la negativa a llamarlo estrella pese a la fuente
«This object, as described, was not a comet or a meteor.» — el descarte hecho sobre la descripción misma, no sobre el catálogo de cometas
«The link with ufology here is very much open to debate, yet abduction researchers have been looking into stories of this kind with increasing interest.» — declaran discutible el vínculo con la ufología y aun así consignan que los investigadores de raptos miran esos relatos
«During a parade, a red shining object appeared, coming from the direction of a shrine.» — asiento japonés del objeto rojo, con la dirección referida al santuario tal como la da la fuente
«The 14th-century chronicler of this incident, Cheu Mih, adds that he had personally observed» — marcan que el cronista chino del caso declara haber visto por sí mismo los efectos de otro suceso parecido, que es la clase de testimonio que ellos ponderan
«Before dawn, mysterious globes of light appeared repeatedly in the sky of Loreto, falling, stopping and disappearing suddenly.» — asiento de Loreto, 1296, resumido por los autores antes de la cita
«Writer Gianfranco degli Esposti mentions that "reports relating to the period of the famous Black Plague, between 1347 and the 1350, speak of strange cigar-shaped objects slowly crossing the sky, sometimes at low altitude, dispersing in their passage a disturbing mist.» — atribuyen por nombre a Gianfranco degli Esposti los objetos cigariformes de los años de la peste, sin hacerlos suyos
«He attributes the Black Plague to these objects because "immediately after the appearance of these shocking events, the epidemic exploded in that area.» — y consignan el argumento de ese autor tal cual, que es de sucesión y no de mecanismo
«Two shining objects appeared from the southeast and northwest.» — asiento chino de los dos objetos que convergen, en el registro escueto de la fuente
«We have not traced an exact reference to this case but its abundant use in databases and on websites has influenced our decision to include it here.» — declaran incluir un caso que no pudieron rastrear, y declaran también el motivo: su circulación en bases de datos y sitios web
«A drum-shaped object, six meters in diameter, is said to have emerged from the sea.» — asiento japonés del objeto en forma de tambor, en voz de dicho
«Whatever it was that caused such an impression on the people of England, it does not seem meteoritic in nature.» — el juicio que dejan sobre el fuego inglés de 1382, formulado por lo que no es
«Three "stars" were seen to fly over Rome.» — asiento romano de 1408 en su forma más escueta, con la palabra de la fuente entrecomillada
«The incident was described by Antonio Di Pietro, canon of the Vatican, in his Diarium Romanum (Diary of Rome from 1404 to 1417), now conserved in the Vatican Archive.» — la fuente del asiento con su cargo, su título, su periodo y el archivo donde se conserva
«Di Pietro narrates that on that evening he was going to supper with friends near where the ancient Basilica of Saint Peter stands today.» — sitúan al testigo en el lugar, actualizando el topónimo para el lector
«The sighting may have been of an unusual meteor train.» — la explicación que ofrecen ellos mismos para el caso que acaban de fichar, en condicional
«In the evening a Hungarian merchant, Peter Tagliamento, was leading his herd of cattle to Bassano del Grappa. As he came to an area of thick brush, close to Castel di Godego, he realized he had lost the way. All around him were only shadows, the woods, and deep silence. In despair, Peter started praying and suddenly he saw a great light.» — así narran el caso de Bassano del Grappa, con el nombre y el oficio del testigo declarados
«Peter saw a young woman of great beauty, who told him how to get to the road towards Bassano, but requested that a chapel be built at that place. She planted a cross in the earth as proof of her visit.» — sigue el mismo relato: la indicación del camino, la petición de la capilla y la cruz dejada como prueba
«At first no one believed him, but they found the cross planted in the woods. This convinced them and they decided to erect a chapel, where people came in solemn processions.» — el desenlace, que es el que a ellos les interesa: la incredulidad primero, el objeto hallado después y la capilla como huella
«Another case of a celestial object ("asub") in Forli: At 1:30 A.M. a fiery lamp was observed for about two hours.» — asiento de Forlì con el término latino de la fuente conservado entre comillas dentro del texto de los autores
«In the middle of the night a dark object took off from Mount Kasuga flying west towards the bay of Osaka, with a sound like a spinning wheel.» — asiento japonés del objeto oscuro sobre el monte Kasuga, con el detalle acústico
«A luminous object crossed the sky. A cotton-like substance fell for the next six hours.» — asiento con caída de sustancia algodonosa, que es uno de los rasgos que ellos siguen a lo largo del catálogo
«The illustration shows that whatever was observed does not to conform to our knowledge of comets.» — contrastan la xilografía de Lycosthenes contra lo que se sabe de cometas, y declaran que no concuerda
«However we should note that the illustration looks similar to drawings of the first multi-stage rockets built around the same time by Conrad Haas.» — la sospecha que ponen sobre esa misma xilografía: se parece a los dibujos de cohetes de varias etapas de Conrad Haas
«We therefore doubt it was drawn in Arabia. Usually such drawings would have been provided by the printers, often taken from very different contexts.» — y la regla general que derivan: las estampas las ponía el impresor, a menudo tomadas de contextos distintos
«Dazzled by the light, the fighters heard a sweet clear voice repeating three times the word "peace," and then everything disappeared.» — asiento de Albisola, 1482, con la palabra que los combatientes dicen haber oído tres veces
«Others saw it as a huge 'cartwheel' floating in the sky.» — consignan las dos descripciones del mismo objeto de Forlì, la mariposa y la rueda de carro, sin escoger entre ellas
«However, had it not been for one such near-disaster they would never have headed west and gone down in history as the first men to reach Brazil in the year 1500.» — la contingencia histórica dicha en condicional contrafáctico: sin ese desastre a punto de ocurrir, Cabral no habría virado al oeste
«Printed works were not immediately popular: some nobles refused to keep printed books in their libraries, fearing that would depreciate their valuable manuscripts.» — la resistencia inicial al libro impreso, atribuida a un cálculo patrimonial
«Printing presses soon began to appear all over Europe.» — y aun así la difusión, en una línea
«On the negative side, it also spread disinformation and misinformation, just as the Internet does today.» — el reverso que le reconocen a la imprenta, con la comparación explícita que ellos hacen con internet
«It became a source of significant profits, two facts that combined to spread sensational news broadsheets of dubious validity, creating incentives to compile information about unusual incidents.» — de dónde sale, según ellos, el incentivo económico para compilar sucesos extraños: la hoja sensacionalista rendía
«The authors of the Malleus Maleficarum, Jacob Sprenger (1436-95), Dean of the Theology Faculty at the University of Cologne, and the prior Heinrich Kramer (1430-1505), divided their treatise into three parts.» — el expediente del Malleus con los cargos de sus dos autores, tal como la obra los da
«The second part deals with the three kinds of maleficia (dark magic) and how they may be "successfully annulled and dissolved.» — la segunda parte del tratado, con la traducción de maleficia entre paréntesis puesta por los propios autores
«The third part considers methods to hold a witchcraft trial and the punishment that best suits each crime.» — la tercera parte, que es la procesal
«The tallest of them denied that God had made the world from eternity.» — lo que sostuvo el mayor de los siete comparecientes ante Facius Cardan, y en lo que los otros no coincidieron
«It may seem a horrid, unfair thought, but it is difficult to read ancient books such as the Malleus Maleficarum or Remy's later De Demonolatriae (1595) without coming away with the impression that today's leading abduction researchers, who abuse witnesses with dubious hypnotic techniques to extract information, would have enjoyed a successful collaboration with the chief inquisitors of yore.» — la comparación más dura del libro, y es suya: los investigadores de raptos que interrogan bajo hipnosis dudosa habrían congeniado con los inquisidores
«Parallel to the expansion of geographic knowledge, navigation, and trade, the world undergoes a deep transformation of ideas under the influence of the humanist philosophy that feeds the Renaissance, blending with mystical notions that refuse to disappear, while early scientists like Copernicus (1473-1543) and Galileo (1564-1642) use critical observation and the experimental method to build new theories of the world that conflict with traditional teachings.» — el cuadro del siglo XVI que arman: humanismo, nociones místicas que no se van y método experimental chocando con la enseñanza tradicional
«He stated that the Florentine physician Antonio Benivieni (1443-1502), who was interested in monsters from the pathological point of view, mentions a wonder that took place between Urbino and Gubbio in 1501: "a horrible appearance in the stormy sky that caused many abortions - what we today call the appearance of a UFO.» — caso de Urbino y Gubbio, 1501, con la cadena declarada: un médico florentino interesado en monstruos como patología, y la equiparación con un ovni puesta por quien los cita
«A priest named Simone Cabasso wrote in 1601 about the adventure of Omodei: "it seemed that the mountains (...) were illuminated by an unusual light (...) He clearly felt lifted from the earth, and transported to a garden, and was taken down to the ground.» — asiento de Mario Omodei con la distancia temporal declarada: el sacerdote escribe casi un siglo después, y las elisiones entre paréntesis son de la obra
«According to Benedictine chronicler Benedetto Lushino's book Vulnera Diligentis (second book, chapter XXII) Michelangelo saw a "triangular sign" one calm night.» — la visión triangular atribuida a Miguel Ángel, con libro y capítulo del cronista benedictino declarados
«He painted a picture of it but this has not survived.» — y la pérdida del único soporte material que habría tenido ese caso
«According to the 17 t h century Moldavian chronicler, Grigore Ureche (ca. 1590-1617), "a great blue sign shining like the face of a man" appeared in the sky.» — asiento moldavo, con el cronista fechado y la distancia respecto del suceso a la vista
«Spanish conquistador Juan de Grijalva (ca. 1489-1527) wrote: "On this day, in the evening, we witnessed a big miracle, and it was that there appeared a star above the ship after sunset, and it moved away, emitting rays of light continuously until it was above the town» — asiento americano en la voz del propio conquistador, que llama milagro a lo que vio; la frase sigue al otro lado del salto de plana
«The Inquisition didn't take long to find out about the good doctor's dealings with the entity, and it was soon revealed that Torralba had been physically transported to faraway places by magical means.» — el caso del doctor Torralba, con el traslado físico presentado como lo que la Inquisición dio por revelado, no como hecho
«Zekiel (or "Zequiel"), however, proved to be Torralba's curse as well as a blessing.» — consignan las dos grafías del nombre de la entidad y el saldo doble que le atribuyen al trato
«He was sentenced to prison on March 6th 1531, but was soon released and allowed to continue his medical practices» — la sentencia y su levantamiento; la condición impuesta era no volver a tratar con Zekiel, y ahí el OCR corrompió la línea
«The Italian inquisitor Paulus Grillandus, whose Tractatus de Hereticis et Sortilegiis had almost as much impact as the Malleus Maleficarum, wrote that a countryman in Rome saw his wife take all her clothes off and go out of the house.» — presentan a Grillandus midiéndolo contra el Malleus, y abren con él la serie de traslados demoníacos
«However, she warned her husband not to pronounce the word "God" during his time with the demons, to which he agreed.» — la prohibición ritual dentro del mismo relato, que es la que después se rompe
«The man saw many famous people at the meeting, all of whom declared their devotion to the Devil in a ceremony.» — lo que el campesino declara haber visto en la asamblea, según Grillandus
«But five days later, Ju Lu died, though nobody knows why.» — asiento chino cerrado con la ignorancia declarada, que ellos no completan
«In 1520 AD in England, at Hereford, a colossal beam of fire was seen in the sky.» — asiento inglés de 1520 en su forma mínima
«There was no need or precedent for complex psychological theories as such illusions were generally attributed to dark Satanic forces.» — por qué la época no necesitó teoría psicológica: la ilusión ya tenía dueño
«The sceptics regarded the whole subject of transvection as a mental illusion that gave a person the sensation of being lifted bodily by devils and taken through the sky.» — la posición escéptica medieval sobre la transvección, expuesta sin adherirse a ella
«Some researchers have speculated on the possibility that some, if not all, abductions and encounters occur in altered states of consciousness and not in the physical world as we know it.» — consignan la hipótesis del estado alterado como propuesta de otros investigadores, con verbo de especular
«Lycosthenes writes: "At the time the city of Utrecht was heavily besieged, a terrible sign was seen in the sky which threw the town inhabitants into dismay and the enemies into the hope of capturing the town.» — asiento de Utrecht, 1528, con Lycosthenes nombrado como quien lo escribe
«It so terrified the populace that some reportedly died of panic and others became ill.» — el efecto sobre la población consignado como lo que reporta la fuente, con muertes de pánico incluidas
«Garcilaso de la Vega, the Incan, writes in Chapter 23 of his work Historic General del Peru, that Tupac Huallpa's fear of his own death was exacerbated by the sighting of a great greenish black 'comet' in August 1533.» — asiento peruano con capítulo y obra del Inca Garcilaso declarados, y la palabra cometa entrecomillada por la propia obra
«Antonio de' Antoni, a poor deaf-mute shepherd of Gardone Val Trompia, was reciting the rosary while his flock was grazing.» — así abren el asiento mariano de Gardone Val Trompia, con la condición del testigo consignada
«Pope Paul III gave the place a consecrated status, and construction was completed in 1539.» — la consecuencia institucional del caso, que es la huella que ellos rastrean
«A black ball-shaped object was seen, apparently "emerging from the middle of the moon" and flying fast towards the North.» — asiento de la esfera negra, con la expresión de la fuente entrecomillada dentro del texto de los autores
«A rod and a cross appeared in the sky at 3 P.M., with a bird-like object above them.» — asiento con hora declarada y tres figuras distintas en el mismo cielo
«The sailors of Hamburg saw in the air, at midnight, a glistening globe fiery like the Sun, rolling towards the northern part.» — el asiento de Hamburgo de 1547 tal como aparece en la Cronología, con una redacción distinta de la que usan en la introducción para el mismo caso
«The sky became darker and about twenty flying "vehicles" were seen coming and going above the houses, along with red flames.» — asiento chino de los veinte vehículos, con la palabra puesta entre comillas por los propios autores
«The people of Saxonia, near Wittemberg, beheld a strange sight, according to Boaistuau in Histoires Prodigieuses.» — asiento sajón con Boaistuau declarado como fuente, que es el eslabón que en la misma sección remontan hasta Lycosthenes y Fincelius
«Valdivia left very few written documents, but one of these, an "instruction" addressed to his representatives at the Court, dated October 15th 1550, mentions two mysterious figures that appeared to the Mapuche Indians shortly before an attack.» — asiento chileno anclado en un documento administrativo fechado, no en una crónica: la instrucción de Valdivia a sus representantes en la Corte
«A woman named Jacquemine Deickens, the wife of Hirache, was accused of sorcery after a being (thought to be the Devil) appeared to her as she was milking the cows.» — asiento judicial flamenco, con el ser calificado de supuesto por la propia entrada
«She was said to have known him carnally, and received a mark on her back, below the left shoulder blade, which proved her guilt.» — la marca corporal como prueba, consignada en voz de dicho y con el razonamiento del tribunal a la vista
«A woman who had uttered some blasphemies during a drinking party was taken up in the air by the devil "in the presence of everyone.» — asiento alemán del rapto ante testigos, con la frase de la fuente entrecomillada dentro del texto de los autores
«Red cylinders in the sky are rumored to have terrified the population.» — asiento de Lisboa consignado como rumor, que es el grado de certeza que la fuente permite
«In the absence of a precise source we cannot say if confusion exists between the two reports.» — declaran la posible duplicación de un caso en su propio catálogo sin resolverla
«Three suns were seen in the sky. Emperor Charles Quint decides to halt the siege of the city.» — asiento de los tres soles y la decisión de Carlos V, presentados uno junto al otro sin ligarlos por causa
«In the absence of more information, these may have been parhelia.» — y la explicación que ellos mismos ofrecen para ese asiento, en condicional
«So far it seems we are dealing with an unusual, but perfectly natural, atmospheric phenomenon.» — conceden la naturalidad del tramo inicial del caso peruano antes de señalar dónde deja de alcanzar
«This description does not match a cometary object, and at 7 A.M. this could hardly have been an aurora borealis.» — y el punto en que deja de alcanzar: ni cometa, ni aurora a las siete de la mañana
«The complex phenomena described here could only be accounted for by a combination of very unusual atmospheric circumstances.» — el cierre que dan al caso de Porco: solo una combinación atmosférica muy inusual lo explicaría
«The social reaction to the phenomenon is even more interesting: "The astonished Indians, covering their faces and spitting in the air, cried:» — declaran que lo que más les interesa del asiento es la reacción social, no el fenómeno
«A possible interpretation of this case would invoke an aurora borealis, but not enough is precisely known to make that determination, so we keep the event with reservation.» — la aurora boreal ofrecida y retirada en la misma frase por falta de datos, con la reserva declarada
«Behind the soldiers came something resembling a large round 'chariot' drawn by oxen.» — asiento de Praga con la palabra de la fuente entrecomillada dentro del texto de los autores
«However, a luminous object could be made out in the air, a circle of fire that persisted until dawn.» — lo que retienen del mismo asiento por encima de las figuras: un círculo de fuego que duró hasta el alba
«Father Guglielmotti wrote that the "sign in the sky...was considered by everyone to be a miracle.» — asiento de Lepanto con el cronista nombrado y la palabra milagro puesta en su boca, no en la de los autores
«All the witnesses regarded this as a good omen and sensed they were on the verge of a great victory.» — la lectura de presagio consignada como la de los testigos
«On October 7th, Selim II, the Sultan of Turkey, was defeated at sea by the Christian fleet, just off the shore of Lepanto.» — y el hecho histórico puesto al lado, sin ligarlo por causa al prodigio
«However, whenever a missile was about to hit them, the crosses vanished momentarily, only to reappear immediately afterwards.» — asiento de las cruces sobre la mezquita, con el comportamiento que la fuente atribuye al objeto
«The Jews replied that the Christians were great magicians, and were trying to frighten them with their magic arts.» — la explicación que da un tercer grupo dentro del mismo episodio: magia cristiana; los autores la consignan sin arbitrar entre las tres lecturas
«The Turkish soldiers decided to retaliate more violently than ever, crushing the Christian troops in armed combat.» — el desenlace bélico del mismo asiento, que va en contra de la lectura de presagio favorable
«His face was so swollen that they didn't recognize him at first.» — asiento suizo de Buchmann, con el efecto físico que ellos siguen a lo largo del catálogo
«Before losing consciousness he could feel that he was being lifted up into the air.» — lo que el testigo declara del episodio mismo
«He was disoriented and confused, with no idea where he was.» — y el estado en que apareció, que es el rasgo por el que retienen el caso
«A wheel-shaped object flew for an hour over the castle on Mount Kasuga.» — asiento japonés con duración declarada, en el registro escueto de la fuente
«She was tried and put to death in 1586, although she had treated the Archbishop of Saint Andrews, who stated he had received benefit from it.» — asiento de Alison Pearson, con la contradicción del propio expediente consignada: la ejecutan pese al testimonio favorable del arzobispo que ella curó
«Sarmiento de Gamboa compares the object to an "adarga." This was a round, oval or heart-shaped shield used in the time of Don Quijote.» — traducen el término del testigo para el lector explicando qué era una adarga, sin sustituirlo en la cita
«It was seen by many over Paris from two o'clock in the afternoon until evening.» — asiento parisino con duración y número de testigos declarados por la fuente
«The witnesses were the great French poet Theodore Agrippa d'Aubigne (1552-1630) and the Marquis de Tors.» — asiento de Beauvais-sous-Matha con los testigos nombrados y fechados; la identificación del testigo es uno de sus cuatro criterios de inclusión
«In 1590 Scottish peasants informed the shire reeve (the king's representative) that a large tubular object had been seen hovering over their town.» — asiento escocés con el canal de denuncia declarado: los campesinos informan al representante del rey
«Farm worker Richard Burt was confronted by a being he described as "a large black cat" and was transported magically to Harrow.» — asiento de traslado, con la descripción del ser en palabras del propio testigo
«When prince Michel the Brave besieged the city of Targoviste, the capital of Wallachia, temporarily occupied by Turks, "a large comet appeared" above the military camp and rested for two hours (according to an Italian report of the facts, redacted in Prague).» — asiento valaco, con la procedencia del informe declarada entre paréntesis: italiano, redactado en Praga
«Science now progresses in great strides: in the last decade Galileo publishes his observations on falling bodies and (in 1593) invents the thermometer.» — el cuadro de época con que abren el siglo XVII, medido en instrumentos
«When 1600 comes around, astronomers Tycho Brahe and Johannes Kepler are working together in Prague, while Dutch opticians have invented the telescope, Kircher has built the first magic lantern and William Gilbert has published the first scientific treatise on magnetism and electricity; The Western world has entered a new era.» — sigue el mismo cuadro, con Brahe y Kepler en Praga, el telescopio, la linterna mágica de Kircher y el primer tratado sobre magnetismo
«Spurred on by strategic and scientific interest in navigation, astronomy underwent unprecedented growth during the seventeenth century.» — atribuyen el crecimiento de la astronomía a un interés estratégico, el de la navegación, antes que a uno especulativo
«Similar progress revolutionized physics, mathematics and medicine, often in spite of the dictates of the Church.» — y consignan que buena parte de ese avance se hizo contra los dictados de la Iglesia
«News of extraordinary phenomena was greeted with keen interest, either for their "philosophical" value or as omens of mystical importance.» — las dos maneras en que la época recibía la noticia extraordinaria, y ninguna de las dos era el descarte
«of the early scientific journals, like the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, often in terms that seem surprisingly open and free compared to the staid, self-censored, dogmatic, and often arrogant scientific literature of today.» — comparan la franqueza de las primeras revistas científicas con la literatura de hoy, que llaman dogmática y a menudo arrogante; el verbatim arranca después de la corrupción que el OCR dejó en la frase
«It should be noted that this event is often confused with a series of unrelated weather phenomena between Nice and Lambesc in France, where "bloody rains" were reported.» — separan su asiento de una serie de lluvias de sangre con las que suele confundirse, que es trabajo de deslinde y no de acumulación
«According to this broadsheet, some terrible and wondrous signs were seen in the heavens in Switzerland, on the 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 6th of July, 1612.» — asiento suizo con la hoja volante nombrada como fuente y los cuatro días consecutivos declarados
«It describes the events rather superficially and repetitively addresses its Christian readers 'young and old' to repent their sins because wondrous signs from heavens are indicators of bad times, war, and menace.» — juzgan la calidad de su propia fuente: superficial y repetitiva, dirigida a arrepentir al lector cristiano
«Far from being rare, such reports of abductions by non-human creatures became commonplace during the 17th century, eventually giving rise to accusations of commerce with the Devil.» — declaran la frecuencia del rapto en el siglo XVII y su consecuencia judicial: la acusación de trato con el Diablo
«Unfortunately many of these stories did not include a date or a place. This one is an exception.» — y por qué la mayoría de esos relatos no entra: sin fecha ni lugar no pasan su segunda regla
«A single object was seen in the sky, described as a four-sided figure.» — asiento japonés de la figura cuadrangular, en el registro escueto de la fuente
«He was praying, looking up at the sky, when suddenly he stopped, astounded by what he saw.» — así abren el asiento de Christophorus Schere sobre el lago Uri
«Gentlemen of the Chapter (in absence of Monsignor the Bishop) began conjuring this evil demon,» — asiento de Quimper, con la jerarquía eclesiástica actuando en ausencia del obispo; la frase sigue con los colores del fuego y ahí el OCR incrustó un número de plana
«Mr. Hart was paralyzed and assaulted by a group of dancing elves at night.» — asiento del círculo de hadas de Wiltshire, con la parálisis como rasgo, que es el que enlaza con la serie moderna
«A 60-year old man named Jean Le Guen, who lived in Riantec near Port-Louis, asserted that he had observed a procession of beings he took to be "angels" in the sky.» — asiento bretón con el testigo nombrado, situado y con su edad; la palabra ángeles se marca como lectura suya
«It is quite significant, therefore, that he regarded two spectacular sightings of unexplained phenomena as being sufficiently important to be recorded for posterity.» — el argumento de autoridad que hacen con John Winthrop: importa quién decidió que valía la pena anotarlo
«When the light had finally vanished, Everell and his friends stood up and were surprised to learn that the boat was now further upstream than it should have been, as if it had been pushed, pulled or carried by an unknown force.» — el desplazamiento del bote como efecto físico del caso de Muddy River, que es el rasgo por el que lo retienen
«It is curious that the men observed that "two or three hours" passed during the spectacle.» — señalan el tiempo perdido como rasgo del asiento, con la expresión de la fuente entrecomillada
«Some researchers would interpret this as a possible alien abduction if it happened today.» — consignan la lectura ufológica en condicional y en boca de otros
«Any speculation at this late date is merely conjecture, but it is interesting to note that at least a superficial resemblance exists between this case and recent claims in the American abduction literature.» — y acotan de inmediato el parecido a superficial, declarando conjetura toda especulación a esta distancia
«A flat disk ("wafer") appeared in the sky along with two human figures designated as "angels."» — asiento portugués con los dos términos de la fuente conservados entre comillas dentro del texto de los autores
«Joseph Aguilera and others saw a globe changing to "three moons," later an enormous light seen for one hour.» — asiento con testigo nombrado y duración declarada
«A sixty-year old man named Jean Coachon, who lived in Calan, near Lanvodan and Vannes, stated that he had witnessed a procession of sky beings he called "angels," circling above the church, with the Virgin among them.» — segundo asiento bretón de procesión celeste, con testigo nombrado y la Virgen entre las figuras según él
«A body large enough to be a satellite was seen near Venus from Naples by the astronomer Francesco Fontana.» — asiento del supuesto satélite de Venus, con el astrónomo y la ciudad de observación declarados
«Anne Jefferies was the daughter of a poor laborer who lived in the parish of St. Teath.» — así abren el caso de Anne Jefferies, situándola por parroquia y por condición
«What surprised Mrs. Pitt the most was not the maid's newfound healing powers but the fact that she seemed to know exactly when and where her fall had happened.» — lo que el propio testimonio señala como más raro no es la curación sino el conocimiento a distancia
«Moses Pitt writes that "People of all Distempers, Sicknesses, Sores, and Ages" travelled from far and wide to Cornwall to see the girl and receive her magical treatment.» — la afluencia que reporta la fuente, con la enumeración de la época conservada entre comillas
«They sent "both the Neighboro-Magistrates and Ministers" to question the maid on the nature of her supernatural contacts.» — la respuesta institucional al caso: magistrados y ministros enviados a interrogarla
«A fleet of airships came from the southeast, carrying many occupants.» — asiento con ocupantes, que es la clase que ellos siguen aparte de las luces
«When the phenomenon vanished, people saw "something like a huge cloud that appeared at a place where nothing was visible before."» — el remate del mismo asiento, con la expresión de la fuente entrecomillada
«But it was when he admitted to being a witch and a sorcerer that the authorities became truly anxious.» — asiento de Thomas Weir, donde lo que alarma a la autoridad es la confesión de brujería y no los otros cargos
«It is interesting that Thomas Weir was driven to coming clean about his private life because of the guilt he felt from having consorted with devils.» — lo que a ellos les llama la atención del caso: la confesión nace de la culpa por el trato con demonios, no de una denuncia
«However, he was old and sick and he had been an important figure in society for as long as people could remember, so at the beginning he had trouble persuading the courts to arrest him.» — y el obstáculo que encontró para ser procesado, que era su propia posición social
«When at last he and his sister were remanded in custody she alone was convicted of witchcraft, while he was "only" found guilty of fornication, incest and bestiality (!).» — el desenlace judicial, con la brujería recayendo solo en la hermana; el signo de admiración es de los autores
«When requested to pray on the eve of his execution, Major Weir answered, screaming, "Torment me no more-I am tormented enough already!"» — la respuesta de Weir en vísperas de la ejecución, recogida por la fuente
«This gives the impression that he was convinced of the physical nature of his acts and of his contact with malign spirits,» — lo que ellos leen en esa respuesta: convicción sobre la naturaleza física de sus actos y de su contacto
«In a letter written in 1656, John Lewis of Cardiganshire (Wales) described the experience of an acquaintance of his:» — asiento galés apoyado en carta fechada, con el testigo a una remove del narrador y eso declarado
«the magistrates and clergy availed themselves of the deep impression which these signs created, to promote a general reformation of manners among the people.» — el uso político y moral que se hizo del avistamiento en Nueva Inglaterra, consignado como parte del caso
«The worthy chronicler does not fail to inform us that "this is testified by an able Minister living not far from the place, who received the information from the spectators themselves".» — señalan, con ironía medida, cómo la propia fuente se acredita a sí misma nombrando a un ministro que habló con los espectadores
«A gentleman of good quality and an Officer of Eminency in the late King's army and now a Justice of the Peace in the Country" reported seeing a bright light in the Southwest, along with six smaller ones.» — asiento inglés donde la fuente acredita al testigo por su rango y su cargo antes que por lo que vio
«The soldiers on guard at the South Blockhouse saw a large fiery object tapering off at one end and leaving a narrow stream behind.» — asiento con testigos militares de guardia, que es otra de las clases de testigo que ponderan
«He saw a large object with a circle around it, and two appendages above and below it, from which great flashes were indeed emitted.» — la descripción de forma que retienen: círculo con dos apéndices arriba y abajo
«Someone who was approaching Hull that same night, coming from Lincolnshire, confirmed the first report: "He saw a very great light in the sky, whereby he could perfectly discern his way, though it was exceedingly dark."» — el segundo testigo que la propia fuente pone al lado del caso de Hull, con la cita dentro del texto de los autores
«One suspects a fireball or very bright meteor, but the story disproves this hypothesis: "Within a little space, this Body of Fire rose up again into the Air, with a tayl (sic) about a Pole long, and went Eastward, where at last it fixed itself in the sky like a star".» — formulan la explicación por bólido y la desarman con el propio relato, que hace subir de nuevo al objeto y quedarse fijo
«A bright object seen in the sky for two hours by a credible witness.» — asiento reducido a lo que ellos consideran mínimo: duración y credibilidad del testigo
«It then diminished until it was no larger than an ordinary star.» — el cambio de tamaño aparente, que es el rasgo con que suelen separar el meteoro
«At 5 A.M. an inhabitant of Hounsditch saw an unexplained, bright object the size of the moon in the eastern sky.» — asiento londinense con hora, lugar y tamaño aparente declarados
«A very large "star" with an "opening" underneath, from which issued streams of fire was seen for thirty minutes.» — asiento con los términos de la fuente conservados entre comillas dentro del texto de los autores
«About 10 P.M. Captain Chelmford, of Ipswich, and another man riding to London saw a fiery light with a green-white glow that changed direction.» — asiento inglés con dos testigos y el cambio de rumbo como rasgo retenido
«The Sun was obscured by a great number of dark balls passing in front of it.» — asiento de los cuerpos oscuros cruzando el disco solar, clase que recorre buena parte del catálogo
«A cloud was seen rising out of the river. It opened up three times, revealing various figures inside.» — asiento ruso de la nube que se abre tres veces, en el registro escueto de la fuente
«Numerous incidents of bedroom visitations, knocks and reports of witness paralysis by lights and humanoid entities.» — agrupan bajo un mismo asiento visitas de alcoba, golpes y parálisis del testigo, que es el complejo que el prologuista estudió como Old Hag
«In the parish of Saint-Martin, near Quimper, a man named Frangois Carre, from Bodeau, saw a red cross in the sky.» — asiento bretón con testigo nombrado y localidad de origen
«Jerome de Lestour, a priest in Caudan in the diocese of Vannes, reports that "fearing to be the victim of an illusion, Carre called his wife without saying anything else than to look in the same direction.» — el control que el propio testigo se impuso, según el sacerdote que lo recoge: llamó a su mujer sin decirle qué mirar
«Aerial ships and a saucer-shaped object with dome were reported flying over the church of this town located near the Baltic Sea, and hovered there till evening.» — asiento báltico con objeto de cúpula y duración declarada
«Witnesses were left trembling, with pain in their head and limbs.» — los efectos físicos sobre los testigos, que ellos siguen como serie a lo largo del catálogo
«The case is described in researcher Illobrand Von Ludwiger's book Best UFO Cases - Europe published by the National Institute for Discovery Science in 1998.» — declaran la fuente moderna del asiento con editorial y año, y no la fuente de época
«There is no question that the account is authentic, although the date may be incorrect by a few days.» — separan autenticidad del documento de exactitud de la fecha, que es una distinción que hacen a menudo
«After publication of von Ludwiger's book, some skeptics argued the observation could be accounted for by a mirage.» — consignan la objeción escéptica al caso con su fecha de aparición, sin adherirse ni descartarla
«Jacob Olsen, 24, was awakened by a luminous visitor who healed him.» — asiento con curación atribuida, edad del testigo incluida
«They all agreed that such things had been seen many times before, and that the only possible explanation was that God sent them as signs to commemorate the lives of martyrs from the area.» — la explicación que el propio pueblo dio a las luces, consignada como dato de interpretación local
«The fact that Munoz was new to the village and had never heard of the phenomenon was taken as proof that such things were not a mere figment of the imagination.» — y el argumento con que la aldea se convenció, que es de control: el testigo nuevo no conocía el fenómeno
«Sometimes they would be seen over the rooftops, but usually at ground level, and could range in size from tiny to several meters across.» — el rango de tamaño y de altura que la fuente atribuye a esas luces recurrentes
«According to her own writings, during a dance at a Christmas party, when she was 15 years old, Lead heard a miraculous disembodied voice.» — así abren la serie de Jane Lead, con la atribución marcada: es lo que ella escribe de sí misma
«The great astronomer and planetary observer Giovanni Domenico Cassini, who was director of Paris Observatory at the time, recorded the presence of an object that seemed to be a satellite of Venus.» — asiento de Cassini con su cargo declarado, y el objeto dicho en condicional: lo que parecía un satélite
«He would not announce this discovery until he saw the object again, in 1686.» — la cautela del propio astrónomo, que ellos consignan como conducta ejemplar: no anunció hasta volver a verlo
«Captain Isaac Guiton reports that a "star" came down; it split into two "ships", while a third one appeared later.» — asiento de Cherburgo con el testigo nombrado por grado y las palabras de la fuente entrecomilladas
«A dark, elongated cloud flies "like an arrow," on a N to SE trajectory.» — asiento con la comparación de la fuente conservada y el rumbo reducido a iniciales
«While this apparition could be interpreted as an effect of schizophrenia this report» — ponen la lectura psiquiátrica y la ufológica una junto a otra sin escoger; la frase remata diciendo que hoy se leería como visita de alcoba, y el OCR incrustó ahí un número de plana
«Spiritual writer Jane Lead witnessed an object in the sky that she took to be "the eye of God.» — asiento de Jane Lead con su oficio declarado y la lectura teológica atribuida a ella
«A fiery 'meteor' in the shape of a dart moved with a wavy vibrating motion.» — asiento donde el término meteoro va entrecomillado por los propios autores, que es como marcan que no lo suscriben
«At 7 P.M., according to Morton, an "unusual meteor" was seen by residents of Northamptonshire.» — asiento inglés con la fuente nombrada y la hora declarada
«Spiritual writer Jane Lead wrote that during the night she had been "cast as into a magical Sleep, where I saw my self carried into a Wilderness.» — otro asiento de Lead, con el sueño mágico que ella misma llama así
«She asked some of the figures beside her if they could see what she could, and mysteriously they said they couldn't!» — lo que ellos retienen del relato de Lead: los demás presentes no veían lo que ella veía; el signo de admiración es de los autores
«A large black cloud-like mass landed in a field, releasing a huge hair-covered being that appeared - and disappeared.» — asiento de Lisboa, 1680, con la aparición y la desaparición dichas en el mismo renglón
«About 10 A.M. a priest from Lannion saw "a flame in the shape of a teardrop, as big as one's hand, coming down from the sky.» — asiento bretón con testigo eclesiástico, hora y tamaño aparente medido con la mano
«A second observation by Cassini of the supposed satellite of Venus, which would later be named "Neith."» — la segunda observación de Cassini y el nombre que después recibiría el objeto, atribuido más adelante en el libro a Houzeau
«This object threw such brilliant lights that he dared not look at it directly.» — el efecto sobre el observador que retienen del asiento de Leipzig
«At nightfall, the flying object lost its yellow color and turned paler and blurry.» — el cambio de aspecto con la caída de la luz, que es dato contra la explicación por astro
«About 4:45 A.M., a fiery object shaped like a half-moon changed into a bright sword and "ran westward."» — asiento inglés con cambio de forma y la expresión de la fuente entrecomillada
«In broad daylight, three luminous objects like the sun, moon and a star appeared, sparkling "in an unearthly way."» — asiento a plena luz del día, con el juicio de la fuente conservado entre comillas
«An object split into four luminous parts, the center being dark, with a human form inside.» — asiento con figura humana dentro del objeto, que es la clase que ellos separan de las luces sin ocupante
«Such enigmas continued to be seen in the light of theology, to the grave detriment of poor witnesses accused of commerce with demons, but a new philosophical movement would soon remove the old religious backdrop in favor of a revolutionary, "experimental" mode of thinking» — el tránsito que declaran del siglo XVII al XVIII, con el costo humano del marco anterior dicho de paso: los testigos acusados de trato con demonios
«Mirabilis Annus claimed that a Surrey gentleman had a vision of a glorious cathedral in the sky beside a small church with a star inside it.» — asiento con la fuente nombrada y con verbo de reclamar, no de reportar: la catedral celeste frente a la iglesia pequeña
«The prodigies that Mirabilis Annus actually recounted, which divided into the four categories of prodigies of air, fire, earth and water, and judgments on particular individuals, continued to undermine the regime's legitimacy by depicting it as sinful and weak.» — la función política del repertorio: los prodigios repartidos en aire, fuego, tierra y agua servían para deslegitimar al régimen
«Even less subtle was the appearance of a black cloud dropping fire over Westminster Palace and the Parliament House.» — el ejemplo con que muestran hasta dónde llegaba esa carga simbólica, y el adjetivo es de ellos
«We are left with the fact that the interpretation of the reported events is generally biased by the writer who recounts the cases, but that may be the price we have to pay for» — el sesgo del cronista aceptado como precio; la frase remata al otro lado del salto de plana diciendo que ese precio compra el único conocimiento disponible del fenómeno
«As to the actual explanation for the sightings, it is left for us to discover.» — y la abstención que ponen inmediatamente después: la explicación queda por descubrir
«Often called "The Century of Enlightenment," the eighteenth century is characterized by intense interest for the rational study of nature, systematic investigation of "meteors," the rise of an international community of scientists and "natural philosophers," experiments with electricity, Benjamin Franklin's demonstrations of the nature of lightning, the wide development of navigation, the worldwide recognition and imitation of the Royal Society, and early attempts to fly culminating in the first manned balloons.» — el cuadro del siglo XVIII, con el estudio sistemático de los meteoros entre sus rasgos
«Unlike modern "rationalists," however, intellectuals who considered themselves enlightened were dedicated to careful observation of nature and did not recoil before its more mysterious aspects.» — su contraste entre el ilustrado del XVIII y el racionalista de hoy: el primero no retrocedía ante lo misterioso
«An old man, a smith named Tiittu, is said by a local story to have disappeared shortly after a flying disk hovered over the village.» — asiento finlandés consignado como historia local y en voz de dicho
«Villagers believed that it was a mark of the end of the world.» — la lectura de la aldea, consignada como suya
«He claimed the story was a local tradition in Sahalahti, in East Finland.» — marcan el estatuto de la fuente: quien lo cuenta lo declara tradición local
«However, no confirmation for this exists except for a single letter, which is now lost.» — y declaran que la única confirmación posible está perdida, con lo que el caso queda sin respaldo documental
«People saw the sky "crisscrossed with sparkling boat-like objects" chasing one another, blending and separating, multiplying in plain view.» — asiento con la expresión de la fuente entrecomillada y el comportamiento en formación
«We have too little information to conclude they saw an aurora borealis.» — la explicación por aurora no descartada sino declarada indecidible por falta de datos
«The phenomenon was described by "the Worshipful Charles Kirkham, Esq." as "a long dark Cloud» — asiento inglés con el testigo acreditado por tratamiento y título, tal como lo imprime la fuente
«In the absence of a more complete description, we cannot exclude the notion that witnesses may have observed an aurora borealis.» — la aurora dejada como posibilidad abierta por falta de descripción, no descartada ni afirmada
«A local story claims that three men came out of a cloud, had a meal at the market, took off and flew south.» — asiento consignado con verbo de reclamar y como historia local, que es el grado de crédito que le dan
«He wrote that at 11:30 P.M. he saw, from Salamanca, "an amazing Globe of fire," as large as a building.» — asiento de Salamanca con la expresión del testigo entrecomillada y el tamaño aparente comparado con un edificio
«The columns changed from green to red and the light from the phenomenon illuminated the surrounding area.» — el cambio de color y la iluminación del entorno, rasgos que ellos siguen para separar la aurora
«It remained stationary for one hour.» — la duración como único dato retenido de un asiento, que es el mínimo que su tercera regla admite
«It did not look anything like aurora borealis, because the light beams were moving» — descartan la aurora por el modo de moverse los haces; la frase sigue diciendo que se movían despacio y luego se detuvieron, y ahí el OCR incrustó un número de plana
«Astronomer and mathematician James Short, one of the most prolific telescope makers of the 18 t h century, reported his observation of what he thought was a satellite of Venus (later called "Neith" by Hozeau).» — asiento del supuesto satélite de Venus con el oficio del observador declarado, que es lo que le da peso
«'Slow' meteors are known to exist but they are poorly explained: Camille Flammarion called them bradytes but he acknowledged they were extremely rare.» — admiten la categoría del meteoro lento y declaran a la vez que está mal explicada, con Flammarion de autoridad
«If this happened today we would suspect a satellite re-entry, but there was no such thing in 1743.» — el razonamiento por época que aplican para no importar explicaciones modernas a un caso antiguo
«Twenty-six witnesses, including a judge, observed a troop of armed men in the sky above a hill:» — asiento con número de testigos y con uno de ellos acreditado por cargo, que es su cuarta regla en acción
«Eleven witnesses swore before the city council of Aberdeen they had observed three globes of light, men and armies in the sky, at 2 P.M. in a valley located five miles west of the city.» — asiento de Aberdeen anclado en declaración jurada ante el concejo, con hora y distancia declaradas
«In cases of "armies in the sky" and heavenly battles we generally suspect an aurora, but the timing of this sighting (early afternoon) excludes this interpretation.» — declaran su explicación por defecto para los ejércitos en el cielo y dicen qué dato la excluye en este caso: la hora
«Reverend George Costard reported seeing an object shaped like a trumpet, flying over Stanlake Broad about 8 P.M.» — asiento inglés con testigo eclesiástico nombrado, lugar y hora
«A man named " Yashka" reportedly met a stranger dressed in white who took him to a flying cauldron.» — asiento ruso en voz de dicho, con el término de la fuente conservado
«Astronomer Andreas Mayer reported an observation of a planetoid object seemingly orbiting Venus.» — asiento del planetoide de Venus con el astrónomo nombrado y el verbo en condicional
«Prominent French astronomer J. L. Lagrange observed an object that seemed to be in orbit around Venus.» — otro asiento de la misma serie, y la serie entera es el caso que ellos usan para mostrar que un objeto puede ser observado repetidamente por astrónomos y no existir
«He announced that its orbital plane was perpendicular to the ecliptic.» — hasta dónde llegó ese objeto en la literatura astronómica: se le calculó un plano orbital
«Astronomer Scheuten reported an object that he observed while tracking Venus in transit across the disk of the Sun.» — tercer astrónomo de la misma serie, observando durante un tránsito de Venus
«He missed it the next day, and commented, "Perhaps this is a new planet."» — la hipótesis que el propio observador se atrevió a escribir, citada dentro del asiento
«Monsieur de Rostan, an astronomer and member of the Medicophysical Society of Basel, Switzerland, observed the object with the aid of a telescope as it eclipsed the sun.» — asiento suizo con el instrumento y la afiliación del observador declarados
«The drawing has not been preserved, unfortunately, but there is no doubt that it once existed and was regarded with some amazement.» — declaran la pérdida del único soporte gráfico del caso y sostienen a la vez que existió
«Lichtenberg saw, with the naked eye, a gre$! round spot of about one twelfth the diameter of the Sun, traverse a chord of 70° in 3 hours.» — asiento con medida angular y duración, que es la clase de dato que ellos consideran fuerte; el OCR corrompió una palabra dentro de la frase
«Astronomer Christian Horrebow reported an observation of "a small light, that was not a star" which appeared to be in orbit around Venus.» — otro asiento de la serie del satélite de Venus, con la expresión del observador entrecomillada
«About 8:30 P.M. people saw a fiery globe larger than the sun in a northerly direction.» — asiento escocés con hora, tamaño aparente y rumbo
«A large "star" in the Southeast rose and fell three times, followed by another one that "crashed in a village."» — asiento chino con dos objetos, uno de ellos con impacto declarado por la fuente
«The story did not obtain universal credit, but some people believed it.» — consignan la división de opinión que el propio caso produjo en su tiempo, sin resolverla
«An unusual "meteor" crosses the sky towards the south and returns north, then makes a 45-degree turn to the northwest, proving it was no natural object, and certainly not a meteor.» — el argumento de trayectoria llevado a su forma más clara: la vuelta y el giro de cuarenta y cinco grados excluyen el meteoro
«The sighting lasted some five minutes in all.» — la duración declarada como dato del asiento
«A particularly graphic case of a shape-changing UFO was reported by a Northumberland schoolteacher, Alexander Campbell, and a friend.» — asiento inglés con el testigo nombrado y su oficio declarado
«In 1797, German astronomer Olbers had published a method for calculating the orbits of comets, thus removing them from the realm of cosmic enigmas to treat them rationally as solar system objects.» — fechan el momento en que el cometa deja de ser enigma y pasa a ser objeto calculable, que es lo que les permite después usarlo como filtro
«By the end of the 18 t h century political events reflected a nearly-universal thirst for knowledge and liberty, and the rejection of authoritarian principles.» — el cuadro político con que cierran el siglo XVIII
«In 1800 William Herschel discovered infrared solar rays and Volta produced electricity from batteries of zinc and copper.» — y el cuadro científico del mismo cambio de siglo, medido en descubrimientos
«If Newton could order the cosmos with natural philosophy, so, many argued, could political philosophy order the body politic.» — la analogía de época que consignan, con la atribución marcada: es lo que muchos argumentaban
«This was also the period when humanity began to challenge gravity as well, and made the first attempts to fly.» — el hito que hace de bisagra para su propio corte: cuando el hombre empieza a volar
«When playing with inverted paper bags over open fire they found that the bags rose to the ceiling.» — el origen del globo contado como accidente de juego
«On June 5, 1783, as a first public demonstration, they sent up at Annonay a 900 m 3 linen bag inflated with hot air.» — la primera demostración pública de Annonay, con volumen y material declarados
«The subsequent test sent up the first living beings in a basket: a sheep, a duck and a cockerel, to ascertain the effects of higher altitude.» — la prueba con animales antes que con hombres, con su propósito declarado
«This was performed at Versailles, before Louis XVI of France, to gain his permission for a trial human flight.» — y el trámite político que la prueba servía a cubrir
«On November 21, 1783, the first free flight by humans was made by Pilatre de Rozier and the Marquis d'Arlandes, who flew aloft for 25 minutes about 100 m above Paris for nine kilometers.» — el primer vuelo humano libre con sus dos nombres, su duración, su altura y su distancia
«In the course of their observations scientists, both amateur and professional, noted unknown phenomena and reported them without fear of censorship or ridicule.» — lo que a su juicio distingue al siglo XIX: el observador reportaba sin temor a la censura ni al ridículo
«When Le Verrier, the celebrated director of Paris observatory whose brilliant calculations led to the discovery of Neptune in 1846, tried to prove his hypothesis about the existence of an intra-mercurial planet, he actually encouraged serious observers the world over to come forward with any sighting of unknown objects in the vicinity of the sun.» — el mecanismo institucional que explica la abundancia de reportes solares del siglo XIX: un director de observatorio pidiendo públicamente observaciones para probar su hipótesis de Vulcano
«Le Verrier reports an unknown dark object seen by Fritsch, rapidly crossing the sun's disk.» — asiento de esa serie, con el reportante y el observador nombrados por separado
«The object was about one third the apparent size of the moon.» — el tamaño aparente como dato del asiento, medido contra la luna
«Cummings wrote that the entity was encountered on scores of occasions, and in his report he included thirty affidavits from witnesses to prove it.» — el aparato probatorio del propio Cummings: treinta declaraciones juradas anexas al informe
«In all cases a small luminous cloud appeared first and then grew until it took the form of the deceased woman.» — la secuencia constante que ellos extraen de esos casos: primero nube luminosa, después figura
«The sighting went on for about an hour, during which time Mrs. Reaves sent for Mr. Robert Siercy.» — asiento de Patsey Reaves en Chimney Rock, con la duración y con el testigo convocado a propósito
«The latter was reluctant to come as "he expected to see nothing extraordinary," but after a second messenger was sent to him he finally arrived.» — consignan la resistencia previa del testigo, que es lo que lo vuelve buen testigo para ellos
«Dr. Ranlett, a historian at the State University College at Potsdam, finds it significant that Cynthia Everett did not explain what she witnessed as a natural phenomenon, although she was well educated and had firsthand knowledge about the night sky.» — atribuyen a un historiador, con su cargo, el argumento de que la testigo tenía instrucción y conocía el cielo y aun así no lo explicó como fenómeno natural
«Afanasyev ruled out the possibility of a hoax based on the age of the paper and the writing style.» — el criterio material con que otro investigador descartó el fraude, consignado como suyo: edad del papel y estilo de escritura
«No lightning came from the clouds where these lights were playing.» — el control negativo dentro del asiento holandés: no hubo relámpago donde jugaban las luces
«According to writer Ahmad Jamaludin, there are abduction cases in Malaysia and Indonesia where the entities involved are thought to have stepped out of a coexisting world.» — la lectura del mundo coexistente atribuida por nombre a un autor malasio, no suscrita por ellos
«They were not subjected to medical examinations. No messages were given and the motive behind the abduction was never known.» — y lo que falta en esos casos frente a la serie moderna: ni examen médico ni mensaje ni motivo
«It is difficult to imagine a natural phenomenon with these characteristics.» — la fórmula con que retienen un caso, dicha por la negativa y sin proponer alternativa
«Its duration is also an anomaly, as it lasted forty-five minutes before turning into a column of fire and rising towards the sky.» — la duración cronometrada como segundo argumento, con el desenlace del objeto declarado
«Four human figures were seen, enclosed inside the objects, which looked like lanterns.» — asiento con ocupantes dentro del objeto, que es la clase que separan de las luces sin figura
«Although first described as a "cloud," it became completely stationary in spite of the wind and remained in that position until about noon, when it suddenly sped off to the south, revolving on its own axis, and emitting rumbling noises that culminated in an explosion.» — cómo separan el término de la fuente del comportamiento que describe: nube que se queda quieta contra el viento, gira sobre su eje y estalla
«We have not traced an earlier source.» — la fórmula con que declaran no haber llegado a la fuente primaria, repetida caso por caso
«Astronomer J.W. Pastorff (1767-1838) observed what he thought was a "comet" close to the Sun, but Olbers pointed out it could not have been a comet.» — asiento con la objeción de Olbers dentro de la propia entrada: el observador creyó ver un cometa y otro astrónomo lo negó
«It is notable that this observation, initially published in Reverend Webb's well-known astronomy handbooks, has been deleted from recent editions!» — señalan la desaparición del dato entre ediciones de un manual de astronomía, que es la clase de borrado que a ellos les interesa documentar
«They would stop whenever he stopped to look back at them, and then resume their movement as he started walking again, but never came closer than within 50 feet.» — la conducta reactiva del objeto y su distancia mínima, dos rasgos que ellos retienen
«Such glowing balls had been seen in the area since 1750, moving slowly in mid-air, so one may suspect a natural phenomenon.» — y la explicación natural que ellos mismos ofrecen a continuación, apoyada en la recurrencia local desde 1750
«People leaving a theatre observed a luminous globe in the air, which did not vanish until daybreak.» — asiento con duración larga declarada, que es lo que lo separa del meteoro
«Astronomer Pastorff sees two round spots passing in front of the Sun.» — otro asiento de la serie de tránsitos solares del siglo XIX
«English naturalist Andrew Bloxam and others saw a large red luminous object rise, illuminating everything.» — asiento con testigo acreditado por oficio y con testigos acompañantes
«A man named Lieuwe Klaasens and a pastor saw a fireball land nearby, taking form as a fiery man who flew up.» — asiento holandés con dos testigos y con el objeto tomando forma humana según la fuente
«Allegedly, tall strangers appeared in the town at the same time.» — el detalle de los extraños altos consignado con adverbio de reserva, que es como marcan lo que no pueden sostener
«It is interesting that the light was not considered related to the murder at the time.» — señalan que el nexo entre la luz y el crimen no lo hizo la época sino la lectura posterior
«Flickering lights, often an ignis fatuus, emerge in many medieval stories to indicate a burial or significant site.» — identifican el motivo folklórico de la luz que señala sepultura antes de fichar el caso
«A ball of bright light accompanied by "falling stars" hovered for 15 minutes.» — asiento con duración y con la expresión de la fuente entrecomillada
«At 6:35 P.M., during twilight, a man observed an object as bright as Venus, about the same elevation but a little to the right of it.» — asiento con hora al minuto y con la posición referida a Venus, que es referencia comprobable
«It assumed a serpentine shape and became stationary extending over 12 to 15 degrees and retaining its brilliance for about two minutes.» — el cambio de forma y la extensión angular medida, que ellos retienen como dato duro
«A pyramid-shaped meteor appears and heads off towards a mountain, leaving a "gloomy tail."» — asiento con la expresión de la fuente conservada entre comillas dentro del texto de los autores
«At 10 P.M. there appeared, almost on the horizon to the north, a globe-shaped whitish mass as large as the moon; for several minutes it hovered in the air, after which it slowly descended to the ground and disappeared, leaving a zigzag trail.» — asiento ruso de Sarátov, con el tamaño comparado a la luna y la estela en zigzag
«Two unexplained objects crossing the face of the sun, reported by astronomer Pastorff: they were of unequal size, changing position relative to each other.» — asiento de la serie solar, con el rasgo que lo separa de una mancha: los dos cuerpos cambian de posición entre sí
«Astronomer De Cuppis of the Royal College: unknown body similar to a planet passes in front of the sun.» — asiento con el observador acreditado por institución
«This is one of the main observations selected by Le Verrier to compute his orbit of Vulcan.» — y su papel en la historia de la ciencia: fue una de las observaciones con que Le Verrier calculó la órbita de un planeta que no existe
«Astronomer Glaisher: A luminous object as bright as Jupiter, "sending out quick flickering waves of light.» — asiento con el astrónomo nombrado y la comparación de brillo con Júpiter
«An object falling from the sky is found to be "only slag."» — consignan el residuo material y el dictamen que lo desactiva, con la palabra de la fuente entrecomillada
«At 2:30 A.M. Dr. Moreau was returning from a visit to a patient's home by warm, calm weather when he found himself bathed in the light coming from a globe that seemed to open up, emitting hundreds of star-like objects.» — asiento francés con testigo acreditado por oficio, hora y condiciones meteorológicas declaradas
«The parish priest declared the lady to be the Blessed Virgin; the apparitions were later approved by the Bishop of Grenoble, and pilgrimages began.» — asiento de La Salette con la cadena institucional a la vista: el párroco identifica, el obispo aprueba y empieza la peregrinación
«This phenomenon may well have been related to the first sighting for this date, above.» — ligan dos asientos suyos de la misma fecha en condicional, sin fundirlos
«The light did not come as a bolt of lightning but rather as a compact flame that terrified the witnesses.» — descartan el relámpago por la forma misma de la luz
«Several people in the vicinity felt the sudden increase in heat, although they were not in a position to see the light.» — el efecto térmico separado del visual, que es la clase de corroboración independiente que ellos buscan
«A large object reported by Mr. Symonds was stationary at two points of its trajectory, which took seven minutes.» — asiento con testigo nombrado, duración y dos detenciones en la trayectoria
«Astronomer Schmidt reports an unknown celestial object crossing the disk of the sun.» — otro asiento de la serie de tránsitos solares, con el astrónomo nombrado
«This is one of the observations judged reliable enough by Le Verrier to compute his orbit» — marcan qué observaciones entraron en el cálculo de Le Verrier, que es lo que las vuelve interesantes como caso de historia de la ciencia
«About 7:45 P.M., by snowy weather, a bright light appeared above the trees.» — asiento con hora y condiciones meteorológicas declaradas
«It scintillated, seemed ready to disappear, then was reignited and finally disappeared.» — el reencendido como rasgo, que es lo que separa el caso de una simple extinción
«At 6:50 P.M. according to Mr. W. H. Weekes, a small luminous object appeared stationary near Orion and approached slowly on a straight line, growing to one third the apparent diameter of the moon.» — asiento con testigo nombrado y con la posición inicial referida a Orión
«It went from a speck of light to a "red-hot iron ball," hovered for about three minutes and disappeared in a shower of fire.» — la secuencia completa del mismo asiento, con la comparación del testigo entrecomillada
«The object had remained stationary for 1 min 45 seconds, then moved horizontally for a full 45 seconds.» — las dos fases cronometradas por separado, que es el grado de detalle que ellos ponderan
«Mr. Goulvier-Gravier, founder of a private observatory dedicated to meteoritics, observed a magnitude 3 "shooting star" that came from the southeast and reversed course at 4:45 A.M.» — asiento con el observador acreditado por su propio observatorio de meteoritos, y con la inversión de rumbo como rasgo
«A witness named Amede Guillemin, who lived on Rue Arnelot, observed an object moving extremely slowly, horizontally above Pere-Lachaise cemetery. The object was "a pale red disk.» — asiento parisino con testigo nombrado, domicilio y el punto de referencia en tierra
«A contributor named R. P. Greg reports that a friend of his saw an object equal in size to Mercury in the vicinity of that planet, and behind it an elongated object, and "behind that something else, smaller and round.» — asiento donde marcan la distancia del informante: es lo que un corresponsal reporta de un amigo suyo
«Just about sunset several witnesses observed an object "the size of a balloon" moving with great rapidity in a south-westerly direction: "Notwithstanding the light of day was still strong and clear, the illumination of the object was brilliant and distinct» — asiento estadounidense con varios testigos y con la comparación de tamaño puesta por la propia fuente
«The comet hypothesis is not tenable in this case.» — el descarte del cometa dicho en una línea, sin sustituirlo por otra hipótesis
«Astronomers recorded, at 9:50 P.M., a luminous object that moved quickly across the sky, stopped, changed course to the west, then to the south, where it hovered for four minutes before heading north.» — asiento con observadores profesionales y con una secuencia de cambios de rumbo cronometrada
«The following account, based upon a transcript of a manuscript that has never been located, must be taken with great caution.» — la advertencia con que abren el caso Birmingham: el manuscrito original nunca apareció y solo tienen una transcripción
«It purports to tell the story of Mr. Frederick William Birmingham, an engineer and local council alderman, who saw what he described as an "Ark" as he was standing under the verandah of his rented cottage in Duck's Lane and looked up to the sky:» — y el verbo con que lo introducen, que es de pretensión y no de hecho; el testigo va acreditado por oficio y por cargo municipal
«The machine has not the shape of anything that has life." This observation led to a classic contact or abduction scenario:» — así clasifican el caso una vez expuesto: escenario clásico de contacto o rapto, dicho por ellos
«He took this observation to be another divine instruction, the meaning of which he could not decipher.» — la lectura religiosa que el propio testigo dio a su caso, consignada como suya y sin descifrar
«Associated with this sighting, and with the papers that contained formulas to make a flying machine, the witness later experienced paranormal phenomena.» — consignan el racimo de fenómenos alrededor del mismo testigo, que es lo que complica el caso en vez de reforzarlo
«Some time later he experienced poltergeist phenomena when the latch of a gate kept raising itself in full view without visible cause.» — el episodio de poltergeist dentro del mismo expediente, que ellos no separan del avistamiento
«Homan made a transcription of the book, including the sketches contained in it, with the help of four other people.» — la cadena de custodia del cuaderno de Birmingham, declarada hasta el transcriptor y sus colaboradores
«The object was described as "a circular cloud" light gray in color with a semicircle near the center and four arm-like appendages reaching from the center to the edge of the circle.» — asiento con la descripción de forma que ellos retienen: círculo con semicírculo central y cuatro apéndices
«It was last seen at 7:20 P.M. about 30 degrees above the horizon.» — hora y elevación finales como cierre del asiento
«The object moved to the northeast, much lower than the cloud cover.» — la altura relativa a las nubes, que es el dato con que se acota la distancia
«It moved eastward, slowly, clocked for no less than nine minutes.» — la duración cronometrada, que es lo que en su método excluye el meteoro
«Camille Flammarion and Mr. Vinot, editor of Journal du Ciel, later made inquiries that confirmed the sighting.» — la verificación posterior atribuida por nombre a Flammarion y al editor del Journal du Ciel
«Professor Schafarik observed "an object of so peculiar a character that I do not know what to make of it."» — asiento donde el propio astrónomo declara no saber qué hacer con lo que vio
«Mr. Weber, of Berlin, observed what he believed to be an intra-mercurial planetoid.» — asiento de la serie de Vulcano, con el verbo puesto en la creencia del observador
«Astronomer Wolf reported this sighting to Le Verrier in August 1876.» — la ruta institucional del reporte, que es lo que hacía crecer esa serie de observaciones
«A possible interpretation of this observation would be an exceedingly unlikely train of identical meteorites falling directly in the direction of the observer over a period of several minutes.» — ofrecen la explicación posible y ellos mismos la califican de sumamente improbable
«Mr. John Martin, a farmer who lived some six miles north of town, was out hunting in the morning when his attention was directed to a dark object in the northern sky.» — asiento de Denison, Texas, con el testigo nombrado, su oficio y su distancia al pueblo
«Going through space at a wonderful speed, it came directly overhead and Mr. Martin compared it to "a large saucer."» — la comparación del testigo consignada entre comillas, que es el punto por el que este asiento se cita en la literatura
«John Martin's use of the term seems to relate to the size of the object rather than its shape, just as Kenneth Arnold, in 1947, would use it to describe the motion of the crescent-shaped objects he witnessed.» — deshacen la lectura fácil de esa palabra: en Martin refiere al tamaño, y en Kenneth Arnold, en 1947, al movimiento y no a la forma
«The possibility that Martin observed a balloon must also be considered.» — y dejan abierta la explicación mundana para su propio caso célebre
«The article finishes with the statement that the light was also seen by others in the neighborhood, none of whom could explain the strange occurrence.» — señalan cómo cierra la propia nota de prensa, con testigos adicionales y sin explicación
«Professor Watson has observed a shining object at a considerable distance from the sun during the total eclipse.» — asiento del eclipse de 1878, con el astrónomo nombrado
«Astronomer Lockyer commented: "There is little doubt that an Intra-Mercurial planet has been discovered by Professor Watson."» — la certeza con que un astrónomo declaró descubierto un planeta que no existe, citada con su nombre
«The duration of the phenomenon, however, makes it most unusual.» — la duración vuelve a ser el criterio con que retienen un caso pese a todo lo demás
«It is noteworthy that an employee of the Times named Thomas Lloyd saw this balloon as it was very high in the southeast and traveled south slowly, rising and falling in its course.» — asiento donde el testigo trabaja en un periódico, y el objeto sube y baja en su recorrido
«Note: Jupiter has other satellites that were unknown at the time, but they are much smaller than the four satellites in question» — bajo el rótulo Note, que solo usan siete veces, cierran la puerta a la explicación por satélites entonces desconocidos
«It is noteworthy that the last eight sightings in the Chronology come from the United States, and that the last one is a report of an unknown "airship" flying slowly over a city.» — cómo describen el final de su propia Cronología: los últimos ocho casos son estadounidenses y el último es una nave aérea sobre una ciudad
«But that, as journalists of the nineteenth century liked to say, "is another story."» — con esa fórmula de época cierran el catálogo y dejan fuera la oleada de aeronaves de fin de siglo
«It is not for lack of data that we decided to stop this chronology when we did.» — declaran que el corte de 1880 no obedece a falta de material
«The records of that era, now known as "the Airship Wave," if they are ever analyzed and published, will dwarf the present book.» — y dicen cuánto queda fuera: la oleada de aeronaves, si alguna vez se analiza y publica, empequeñecería este libro
«In our effort to understand how certain recurring themes linked to unexplained aerial phenomena have evolved and spread throughout human history, we have tested many claims for the sake of accuracy.» — así abren la Parte II, que es la sección del material que ellos RECHAZAN: lo publican por exactitud, no por respaldo
«Several serious authors, such as Alexander Kazantsev and professor Agrest in Russia or Aime Michel in France, have suggested that some prehistoric rock carvings and primitive statues were indicative of contact with non-human visitors from the sky.» — dentro de esa sección de descartes, separan a Kazantsev, Agrest y Aimé Michel como autores serios, aunque su propuesta sobre los grabados rupestres tampoco entra en la Cronología
«Although such accounts are too vague in date and circumstances to be included in our chronology, they cannot be ignored in any study of the history of the field.» — la razón exacta del descarte y su límite: demasiado vagos en fecha y circunstancia para la Cronología, pero no ignorables para la historia del campo
«Having said this, the reliability of these accounts must be critically challenged, either because they were the product of poetic imagination, because they were fabrications used in blatant support of political or religious movements of the time, or because they were invented by opportunistic authors and popularized by overly credulous readers.» — las tres vías por las que, en la sección de rechazos, un relato puede ser falso: imaginación poética, fabricación al servicio de un movimiento político o religioso, e invención de autor oportunista popularizada por lector crédulo
«The natural mechanism for such phenomena was not fully understood by physicists until the present (21st ) century.» — dentro de la categoría de rechazo por fenómeno natural, recuerdan que el propio mecanismo natural se entendió tarde
«It would be most interesting to compile an exhaustive list of events reported in the ancient literature under the general topic of sky phenomena.» — el trabajo que declaran no haber hecho y que dejan propuesto, en la misma sección de descartes
«The present case, however, which is little known even within the paranormal community, must set some sort of record in terms of the extremely ancient date of the alleged incident.» — presentan el caso de Kentucky dentro del material rechazado, con la fecha marcada como alegada
«Steiger himself was not entirely convinced.» — y consignan que ni siquiera quien lo divulgó quedó convencido; el caso está en la sección que los autores descartan
«After some more interpretation the researchers arrived at a breathtaking theory: the craft had come from outer space and crashed into a large body of water during the last ice age.» — así resumen la teoría del fósil de Kentucky, dentro de la sección de material que los autores rechazan
«It is evident from the information presented in Beyond and Flying Saucers that neither Gray nor Ratliff were able to present any basis for their incredible theory other than their own imaginative interpretation of the rough exterior of the stone.» — y el fundamento que le encuentran: ninguno más allá de la interpretación imaginativa de una piedra rugosa
«What reference material the investigators used, and exactly what tests were carried out was not explained.» — el hueco metodológico que declaran en ese caso rechazado: ni material de referencia ni pruebas explicadas
«The critical analysis of this amazing tale yields certain surprises. Oddly enough, very few who support the reality of it know anything about its origins.» — abren el desmontaje del caso Dropa, también dentro del material rechazado, por el flanco de la procedencia
«From this moment on, the "Dropa" would become famous all over the world.» — fechan el punto en que el relato se vuelve mundial, que es lo que a ellos les interesa reconstruir de un fraude
«Owing to the enormous distribution of this publication, many have erroneously cited Zaitzev as the original source of the story.» — y localizan el error de atribución que la difusión produjo: se cita como fuente original a quien solo la reprodujo
«News of the Dropa was published for the first time in the United States on 26 February 1967.» — fechan la entrada del relato en Estados Unidos, dentro de la misma reconstrucción
«The first skeptical enquiries began in 1973, when the director of the British magazine Flying Saucer Review, Gordon Creighton, a serious scholar of the field, reported he could find no record of any archaeological expedition to Baian Kara Ula in 1938.» — atribuyen a Gordon Creighton, con su cargo declarado, la primera búsqueda negativa: no hay registro de la expedición
«Creighton also pointed out that the name of the mountains was more usually written "Bayan Khara Uula," Mongol words meaning "the good black mountains" ("Bayan Har Shan" in Chinese), and that there were no records of any archaeologist named Chi Pu Tei.» — y el segundo hallazgo negativo del mismo investigador, sobre el topónimo y sobre el arqueólogo que nunca existió
«In 1979 a further twist came in a book called Sungods in Exile, edited by one David Agamon, who declared it to be the posthumous work of a British scientist called Karyl Robin-Evans.» — la siguiente capa del mismo fraude, con el libro y su editor declarado
«Even so, photographs taken by Gamon of a fake "Dropa disc" are still believed by many to be authentic, giving rise to rumors and speculation.» — y lo que sobrevive a la confesión del fraude: las fotos siguen circulando como auténticas
«The earliest dated story we are able to find about flying devices of non-human origin comes from the ancient literature of India.» — así abren el tramo de los vimanas, dentro de la sección de material rechazado
«However, as we could find nothing resembling the story of the "divine man" and the light-emitting monster in the Chinese literature available to us, we quickly lost faith in the account.» — cómo se cae un caso en la sección de material rechazado: no aparece nada parecido en la literatura china que pudieron consultar
«Observant readers may have noticed that the year given is also spurious, because even legendary Japanese rulers date back only as far as Emperor Jimmu, who supposedly founded Japan in March 585 BC!» — el segundo argumento contra el mismo relato, éste cronológico: ni los emperadores legendarios japoneses llegan tan atrás
«Steering away from sensationalist press wherever possible, we decided this was not a source we could use.» — declaran una regla de fuente dentro de la sección de descartes: la prensa sensacionalista queda fuera
«After playing with different spellings we realized the account must be from Chinese tradition, not Japanese.» — el método de rastreo que aplican al material rechazado: probar grafías hasta dar con la tradición correcta
«Indeed, Tause was just an unusual transcription of Tao-se, or "Tao Teacher."» — y el resultado: una transcripción rara del término taoísta, no un nombre propio japonés
«However the actual incident has nothing to do with the machine' account.» — deshacen otro caso rechazado separando el suceso real, el de los sombreros de paja, del vuelo en máquina que se le atribuyó
«It seems possible but it cannot be proved. There was no word to describe meteorites in the Egyptian hieroglyphic system, so the word 'star' ("seba") could be used as a wild card for any kind of luminous phenomenon travelling in the sky.» — conceden la posibilidad y declaran que no se puede probar, con el argumento filológico de que el jeroglífico no tenía palabra para meteorito
«The text appeared in 1953, in Issue 41 of Doubt, journal of the Fortean Society, when novelist and co-founder of the Society, Tiffany Thayer (1902-1959), published the hieroglyphic translation» — el expediente de publicación del papiro Tulli, dentro del material rechazado, con revista, número y editor declarados
«Accompanying the transcription was a letter from its translator, an amateur Egyptologist of Russian-Italian descent, Boris de Rachewiltz.» — y el traductor, con su condición de egiptólogo aficionado consignada como dato
«Rachewiltz explained to Doubt that the papyrus had been longer, and indeed we must assume the unpublished part referred to an incident during the reign of Thutmosis III because the fragment we have provides no sign of this.» — marcan que la atribución a Tutmosis III descansa en una parte del papiro que nadie publicó: el fragmento disponible no la sostiene
«If the Tulli papyrus is authentic, the objects it describes must indeed be classified as UFOs.» — conceden la consecuencia en condicional, y el condicional es todo el punto: el caso está entre los que descartan
«First of all, the whereabouts of the Tulli Papyrus are completely unknown.» — la primera razón del descarte: nadie sabe dónde está el papiro
«Not even Boris de Rachewiltz knew where the original was kept.» — y ni siquiera su traductor lo sabía
«Later correspondence with Rachewiltz revealed he had only ever received the Egyptologist's personal notes, not the papyrus itself, and that even Albert Tulli had only made his transcription during a visit to the house of an antiquarian in Cairo in 1934.» — la cadena entera reconstruida hasta el hueco: notas personales en vez de papiro, y una transcripción hecha en casa de un anticuario
«The Bible never tells us exactly what manna was and where it came from, but there are many Old Testament passages which describe its physical qualities and conditions associated with its appearance.» — dentro del material rechazado, deslindan lo que el texto bíblico dice del maná de lo que se le atribuye
«It is a fact that some cuneiform literature deals with interesting celestial anomalies.» — la concesión que hacen al material mesopotámico antes de acotarlo
«Assyriologists have recognized these writings to be astromantic in nature, that is, texts explaining how to forecast the future by watching meteoric phenomena, as opposed to astrology, which deals with the movements of the planets.» — y la distinción técnica que toman de los asiriólogos: astromancia por meteoros, no astrología planetaria
«The vast majority of these texts described phenomena that can be explained today as the natural observation of meteors, fireballs, and comets.» — la acotación que sigue: la enorme mayoría se explica hoy por observación natural
«A handful of cuneiform references to sky phenomena have puzzled archaeologists and astronomers.» — y el residuo que declaran, medido en un puñado de referencias
«For example, the following text: "If a fireball moves across the Wagon-Star and stands..." seems to describe a meteor that stays motionless in the sky.» — el ejemplo que dan, con la elisión y la lectura marcadas como propias mediante el verbo parecer
«Since meteorites passing overhead are necessarily luminous or fiery rather than dark it is tempting to retain such quotes as indication of an exceptional phenomenon, but the context is so vague that it is ultimately anyone's guess.» — la tentación declarada y rechazada en la misma frase: el contexto es demasiado vago para retener la cita
«According to writer John Michell (1967), King Bladud is said to have been killed at Troja Nova, in the London area, when riding a "druid airship" that crashed into the temple of Apollo.» — la leyenda del rey Bladud atribuida por nombre y fecha a quien la puso a circular, dentro del material rechazado
«There is no evidence that Bladud actually existed before Geoffrey of Monmouth named him in his History of the Kings of Britain (1135), where he is said to have been the tenth ruler in line from Brutus.» — y el desmontaje: no hay prueba de que existiera antes de que Godofredo de Monmouth lo nombrara en 1135
«According to this legend, Bladud practiced magical arts, such as necromancy, and this led him to conduct an experiment.» — lo que la leyenda le atribuye, consignado como leyenda: artes mágicas, nigromancia y un experimento
«How this quaint legend entered UFO databases is a complete mystery to us!» — declaran no poder rastrear cómo ese relato entró en las bases de datos ufológicas; el signo de admiración es suyo
«Upon consulting Cometography: A Catalogue of Comets by Gary W. Kronk and Brian G. Marsden (Cambridge University Press, 1999, 154) we find that interestingly, these authors do include the Salamis observation in their catalogue, calling it a Cerastes type comet.» — el contraste contra la Cometography vuelve a operar, aquí para situar el caso de Salamina como cometa
«Unfortunately, no book about Alexander the Great contains the account. The story came from American writer Frank Edwards in 1959, who provided no reference.» — el descarte de los escudos plateados de Alejandro por ausencia de fuente, con el nombre y la fecha de quien lo lanzó
«He did not give a reference either, except to say that Alexander's historian recorded the event.» — y el eslabón siguiente de la misma cadena, que tampoco da referencia
«There is also a date problem with this item.» — la fórmula con que abren un descarte por cronología, dentro del material rechazado
«The only consulship held by two people named as in Pliny's claim, C. Marius VI and L. Valerius Flaccus, was in 100 BC.» — y el método: fechar por consulado, que es lo que permite cazar el error de la fuente clásica
«There is no reason to believe this object was anything but a natural phenomenon.» — el descarte por fenómeno natural dicho en una línea, dentro de la sección de rechazos
«While this particular phenomenon has yet to be identified, it must be noted that the Han Shu uses the same wording to describe the appearance of comet Swift-Tuttle in August of the same year.» — dejan el caso sin identificar y a la vez ponen el dato que lo mina: el mismo anal usa esas palabras para un cometa de ese año
«Dio Cassius, in his Roman History (c. 229 AD), writes "in the west flashes of fire darted up into heaven." There are many such reports in records of that period, and they are often quoted in UFO chronologies. However they are so vague that they could describe several natural phenomena, including meteors, comets or auroral displays.» — descartan por vaguedad una clase entera de citas romanas que las cronologías ufológicas reproducen
«Seneca also mentions it in Quaestiones Naturales, stating the phenomenon appeared at the 11th hour of the day.» — cotejan varias fuentes clásicas sobre el mismo cometa, aquí Séneca con su hora
«Servius relates the phenomenon was observed in the daytime and lasted for three days, but he was writing long after the event.» — y descuentan a Servio por distancia temporal, en la misma frase en que lo citan
«Astronomers believe there could be a link with a comet recorded in the Han Shu for May and June 43 BC.» — el contraste con los anales chinos como control externo de una fecha romana
«The lack of a precise date or even year for the birth of Jesus makes it difficult to reach a definite conclusion about the nature of this celestial object.» — la Estrella de Belén queda sin cerrar por falta de fecha, dentro del material rechazado
«However the writing may have been seen (or even heard) in a vision rather than an actual observation in the sky.» — deshacen un caso distinguiendo visión de observación, que es una distinción que aplican poco y aquí sí
«Eusebius wrote that the symbol consisted of a cross with the Christ monogram (the chi-roh) at the top.» — consignan la versión de Eusebio sobre el signo de Constantino
«Lactantius wrote that the symbol was itself the chi-roh» — y la de Lactancio, distinta, sin arbitrar entre las dos
«Constantine's only real vision was in 310 AD, and that he or someone else recycled it for the conversion story of 312 AD.» — la hipótesis de reciclaje que recogen para el caso de Constantino, dentro del material rechazado
«Our conclusion: the object probably was a comet, which was actually visible in 390 AD.» — cierran el caso remontado hasta Filostorgio con un cometa efectivamente visible, dentro del material rechazado
«Given the lack of details, some natural phenomena (such as an aurora borealis) could produce this effect.» — ofrecen la aurora como explicación posible por falta de detalle, dentro de la sección de descartes
«However we cannot completely reject the case on the basis of the information given, and the source is impeccable.» — y aun así no lo cierran, porque separan la calidad de la fuente de la suficiencia de los datos
«One could argue that this event does not include any description of an aerial phenomenon, and thus does not belong in this compilation.» — se plantean la objeción a su propia inclusión antes de que la haga el lector, dentro del material rechazado
«The History of the Sui Dynasty, 581-618 records a spectacular fireball that fell into a rebel's camp, partly destroying it.» — asiento chino en el material rechazado, con la crónica dinástica declarada como fuente
«This narrative leaves no doubt that the phenomenon had natural causes.» — y el descarte que le aplican, sin dejar margen
«Only recently was it realized that the perception of sound can be created inside the skull of the witness by microwaves propagating at the same speed as the light itself.» — traen una explicación física reciente para el sonido simultáneo a la luz, que es el mecanismo que los meteoros no daban
«Tradition states that the Sabart sanctuary, near Tarascon, dates from the Great Charlemagne.» — asiento marcado como tradición, no como hecho, dentro del material rechazado
«According to legend, a luminous virgin was unearthed at this place by two heifers led by Charlemagne himself.» — y la fórmula con que marcan el mismo grado de crédito en la frase siguiente
«The connection with aerial phenomena is very tenuous indeed, yet this event is quoted in the literature of the field as if it was unidentified.» — señalan la desproporción entre lo que dice la crónica y lo que la literatura ufológica le hace decir; el caso queda entre los rechazados
«There is no unusual aerial phenomenon here, only an assumed connection between a religious incident (the arrival of the Antichrist) and a solar eclipse.» — el descarte más seco de esta sección: no hay fenómeno, solo un nexo supuesto entre un eclipse y un episodio religioso
«Although it is likely they all derived from the same original source, certain details were slightly altered in each retelling.» — reconstruyen la deriva de un relato entre versiones, que es la operación que más repiten en todo el libro
«However, the Book ofLeinster (ca. 1170), while stating that it occurred at the royal fair of Tailtiu, speaks of three ships in the sky, and alleges that King Domhnall, son of Murchad, was among the witnesses.» — cotejan las versiones del caso de las naves aéreas irlandesas y señalan qué añade cada una; la grafía del título viene pegada por el OCR
«Was Domhnall, as opposed to Congalach, the royal witness in the original version of the airship sighting?» — dejan la pregunta de atribución abierta en vez de decidirla, dentro del material rechazado
«It is not reported whether the dead sailor's body is shipped home in the airship, or whether the deceased is given a Christian burial on earth.» — señalan lo que la fuente calla, que es la parte del relato que decidiría su sentido
«According to folklorist John Carey, the move from spears to anchors was due in part to the popularity of another legend of the same period, in which the crew are aboard a ship actually sailing in the sea, not in the sky.» — atribuyen a un folklorista, por nombre, la explicación del cambio de la lanza por el ancla en la serie de leyendas
«The strong Christian overtones are noticeable in this version.» — marcan la capa cristiana añadida en la versión nórdica del mismo motivo
«The fact that the diver is allowed to return to his ship unharmed is another moralistic touch.» — y el segundo indicio de reelaboración moral en la misma versión: el buzo vuelve ileso
«Mr. le Comte H.-F. Delaborde reminds us that Leonardo da Vinci has studied aerial navigation, and was not the first.» — consignan la objeción de un tercero por nombre, dentro del material rechazado
«He assumes that the event may have originated with a simple mirage.» — y la explicación que ese tercero propone, atribuida a él y no suscrita
«The anchor is now on exhibition at the blacksmith shop of Elliott and Miller and is attracting the attention of hundreds of people.» — asiento texano del ancla expuesta en una herrería, dentro de la sección de material rechazado
«It is now generally agreed that Sainte Hildegard suffered from migraine, and that her experiences were a result of this condition.» — consignan el consenso médico sobre Hildegarda con verbo de acuerdo general, no como hallazgo propio
«Migraine attacks are usually followed by sickness, paralysis, blindness - all reported by Hildegard, and when they pass, by a period of rebound and feeling better than before, a euphoria also described by her.» — y el cotejo que sostiene ese consenso: los síntomas del cuadro coinciden uno a uno con lo que ella describe
«She used the curative powers of natural objects for healing, and wrote treatises about natural history and medicinal uses of plants, animals, trees and stones.» — el expediente de Hildegarda que dan antes de tratar sus visiones, con las obras de historia natural incluidas
«The story came apart when two boys confessed to having written the passage as a joke.» — cómo cae el caso de Byland, dentro del material rechazado: dos jóvenes confesaron haberlo escrito en broma
«These descriptions suggest a widespread natural phenomenon such as an aurora borealis, which could be seen over large portions of Russia.» — el descarte por aurora aplicado a la serie rusa de 1319
«It clearly shows solar parhelia due to atmospheric effects.» — el descarte del cuadro sueco de 1535 por parhelio, dicho sin reserva
«Our research indicates that the "controversy" in question didn't have to do with the sighting or its depiction but with its interpretation by the common people, who took it as a bad omen after the king converted to Protestantism.» — deshacen la leyenda sobre ese cuadro: la disputa no fue por el fenómeno sino por la lectura popular tras la conversión del rey
«Perceiving the painting as a threat to his power, the king had Petri arrested.» — y la consecuencia política del episodio, que es lo que la versión ufológica pierde
«The origin of the story is not known, and there are legitimate doubts about its authenticity.» — el descarte del caso de Manila por origen desconocido, dentro de la sección de rechazos
«The legend is mentioned by UFO writers (such as Morris Jessup) to support theories of abduction or teleportation.» — y consignan por nombre quién la usa y para qué, sin suscribirlo
«The token shown below, which experts believe was struck around 1656, shows a disk with light or a beam emanating from it.» — el jetón francés descrito con la datación atribuida a expertos, dentro del material rechazado
«We have come to the conclusion that the case is likely to be a hoax, first mentioned by a man named Alberto Fenoglio in a 1966 magazine entitled Non e Magia.» — el descarte del caso de Lhasa con el nombre del inventor y la revista donde apareció, dentro del material rechazado
«This phenomenon, like the following in Rutland, may relate to a weather anomaly, such as a mini-tornado, but its duration and behavior do place it within the literature of unusual aerial phenomena.» — conceden la anomalía meteorológica y a la vez retienen el caso por duración y comportamiento, dentro de la sección de descartes
«Until the nature of "shooting stars" was understood in the 19th century, people thought that any blobs of jelly-like material found in their fields were related to meteors.» — explican por historia de la ciencia una clase entera de falsos positivos: la gelatina de los campos atribuida a meteoros
«This case and the next one are part of a local "wave" of terrifying observations probably caused by a spectacular auroral display over Northern Europe.» — agrupan dos de sus propios casos como oleada local causada por una aurora, y lo dicen dentro del material rechazado
«The spectacle, probably caused by the same aurora noted above, seemed so horrible that parishes in the region rang their bells.» — y consignan el efecto social de esa aurora: las parroquias tocando a rebato
«The day was described as indifferent and cloudy, but the detail of the ship could be clearly seen.» — el detalle de las condiciones de visibilidad, que es lo que hace evaluable un testimonio
«He had no doubt that the man was sober and sincere, with no trace of the "melancolick" disposition that might have led him to exaggerate or imagine.» — cómo la propia fuente acredita al testigo por sobriedad y por temperamento, con el término de época conservado
«In the end a cloud hid the vessel from sight, but not before the farmer, his wife, and his boy had had their observation supported by a flock of birds that assembled to examine the phenomenon and flew round it from all directions.» — el detalle de los pájaros como corroboración indirecta dentro de la propia fuente
«Although this event is often cited in UFO compilations, this was undoubtedly a meteor, first seen over the Shetland isles» — el descarte de un caso muy citado en las compilaciones ufológicas: fue un meteoro, y ellos lo declaran sin duda
«In his report on the incident, police inspector Liabeuf wrote that the sphere was still hot in the evening.» — el detalle que da verosimilitud al caso de Alençon, y que resulta ser parte de la invención
«The reader may feel a little disappointed, therefore, though perhaps not very surprised, to discover that the event never really occurred.» — y la revelación que ellos mismos administran: el suceso nunca ocurrió
«The earliest reference to this case comes from an article published by Italian author Alberto Fenoglio, whom we've already met in connection with the supposed ufological deeds of Alexander the Great.» — rastrean la primera aparición del relato hasta el mismo autor que ya habían desmontado en otro caso
«known to have invented some UFO reports in his time, Fenoglio seems to have created the story about Inspector Liabeuf for a purportedly serious article about sightings in ancient history, published in the Italian magazine Clypeus.» — y el mecanismo del fraude declarado: un personaje inventado dentro de un artículo presentado como serio
«In spite of this, books and magazine articles presenting the story of the Alengon 'crash' as a genuine case continue to be published in good faith every year in many countries.» — lo que sobrevive al desmentido, que es el dato que más les interesa de un fraude: se sigue publicando de buena fe cada año
«According to writer Peter Kolosimo, the inhabitants of a Russian village in the Don region were surprised to find a large metal ball in one of their fields.» — la leyenda rusa del balón metálico atribuida por nombre a quien la divulgó, dentro del material rechazado
«general consensus is that it originated as a fictional tale.» — y el veredicto que recogen sobre ella: origen ficticio
«Unfortunately, we have found no original document to authenticate the circumstances of the story, or even the year of the event, so it has to remain as an interesting fable.» — el estatuto exacto que dan al relato galés del aro de fuego: fábula interesante, por falta de documento y hasta de año
«This is not the only version of the story but it is probably the earliest.» — al fichar el utsuro-fune declaran cuál de las versiones toman y por qué: la más antigua que localizaron
«Tanaka draws this conclusion: no official document of the period mentions the incident of the woman in the round boat, and there are no references to beaches called Haratono-hama or Hara-yadori, which would be suspicious omissions if the story were true.» — atribuyen a Kazuo Tanaka la búsqueda negativa con que descarta el caso: no hay documento del periodo ni topónimos con esos nombres
«The figure, whose feet did not touch the floor, revealed itself as "angel Moroni" and gave Smith specific instructions.» — asiento de la visión de Moroni, dentro del material que los autores rechazan, con el detalle de los pies sin tocar el suelo retenido de la fuente
«We do believe that it is unrelated to the events we seek to study in our Chronology of unexplained aerial phenomena.» — y la razón del descarte, dicha con verbo de creer: lo consideran ajeno a lo que su Cronología estudia
«In passing, one must note that in spite of such fanciful interpretations the reliability and accuracy of the observations was good enough for us, in the 21st century, to reconstruct the nature of phenomena that are known to today's science» — su argumento más fuerte a favor del testimonio antiguo: la interpretación era fantasiosa y la observación, aun así, suficientemente exacta para reconstruir hoy el fenómeno; la frase remata donde el OCR incrustó un número de plana
«A seductive view, but one that is contradicted by the mass of previous cases.» — así responden a la tesis de que el fenómeno empieza en el siglo XIX: seductora y contradicha por su propio catálogo
«No less a political and classical authority than Cicero mentions the topic in his writing (De Re Publica 1.19.31), where a character named Laelius scolds the young Tubero for his fascination with a celestial phenomenon - a vision of a double Sun in the sky - reported to the Roman Senate.» — acreditan la tradición del prodigio con Cicerón y con locator fino: la escena en que Lelio reprende a Tuberón por su fascinación con el sol doble
«It takes an exceptional sighting, a "sweet spectacle," to bring back our feeling of wonderment before the beauties of nature, he argued.» — resumen la posición de Séneca sobre el prodigio como restaurador del asombro, con verbo de decir y atribución marcada
«One of the last ancient Neoplatonists, Boethius translated some of the writings of Aristotle and made commentaries on them.» — presentan a Boecio por su lugar en la transmisión, que es lo que a ellos les importa de una fuente
«His treatise on ancient music, De musica, was for a thousand years the unquestioned authority on music in the West.» — y por su autoridad de larga duración, medida en mil años
«Another important source, John the Lydian (John Lydus), 490-ca. 565 AD was a bureaucrat in the praefecture in Constantinople and an antiquarian scholar.» — presentan a Juan el Lidio por su cargo burocrático y su erudición anticuaria, con fechas
«Translations vary widely because of the unusual vocabulary used in the text.» — advierten que la traducción de esa fuente varía mucho por su vocabulario, lo que afecta a todo lo que de ella se cite
«Although Paris wrote voluminously, very little of his works shed any light on his own life.» — el límite biográfico que declaran sobre Mateo París, que es la clase de dato que sirve para pesar un testimonio
«He spent most of his life at St. Albans, but he put his acquaintance with persons of import and his few trips outside the monastery to good use in acquiring news to include in his chronicles.» — y cómo se explican que un monje sedentario tuviera noticias: por sus relaciones y por sus pocos viajes
«Paris was also personally acquainted with King Henry III of England and Richard, Earl of Cornwall.» — la red de informantes del cronista declarada por nombre, que es lo que le da o le quita peso a lo que transmite
«The Internet has introduced a revolution in our access to ancient texts.» — reconocen el cambio de condiciones materiales del propio trabajo
«we cannot presuppose anything about the nature of the data we present.» — la abstención convertida en regla de presentación, no solo de conclusión
«as late as 1803 the French Academy of Sciences didn't believe that stones could fall from the sky» — el ejemplo histórico con que sostienen esa regla: la Academia francesa negando los meteoritos hasta 1803
«the movement of comets still baffles the average citizen today.» — y el segundo tramo del mismo argumento, ya sobre el presente
«If we assume that actual stories of unusual observations are repressed in a given era (by Church authorities intent on fighting witchcraft, or by a "rationalist" regime determined to stamp out potentially subversive ideas) then it makes sense that we would only hear of the phenomena through the indirect channel of legends, fairy tales, and hoaxes.» — la hipótesis con que explican por qué el fenómeno llegaría vestido de leyenda: represión eclesiástica o racionalista del relato directo
«Throughout history this device has been used for the convenience of emperors, kings, and Popes, and it is still being used today in disinformation and psychological warfare.» — el engaño como instrumento de poder, dicho en continuidad desde emperadores y papas hasta la guerra psicológica de hoy
«Fortunately for rationalists everywhere, a certain expert named Doctor Flamstead was able to "explain" this phenomenon (and several following it) in terms of "the darkness of people's conscience," which "seeks to destroy Church and State."» — el caso de 1715 con que ilustran la desestimación erudita; la ironía es de ellos y las comillas marcan las palabras del propio Flamstead
«Since 1947, when North American newspapers reported on dozens of mysterious "flying saucers" that had fallen into parks, backyards, and streams, there has existed an almost morbid obsession with dead aliens and wrecked spacecraft.» — así fechan y califican la obsesión con el ovni estrellado, que es de lo que se abstienen en este libro
«Until we find evidence to the contrary, we must conclude that tales involving actual UFO crashes (as we understand the term today) materialized as "factual reports" in mid to late 19th century newspapers, but the earliest crash report was described in French science fiction as early as 1775.» — la conclusión que dan sobre ese motivo, con su límite dentro: el reporte más antiguo que localizan es ficción francesa de 1775
«We have also noted that a whole genre of stories about aerial travelers in trouble emerged in medieval times.» — y el antecedente medieval que sí reconocen, dicho como género literario
«The accounts most closely resembling UFO crashes within the scope of our chronology come from Chinese lore and describe the fall of "dragons."» — acotan a la tradición china los relatos de su catálogo que más se parecen al ovni estrellado
«There are anomalies and patterns here, but we should not lead the reader into believing that certain types of entities are necessarily behind the phenomena.» — la guarda que se ponen sobre las entidades: hay anomalías y patrones, y aun así no hay que llevar al lector a concluir agencia
«To distinguish between fictional and factual accounts now is impossible, and to use any and all would mean lumping aerial phenomena with cryptozoological creatures willy-nilly.» — y la razón operativa del recorte: incluirlo todo mezclaría el fenómeno aéreo con la criptozoología
«One of Kwang's attendants told him that the omen foretold "a man's rise to the position of a ruler," adding that he would no doubt attain such a rank.» — la lectura política del prodigio en la propia fuente china, consignada como suya
«Our purpose in this book is to explore an unknown phenomenon, manifesting throughout history, possibly misinterpreted by every culture in terms of its own history or religion.» — el enunciado más claro del propósito del libro, con la posible mala interpretación de cada cultura ya dentro de la frase
«Religious texts such as the Bible contain many references to flying objects that are assumed to represent divine manifestations.» — consignan el material bíblico con el verbo en pasiva de suposición, no de identificación
«Most Biblical references to UFO-like phenomena place them within a complex narrative in which divine entities intervene to assist a particular group of people for what can only be described as political and religious reasons.» — y su lectura del rasgo común de esas referencias: intervención selectiva a favor de un grupo, por razones políticas y religiosas
«The correlation between many unexplained sightings and religious or historical events brings up three important observations about potential biases in our data:» — así introducen los tres sesgos de su propio corpus, que enuncian a continuación
«(2) If people attach spiritual significance to what they see, it affects their behavior and is invested with more lasting reality than witnessing a passing light in the sky.» — segundo sesgo de conservación: la significación espiritual cambia la conducta del testigo y fija el recuerdo
«Hence our argument that cases coinciding with religious dates or historical events are not necessarily the imaginative or fanciful product of obsolete belief systems.» — la consecuencia que sacan de esos sesgos, que es la que sostiene buena parte de su catálogo
«An excellent example of this problem arises in connection with the Annunciation of Carlo Crivelli displayed at the National Gallery of London because it seems to show a hovering disk-like object sending a precisely collimated beam of golden light to Mary, as she receives the message that she has been chosen to conceive the Son of God.» — describen la Anunciación de Carlo Crivelli con su ubicación declarada y con el verbo en modo de parecer
«A modern critic named Cuoghi sees nothing unusual in this painting because "there is a vast amount of Annunciations in which a ray descends from the sky reach» — y ponen enfrente la lectura iconográfica de un crítico, por nombre, que ve ahí una convención y nada más
«This does not mean that any example of it represents an actual» — la reserva que ponen sobre el arte como fuente, incluso donde reconocen el motivo; la frase sigue al otro lado del corte
«It is vital to recognize the magnitude of the progress that the opening up of archives online has made possible in this research.» — declaran la apertura de archivos en línea como cambio de escala de su propio trabajo
«We can breathe new life into aerial phenomena research, just as the same sources can improve knowledge in other academic fields.» — y sitúan ese cambio como bien común, no como ventaja de su campo
«Those researchers who believe that the UF© phenomenon started manifesting on Earth around that time are simply misled by the fact that our information sources are far more abundant and more readily available after the eighteenth century.» — objetan por sesgo documental a quienes fechan el fenómeno en el siglo XVIII; el OCR corrompió la sigla dentro de la frase
«We hope that scholars in those countries will be inspired to teach us about the knowledge preserved in their libraries.» — el hueco geográfico convertido en encargo a terceros, no en conclusión propia
«The Chronology is only homogeneous by virtue of the selection criteria the authors have applied after casting a very broad net over the literature, and throwing back the little fish, the crustaceans, and the rotten algae back into the sea.» — describen su propia homogeneidad como efecto del criterio de selección, con la metáfora de la pesca puesta por ellos
«In spite of this effort, the Chronology remains biased across time.» — y admiten que el esfuerzo no elimina el sesgo temporal
«Undoubtedly it is. As disclosed above, we know much more about France or England than about Japan or China.» — responden que sí a la pregunta sobre el sesgo geográfico de su propio corpus
«Most contemporary students of unidentified flying objects posit that the phenomenon is of recent origin and centers on the Anglo-Saxon world simply because it became popular in the American press after World War Two.» — la trampa que dicen haber evitado: confundir la popularidad en la prensa estadounidense con el origen del fenómeno
«While we have avoided this pitfall, we cannot claim expertise in using sources in cultures other than our own.» — y el límite que se reconocen en el mismo párrafo: no reclaman pericia en fuentes de otras culturas
«The overwhelming fact is that we are dealing with a narrow range of anomalous objects in the atmosphere or in space, typically described as spheres, balls, or disks, capable of extraordinary trajectories, generally of significant duration, often in formation, described by multiple observers» — la descripción agregada de lo que su catálogo contiene: esferas, bolas y discos, con trayectorias extraordinarias, duración larga, a veces en formación y con testigos múltiples
«Certainly not! Even in regions such as Western Europe, which produced most of our current data, there must be much published (but unscanned) material we have not been able to reach, and there must be large amounts of reports buried in manuscript form in local archives, unpublished personal diaries and private correspondence.» — y dónde declaran que está lo que falta: impresos sin escanear, archivos locales, diarios inéditos y correspondencia privada
«No, although delusions are a factor in the interpretation of the phenomena, as we have abundantly documented in Part II of this book.» — conceden el papel del delirio en la interpretación y lo acotan a la Parte II, que es la sección del material que descartan
«Psychological or anthropological explanations fail to account for most of the cases selected in the Chronology.» — y declaran insuficientes las explicaciones psicológicas y antropológicas para el grueso de su Cronología
«Furthermore, a review of the duration of the sightings (known to us in 106 cases) shows that most of the objects or phenomena were in sight for a considerable time, certainly long enough for the witnesses to have called other people, and to have ascertained the circumstances of the observation.» — el argumento estadístico de duración, con el denominador declarado: ciento seis casos con duración conocida
«Such a distribution is not typical of delusionary events or hallucinations.» — la conclusión que sacan de esa distribución, dicha por la negativa
«Hallucinations or hoaxes would have no reason to follow the same pattern.» — y el mismo argumento aplicado al patrón horario, que compara con los reportes modernos
«However, many of the cases also mention disk-shaped or globular objects that cast no light and are capable of rapid evolution in the atmosphere, reversing course, dashing and darting, or falling in zigzag patterns.» — el subconjunto que no cede a la explicación luminosa: objetos que no dan luz y maniobran
«In an era when there was no radio, no radar, no awareness of radioactivity and little ability to analyze chemical substances, we know nothing about other potential effects, but it is worthy to note that experienced astronomical observers have frequently reported tracking dark objects across the disk of the sun or the moon.» — declaran qué efectos no pudieron medirse en su periodo y qué queda en su lugar: el seguimiento de objetos oscuros por observadores expertos
«Scientific dogma dictates that any ancient observation of unexplained aerial phenomena can always be attributed to the ignorance of the populace or to simple misinterpretation of natural effects.» — enuncian la posición contraria como dogma y como supuesto no probado
«Acting on this unproven assumption, scientists have censored their own data and intimidated their peers to silence open debate about the phenomenon.» — y la acusación que derivan de ella, en la voz de los dos autores
«We have shown that hallucination was not a significant factor among the cases we have selected, but extreme weather and meteorite crashes do happen, as well as aurorae, globular lightning, comets and tornadoes, all fantastic phenomena that were poorly understood before modern science documented them.» — conceden en la misma frase todo lo que sí explica: clima extremo, meteoritos, auroras, relámpago globular, cometas y tornados
«We are in a position to test this hypothesis, since 309 of our cases have a complete date (or over 60%).» — declaran el denominador con que someten a prueba la hipótesis de las lluvias de meteoros: trescientos nueve casos con fecha completa
«We find that only one peak of the frequency curve in our Chronology shows an increase that could correlate with any cyclical meteoritic activity (the Perseids of August).» — y el resultado, que es un solo pico correlacionable, el de las Perseidas
«We believe we express the consensus of this group of researchers when we say that the study of ancient unexplained aerial observations has only begun.» — el estado del campo declarado en primera persona del plural y como consenso de un grupo, no como juicio propio
«We invite scholars and interested amateurs from all countries and cultures - and especially from the Middle East, Latin America, and Asia, to join this continuing effort.» — y el encargo que dejan abierto, con las regiones que más les faltan nombradas
«Although my name comes first on the cover of this book, the reader should know that Chris Aubeck did the pioneering work in researching, critiquing and documenting material that had been neglected or treated with considerable inaccuracy in the literature.» — única página del libro que habla en primera persona del singular, bajo un rótulo que la atribuye expresamente a Vallée: es él quien adjudica a Aubeck el trabajo pionero
«When we discovered we shared a passion for such ancient reports we began working together, merging our sources and catalogues and enlisting our personal networks in support of the research.» — sigue la misma nota firmada, con el modo de trabajo declarado: fusión de fuentes, de catálogos y de redes personales
«In the process Chris made me aware of many previously unknown instances of aerial phenomena, but more importantly he taught me to look at them in new ways.» — y lo que Vallée dice haber recibido de su coautor, que no es material sino modo de mirar
«This case is mentioned in the Japanese magazine Brothers (No. I) and by one of us (Vallee) in Anatomy of a Phenomenon (1965) with an incorrect date.» — la coautoría operando dentro de un asiento: corrigen por fecha un caso publicado por uno de ellos, Vallée, en 1965, y lo dicen en tercera persona
About the work
351 entries — what the apparatus and scholarship say about it«Copyright © 2009 by Chris Aubeck and Documatica Research, LLC» — el copyright NO está a nombre de Vallée como persona; se consigna sin corregir.
La ficha catalográfica de la Library of Congress encabeza «Vallee, Jacques», fecha el registro en 2010 y clasifica la obra bajo objetos volantes no identificados en sus aspectos históricos, psicológicos y religiosos.
«I was thrilled, therefore, to find Jacques Vallee's book, Passport to Magonia: From Folklore to Flying Saucers (1969)» — prólogo de David J. Hufford, del Penn State College of Medicine; las pp. 10–15 son enteramente suyas.
«He recognized the difference between the core phenomenology of reports and the local language and interpretations that clothed that core in traditional accounts.» — Hufford sobre el método de *Magonia*, no los autores sobre el suyo.
«Using Vallee's approach I was able to immediately recognize in the Old Hag the "bedroom invader" experience that I had encountered in popular UFO literature» — Hufford sobre su propio trabajo de campo en Terranova y la parálisis del sueño.
«until you strip away the culturally elaborated language and secondary interpretations, leaving "anomalous aerial phenomena."» — Hufford, sobre el método que atribuye a Vallée.
«he implied that he was stripping away layers of cultural elaboration to find the "stable core" of the phenomenon» — Hufford sobre J. Allen Hynek y el gas de pantano, es decir sobre el método de los *debunkers*: el referente es opuesto al de la línea anterior y las dos no se sueldan (ver Notas de carga).
«To do this in an open-ended search for elusive truth without needing to offer a theory of their own is rarest of all» — Hufford sobre la abstención teórica de los autores.
«Julius Obsequens recorded 63 celestial phenomena, Livy 30, Pliny 26, Dio Cassius 14, Cicero 9» — cita en bloque de Raymond W. Drake, en *Flying Saucers* n.º 39 (dic. 1964), reproducida dentro de la sección de fuentes clásicas. Es voz de Drake.
«Mirabilis Annus made clear its political point very early on» — cita de William E. Burns, *An Age of Wonders* (Manchester UP, 2002), introducida en la fuente con «William E. Burns notes:». No es voz de los autores.
«a classical scholar who tracked down and translated for us many hard-to-find references» — así acreditan a Yannis Deliyannis, con posgrado en arqueología por la Sorbona; sus traducciones se adjudican en las pp. 112, 115 y 257.
«has worked for seven years through the Internet to assemble and validate an enormous amount of raw sighting data» — sobre el Proyecto Magoniax, fundado por Aubeck con Rod Brock en 2003.
Los agradecimientos nombran a los colaboradores del grupo: Rod Brock, Jerome Clark y Thomas Bullard (EUA), Mikhail Gershtein (Rusia), Daniel Guenther (Alemania), Eduardo Russo y Giuseppe Stilo (Italia), Javier García Blanco y Jesús Callejo (España), Peter Hassall (Nueva Zelanda) y Fabio Picasso (Argentina).
Coleccionistas previos consultados: Desmond Leslie, Harold Wilkins, Guy Quincy, Aimé Michel, Jean Sider, Godelieve van Overmeire, Michel Bougard, Christiane Piens, Ion Hobana, Lucius Farish, Gordon Creighton, Matthew Hurley, Jean-François Boedec, Claude Maugé y Ron Brinkley; más Franck Marie, con una colección privada de unas 30 000 referencias.
«In addition to the sources and references cited throughout this book, we have found the following works important to verify the reliability of many cases» — encabeza la bibliografía, que por tanto es supletoria: no hay lista consolidada de fuentes, y el aparato vive entero en la línea `Source:` de cada caso.
«many items came to us through the general literature and the Internet with limited documentation about ownership» — nota de derechos que admite procedencia incompleta y pide corrección.
«gathered hundreds of rare documents, scientific reports, and newspaper clippings from the last four hundred years» — paratexto editorial en tercera persona, de la sección «About the Authors», sobre el Proyecto Magoniax. No es voz de los autores (ver Notas de carga).
«My primary interest was in what was called "folk belief." This term was, and still is, generally reserved for beliefs that are at odds in some way with the official modern worldview.» — prólogo de David J. Hufford: define el campo del que viene, y de paso el estatuto que la academia le daba a lo que estudia
«The experiences on which they claimed to be based were, to use the term popularized by Thomas Kuhn's landmark work, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (1962), "anomalies." From seeing a ghost to the alleged cures of folk medicine, the events described in folklore seemed to contradict the paradigm of science, the gold standard of modern rationality.» — Hufford toma de Thomas Kuhn el término con que la ciencia nombra lo que no encaja, y lo aplica a la creencia popular
«For this reason they were, as Charles Fort had said, "damned" (1919), forbidden entry to the corpus of valid knowledge.» — Hufford, con la palabra de Charles Fort, sobre la exclusión de esos datos del conocimiento válido
«In Passport to Magonia he continued to strengthen the case for there being real phenomena behind UFO reports, but linked these reports to older reports of fairies, ghosts, angels, demons, and so forth in a compelling and fascinating way.» — Hufford resume lo que Passport to Magonia le aportó en 1969: fenómeno real detrás de los reportes, y continuidad con hadas, fantasmas, ángeles y demonios
«Criticizing conventional UFO investigators for "confusing appearance and reality" he said that "The phenomenon has stable, invariant features, some of which we have tried to identify and label clearly.» — Hufford cita a Vallée de 1969, no a los coautores de este libro: es la formulación original del núcleo estable e invariante, y la crítica a confundir apariencia y realidad
«But we have also had to note carefully the chameleonlike character of the secondary attributes of the sightings: the shapes of the» — sigue la misma cita de Vallée 1969 dentro del prólogo, sobre los atributos secundarios; la enumeración continúa al otro lado del salto de plana y por eso el verbatim se corta aquí
«Among the stable core features of sleep paralysis is the anomalous presence of a frightening entity.» — Hufford sobre su propio hallazgo de campo en Terranova
«Anomalies are a threat to the intellectual status quo.» — Hufford, sobre por qué la resistencia recluta tanto al escéptico como al investigador
«The initial response of a paradigm to anomalies is to ignore or, when reports become too numerous, to assimilate. Both of these strategies are facilitated by the distribution of anomalous reports across a large number of apparently disparate conceptual categories.» — Hufford describe el mecanismo: ignorar o asimilar, facilitado porque los reportes anómalos quedan repartidos entre categorías que parecen inconexas
«When Dr. Hynek invented the "marsh gas" explanation for UFOs (which he later recanted)» — Hufford advierte que el método de este libro se parece al de los desmitificadores, y pone de ejemplo la explicación por gas de pantano que Hynek inventó y después retiró
«That, I believe, is true science: to follow the data wherever they lead, and to move away from established theory when it fails to deal adequately with the data.» — Hufford define ciencia por seguir el dato y abandonar la teoría que no le da cuenta
«As philosopher of science Paul Feyerabend pointed out (1975), what he called the "consistency principle"—judging a theory or hypothesis on the basis of its fit with well established prior theory» — Hufford invoca a Feyerabend contra el principio de consistencia; la frase remata al otro lado del salto de plana diciendo que ese principio asegura la supervivencia de la teoría más vieja, no de la mejor
«just as skeptics have used "just sleep paralysis" to debunk UFO abduction reports» — Hufford extiende el paralelo: el mismo gesto de reducir al núcleo lo usan quienes despachan los raptos como simple parálisis del sueño
«The other beautiful innovation in Vallee and Aubeck's work is the combination of science and scholarship.» — Hufford, sobre lo que a su juicio distingue a este libro
«When Jacques asked me to write a foreword to the new book I felt the sense of completion when an aspect of life comes full circle.» — Hufford cierra su prólogo con el círculo autobiográfico que va de 1969 a este libro
«The importance and antiquity of myths was noted by anthropologist of religion Mircea Eliade in Myths, Dreams and Mysteries: The Encounter between Contemporary Faiths and Archaic Realities: "What strikes us first about the mythology and folk-lore of the "magical flight" are their primitivity and their universal diffusion.» — voz de Mircea Eliade, citada en bloque; los autores la invocan por la antigüedad y la difusión universal del vuelo mágico
«Acacius, bishop of Constantinople, states, "The population of the whole city saw it with their eyes." And Baronius, commenting upon this report, adds the following words: "Such a great event deserved to be transmitted to the most remote posterity and to be forever recorded in human memory through its mention every year in the ecclesiastical annals.» — voces de Acacio de Constantinopla y de Baronio, citadas en bloque por los autores dentro del caso del niño arrebatado; el mismo bloque se reimprime en el asiento de la Cronología de la p. 69, con otra grafía
«When these phenomena were labeled as deities the "messages" were employed to initiate religious movements that changed the social fabric of society."» — voz de Michael Persinger, citada por los autores: el fenómeno como origen de movimientos religiosos que cambian el tejido social
«Couliano asserts on the basis of ethnosemiotics that "human beings had beliefs concerning other worlds long before they could write" and that "the most ancient documents of humankind and the study of its most 'primitive' cultures.. .both show that visits to other worlds were top priorities.» — palabras de Couliano citadas por los autores, sobre creencias en otros mundos anteriores a la escritura
«It is impossible to catalogue the information accumulated by Couliano, who cautions us that he barely scratched the surface: "To collect all historical documents referring to otherworldly journeys is a gigantic task, a task that has never been undertaken before.» — Couliano advirtiendo, citado por los autores, que apenas rozó la superficie de un trabajo nunca emprendido
«of the vision of the Chariot I saw a proud majesty, chambers of chambers, majesties of awe, transparencies of fear, burning and flaming, their fires fire and their shaking shakes.» — palabras atribuidas al rabino Nehuma ben Hakana, citadas por los autores; el bloque arranca en la plana anterior y aquí se recupera lo que quedaba del otro lado del salto
«In the words of Couliano, "All Jewish apocalypses (a word that means revelation, uncovering) share a framework in which the individual is accompanied by an angelic guide, the revelation is obtained in dialogue form, multiple levels of heaven are visited...» — Couliano citado por los autores sobre el armazón común de los apocalipsis judíos: guía angélico, revelación en diálogo, cielos en varios niveles
«Couliano adds that "a third one might have been abducted to heaven as well, for 'no one knows the place of his burial to this day', that one is Moses.» — Couliano citado por los autores a propósito de Moisés y el sepulcro que nadie conoce
«where we are told that the great God Helios Mithra "ordered that it be revealed by his archangel, that I alone may ascend into heaven as an inquirer and behold the universe...It is impossible for me, born mortal, to rise with the golden brightnesses of the immortal brilliance.» — bloque citado del códice mitraico de París, dentro de la enumeración de viajes del alma que hacen los autores
«Later in his analysis Couliano remarks that "science itself has opened amazing perspectives in the exploration of other worlds, and sometimes in other dimensions in space.» — Couliano citado por los autores sobre lo que la física abrió a la exploración de otros mundos
«Now as I looked at the living creatures, behold, a wheel was on the earth beside each living creature with its four faces.» — texto de Ezequiel citado en bloque por los autores
«When they moved, they went toward any one of four directions; they did not turn aside when they went.» — sigue la misma cita bíblica, sobre el movimiento de las ruedas
«When the living creatures went, the wheels went beside them; and when the living creatures were lifted up from the earth, the wheels were lifted up.» — sigue la misma cita, sobre la elevación simultánea
«Wherever the spirit wanted to go, they went, because there the spirit went; and the wheels were lifted together with them, for the spirit of the living creatures was in the wheels.» — cierra la cita bíblica con el espíritu de los vivientes dentro de las ruedas
«During this winter many portents occurred in Rome and the surrounding area, or at all events, many were reported and easily gained credence, for when once men's minds have been excited by superstitious fears they easily believe these things...A phantom navy was seen shining in the sky; in the territory of Amiternum beings in human shape and clothed in white were seen at a distance, but no one came close to them.» — texto de Livio citado en bloque: la flota fantasma y las figuras de blanco en el territorio de Amiterno, con la advertencia del propio cronista sobre la credulidad supersticiosa
«As it was fully expected that there would be war with Macedonia, it was decided that portents should be expiated and prayers offered to win 'the peace of the Gods,' of those deities, namely, those mentioned in the Books of Fate.» — texto de Livio citado en bloque, sobre la expiación ritual de los portentos ante la guerra de Macedonia
«In the consulship of Gnaeus Octavius and Gaius Scribonius a spark was seen to fall from a star and increase in size as it approached the earth» — texto de Plinio el Viejo citado en bloque para el caso del 76 a.C.; el bloque se corta aquí porque la maqueta intercala los encabezados del asiento siguiente
«Thunderbolts had fallen upon Pompey's camp. A fire had appeared in the air over Caesar's camp and then fell upon his own.» — texto de Dion Casio citado en bloque, sobre Farsalia
«for, before sun-setting, chariots and troops of soldiers in their armor were seen running about among the clouds, and surrounding cities.» — texto de Flavio Josefo citado en bloque, sobre los carros y las tropas vistos entre las nubes antes de la caída de Jerusalén
«wondrous flames were seen in the skies over Caledon wood, all one winter night. Everywhere the air burned, and on many nights, when the weather was serene, a ship was seen in the air, moving fast.» — crónica escocesa citada en bloque por los autores para el caso de Agricola en Caledonia
«In Athol, shower of stones fell from the sky into one place, and a shower of paddocks (frogs) fell on one day from the sky. And high in the air, at night, there raged a burning fire, as if knights in armor and on foot or horse fought with great force.» — sigue la misma crónica escocesa, con la lluvia de piedras y de ranas y la batalla ígnea en el aire
«We read in Herodian that in the time of Commodus stars were seen all the day long, and that some stretched in length, hanging as it were in the midst of the air, which was a token of a cloud not kindled but driven together: for it seemed kindled in the night, but in the day when it was far off it vanished away.» — bloque tomado de la edición de Obsecuente por Lycosthenes, Basilea 1552, que a su vez remite a Herodiano; la voz del nosotros no es la de los coautores
«A strange child suddenly joined the hostage children in their play. He was less than four feet tall, dressed in dark clothes, and appeared to be between six and seven years old.» — crónica china citada en bloque dentro del asiento del niño-estrella, que los autores toman del Dragon in China and Japan de M. W. De Visser
«This man stated that there had once come upon him a sudden and much unexpected desire to roam at midnight away from the town of Emesa as far as he could get towards the hill on which stands the ancient and magnificent temple of Athena. So he went as quickly as possible to the foot of the hill, and there sat down to rest after his journey. Suddenly he saw a globe of fire leap down from above, and a great lion standing beside the globe. The lion vanished immediately, but he himself ran up to the globe as the fire died down and found it to be the baitylos.» — relato de Eusebio en la versión de Arthur Bernard Cook, citada en bloque; es la voz del transmisor bizantino, no la de los autores
«He took it up and asked it to which of the gods it might belong. It replied that it belonged to Gennaios, the Noble One.» — sigue el mismo bloque: el betilo interrogado responde a qué dios pertenece
«St. Augustine wrote that "At the beginning of the night as the world was being darkened, a fiery cloud was seen from the East, small at first then, as it approached the city, gradually enlarging, until it hung terribly over the whole city All fled to the Church; the place did not hold the people.» — bloque atribuido a Agustín sobre la nube ígnea que creció hasta cubrir la ciudad
«"What shall we say?" adds Augustine. "Was this the anger of God, or rather His mercy?"» — la pregunta de Agustín ante el prodigio, citada por los autores; queda sin respuesta en la fuente
«The decisive moments were wasted in idle deliberation. The Goths too hastily abandoned, perhaps, an advantageous post; and the opportunity of a secure retreat was lost by their slow and disorderly motions.» — voz de Edward Gibbon en la Decadencia y caída, citada en bloque dentro del asiento de Clodoveo
«His nocturnal march was directed by a flaming meteor, suspended in the air above the cathedral of Poitiers; and this signal, which might be previously concerted with the orthodox successor of St. Hilary, was compared to the column of fire that guided the Israelites in the desert.» — sigue el mismo bloque de Gibbon: el meteoro sobre la catedral de Poitiers, con la sospecha de concierto previo y la comparación con la columna de fuego del Éxodo
«Often a little spark has seemed to come down from the sky to the Earth; then, having grown into a kind of orb like the Moon, it has been seen as disc-like. This very thing recently happened and foretold a danger of seditions and misfortunes beyond measure.» — bloque citado en el asiento de Roma hacia 540: la chispa que crece hasta verse como disco, y la lectura de presagio de sediciones
«Researcher Yannis Deliyannis, who located this case, adds: "The account of the vision of Saint Benedict of Nursia is interesting enough in its description. While needing to be cautious, we cannot rule out completely the idea that it was eventually based on a (more or less) factual event which was, later on or by extrapolation, given a mystical signification.» — voz de Yannis Deliyannis, el investigador que localizó el caso de Benito de Nursia, con su cautela y su reserva dentro de la propia cita
«On that night when St. Columba, by a happy and blessed death, passed from earth to heaven, while I and others with me were engaged in fishing in the valley of the river Fend, which abounds in fish, we saw the whole vault of heaven become suddenly illuminated.» — bloque atribuido a Adomnán sobre la noche de la muerte de Columba, contado por pescadores del valle del Fend
«Struck by the suddenness of the miracle, we raised our eyes and looked towards the east, when, lo! there appeared something like an immense pillar of fire, which seemed to us, as it ascended upwards at that midnight, to illuminate the whole earth like the summer sun at noon: and after that column penetrated the heavens darkness followed, as if the sun had just set.» — sigue el mismo bloque: la columna de fuego que iluminó la tierra como sol de mediodía y la oscuridad que siguió
«In the dead of night there appeared from God a glittering pillar of light shining over the hall of the king's [Ecgbert I, king of Kent] palace, which by its unwonted illumination aroused many of the king's household;» — bloque tomado de Symeon of Durham para el asiento de Kent, 664: la columna de luz sobre el palacio de Ecgbert I
«For one night, after matins had been sung, and those handmaids of Christ had gone out of their chapel to the tombs of the brothers who had departed this life before them, and were singing the customary songs of praise to the Lord, on a sudden a light from heaven, like a great sheet; came down upon them all, and struck them with such amazement, that, in consternation, they even left off singing their hymn.» — bloque citado para el convento de Barking: la sábana de luz que bajó sobre las monjas y les cortó el canto
«leaving no doubt in the minds of all, but that the same light, which was to lead or to receive the souls of those handmaids of Christ into Heaven, also showed the place in which their bodies were to rest and await the day of the resurrection.» — cierra el bloque sobre el convento de Barking con la lectura que le da la propia crónica: la luz señalaba el lugar de sepultura
«Three shields were seen in the heavens, as it were warring from the east to the west, after the manner of undulating waves on a very calm night, being that of the Ascension of the Lord.» — crónica irlandesa citada en bloque: tres escudos guerreando de oriente a poniente la noche de la Ascensión
«The first was snowy, the second fiery, the third bloody; which prefigured, as is thought, three succeeding evils:» — sigue el mismo bloque, con los colores leídos como prefiguración de tres males
«In the reign of Constantine, Copronymus, son of Leo, Emperor of Byzantium, three columns of fire and flame appeared in the sky during the month of June.» — bloque citado para el asiento bizantino de las tres columnas de fuego
«"There appeared a thing, also in 735 AD, like a half-moon, in the northern quadrant of the sky, and little by little, over a rather long time, it passed to the southern quarter, and then returned to the north, and finally descended under the Earth.» — bloque citado para el objeto en forma de media luna del 735, con su recorrido de norte a sur y su descenso
«"Ships, with their crews, were seen in the air above Cluain Moccu.» — los Anales del Ulster citados en bloque: naves con tripulación vistas en el aire
«They reportedly "saw the likeness of two shields red with flame wheeling over the church.» — bloque citado para los dos escudos rojos girando sobre la iglesia
«One day in his last campaign into Saxony against Godfred, King of the Danes, Charles himself saw a ball of fire fall suddenly from the heavens with a great light, just as he was leaving camp before sunrise to set out on the march.» — bloque tomado de la vida de Carlomagno: la bola de fuego caída del cielo en la campaña contra Godfred de los daneses
«his main argument is that "Whoever takes away from God His admirable and terrible works, and attributes them to Man, is a false witness against God Himself.» — argumento de Agobardo citado por los autores: atribuir a los hombres la obra de Dios es falso testimonio
«We have seen and heard many people crazy enough and insane enough to believe and to state that there exists a certain region called MAGONIA, out of which ships come out and sail upon the clouds;» — palabras de Agobardo en la traducción que la obra reproduce; el latín va aparte en la misma plana
«Saint Agobard continues: "We have even seen several of these crazy individuals who, believing in the reality of such absurd things, exhibited before an assembled crowd four people in chains, three men and one woman, said to have [fallen] down from one of these ships.» — sigue Agobardo: los cuatro encadenados, tres hombres y una mujer, exhibidos ante la multitud como caídos de una de esas naves
«After a long argument, truth having prevailed at last, those who had shown them to the people found themselves, as a prophet says, in the same state of confusion as a robber who has been caught.» — el desenlace según Agobardo: los que los exhibían quedaron en la confusión del ladrón sorprendido
«it was believed that certain men, called Tempestaires,' raised storms in order to sell the fruits hit by hail and the animals who had died as a result of storms and floods to mysterious buyers who came by way of the air.» — voz de J. J. Ampère en su Histoire Litteraire de la France, citada por los autores: los tempestarios levantaban tormentas para vender lo dañado a compradores que venían por el aire
«An army of fire was seen in the sky in Reims on a Sunday morning in the month of March. After this sign a pestilence followed.» — los Anales de Flodoardo citados en bloque para el asiento de Reims
«burning iron globes were seen in the air, some of which, while flying, burnt some farms and houses. But in some places they were repelled by opposing them with crucifixes, episcopal blessing and holy water.» — los mismos Anales para los globos de hierro de la Germania transrenana, repelidos con crucifijos, bendición episcopal y agua bendita
«One night he was carried out of the monastery into a locked mill, where he was found in the morning. And when he was questioned, he said that he had been carried by strangers to a great feast and bidden to eat; and afterwards he was put into the mill through the roof.» — bloque atribuido a Pedro Damián, que la obra toma del Malleus Maleficarum: el niño llevado al molino cerrado, al banquete y de vuelta por el techo
«The circumstances were as follows: Both stars flew slowly towards each other and the moment they were» — diario japonés citado en bloque para el asiento de Kioto de 1015; el bloque se corta donde la maqueta intercala el encabezado del asiento vecino
«I hear that people in ancient times also witnessed such a phenomenon, but recently it was so rare that I was impressed not a little.» — sigue la misma voz japonesa, que declara la rareza del fenómeno en su propio tiempo
«There were seen in the southern part of the sky in the Sign of the Lion, two stars that fought each other all Autumn; the largest and most luminous of the two came from the east, the smallest one from the west, the small one rushed furiously and fearfully at the biggest one which didn't allow the speck to approach, but he struck her with his mane of light, repulsing her far towards the east.» — crónica citada en bloque para el ballet de estrellas de 1023 en Francia, con la batalla en el signo del León
«When Henrie the third of that name was Emperour of Rome, in England a certain southsaying Witch was caried away by the Divel, whyche being drawen after him uppon» — bloque en la grafía isabelina de la traducción de Lycosthenes por Stephen Batman, Londres 1581, que la obra reproduce sin normalizar; un marcador de plana repetido parte la frase en dos y el resto va en la línea siguiente
«his horsse with a horrible crye, he caryed away up into the ayre, the cry of whiche old woman was heard for certaine houres almost foure miles in that Countrey.» — segunda mitad del mismo bloque de Batman, recuperada del otro lado del marcador repetido
«The fact that corona was conceived as a bright disk (or shield) makes us understand that also circulus in this context must mean the same object. In conclusion, the Flemish chronicler saw a bright disk in the sky, and not a halo.» — voz de los astrónomos que estudiaron el caso de 1054, citada en bloque: el cronista flamenco vio un disco, no un halo
«Furthermore, we can observe that in this document, the author describes the phenomenon in neutral terms, unaffected by any set of beliefs: the disk-like shape, the intense brightness and the duration of the phenomenon are all elements common to very different cultures. The author separates the description of the phenomenon from his cautious symbolic interpretation, showing a clear awareness of the different levels of discourse.» — sigue el mismo bloque de los astrónomos, que elogian al cronista por separar la descripción de su interpretación simbólica; el nosotros es de ellos, no de los coautores
«a shadow fell across the door and a woman entered dressed in a black close-fitting dress. She was rather short, wore a band round her head and had light-brown hair; she was pale and had such large eyes that their equal had never been seen in a human head.» — la Saga de los groenlandeses citada en bloque para el asiento de Vinlandia: la mujer de negro de ojos desmesurados
«The entity walked over to where Gudrid was sitting and said: "What is your name?" "My name is Gudrid, but what is your name?" "My name is Gudrid," she replied.» — sigue la misma saga: el intercambio de nombres, en que la aparición repite el de la mujer
«No man knew with certainty what this divined, nor what this sign signified.» — crónica citada en bloque, que declara su propia ignorancia sobre lo que el signo significaba
«Later they manifested during the day on horseback, but the only visible part was the hooves of their horses.» — crónica citada en bloque para la cacería demoníaca, con los cascos como única parte visible
«The signs in the sun and the wonders which appeared, both in the air and on the earth, aroused many who had previously been indifferent...» — crónica de la Primera Cruzada citada en bloque, sobre el efecto movilizador de los signos
«Many, moreover, displayed, either on their clothing, or upon their forehead, or 79 elsewhere on their body, the sign of the cross, which had been divinely imprinted, and they believed themselves on this account to have been destined to the service of God.» — sigue el mismo bloque, con las cruces tenidas por impresas por Dios en la ropa y en el cuerpo
«It wasn't an usual fiery column, but the apparition of an angel, because angels often appeared as a fiery column or a flame.» — la lectura que da la propia crónica rusa, que llama ángel al pilar; no es glosa de los coautores
«At the watch night (vigilia) of the Lord's Nativity, two fiery stars appeared in the western sky. One was large, the other small. At first, they appeared joined together. Afterwards, they were for a long time separated distinctly.» — los Anales de Nicholas Trivetus citados en bloque para las dos estrellas de la Navidad de 1167
«Nor ought I to pass over in silence a most amazing and fearful prodigy, which about this time was seen in England by many, who to this day are witnesses of it to those who did not see it.» — Guillermo de Newburgh citado en bloque, apelando a los testigos vivos de su tiempo
«He heard voices which made questions and answers; and he remarked that Francis, who was prostrate, often repeated these words: 'Who are you, o my God? And my dear Lord? And who am I? a worm, and Thy unworthy servant.'» — hagiografía franciscana citada en bloque, con el diálogo que el hermano León dice haber oído
«proceeded a bright Whiteness, which hung in a Ball under the black Cloud over the Side of the Thames, and the Bishop of Norwich's Palace.» — Thomas Short citado en bloque para la bola de luz sobre el Támesis; el verbatim arranca después del número de plana que el OCR incrustó en la frase
«In the third year of John, King of England, there were seen in Yorkshire five Moons; one in the East, the second in the West, the third in the North, the fourth in the South, and the fifth (as it were) set in the midst of the other, having many Blazing Stars about it, and went five or six times encompassing the other, as it were the space of one hour, and shortly after vanished away.» — crónica citada en bloque para las cinco lunas de Yorkshire, con la quinta girando alrededor de las otras
«The sentries and custodians of the castle [at El Puig] observed that every Saturday, at midnight, a fleet of luminous stars, seven in number, consecutively descended upon the summit nearest the said fortress, in the same place where our monastery now lies.» — crónica monástica citada en bloque para El Puig; el nuestro del monasterio es de la crónica, no de los coautores
«Whether by some amazing coincidence or divine providence it did not take too long to find a hidden treasure: a bell, and below that a sculpted image of the Virgin Mary.» — sigue la misma crónica, con el hallazgo del tesoro bajo el lugar señalado por las luces
«I rise at dawn and, through the window, I see a very bright star that crosses the Milky Way.» — diario japonés citado en bloque, en primera persona
«Now I see three luminous objects appear in the southern sky, of which two fly away and disappear suddenly from my sight.» — sigue el mismo diario, con los tres objetos y la desaparición de dos
«The unknown object begins to move in a zigzag, like a dead leaf.» — cierra el mismo diario con la caída en hoja muerta, que es la figura que la ufología moderna reutiliza
«A certain great star, like a comet, but it was not a comet because it did not have a tail and it was a portentous thing because it looked almost as large as the moon, and it moved faster than the moon, but as fast as falling stars, and indeed it was not the moon.» — crónica citada en bloque que razona por descarte: ni cometa, por falta de cola, ni luna, por la velocidad
«About the hour of vespers, the sky being clear, suddenly a large bright star appeared out of a black cloud with two smaller stars in the vicinity.» — informe de Nicholas of Findern a la abadía de Burton, citado en bloque
«It should be known that this battle and massacre between the Genovesi and Pisani had already been foretold and announced long before it happened.» — crónica citada en bloque para la batalla de la Meloria, que declara el prodigio como anuncio previo
«In the town of Saint Ruffino, in the diocese of Parma, some women peeled [washed?] the linen at night: and they saw two great stars meeting in the sky.» — crónica citada en bloque; el corchete con la duda de traducción es de la propia obra
«Then there fell from the sky more than ten fire balls, having the size of houses of ten divisions.» — crónica china citada en bloque, con la medida dada en divisiones de casa
«He saw a light in the shape of a very bright comet measuring twelve feet in length and six in width, coming down from heaven in the direction of the church and after it approached, vanished at the site.» — crónica citada en bloque, con las medidas del objeto en pies
«Inside the darkness itself, a comet the size of the moon appeared as if hanging in the air, tinted by an ardent redness and which disappeared after an hour.» — crónica citada en bloque para el cometa lunar de Tréveris, 1299
«And again, inbetween a small interval, two comets appeared simultaneously a short distance from one another, exhibiting the same size and color as earlier; but they disappeared immediately.» — sigue el mismo bloque, con los dos cometas simultáneos
«In the first hour of the night there was seen in the sky over Uxbridge a pillar of fire the size of a small boat, pallid, and livid in color. It rose from the south, crossed the sky with a slow and grave motion, and went north.» — crónica citada en bloque para el pilar de fuego de Uxbridge, 1322, con el tamaño comparado a una barca
«roaming from door to door above the city of Paris, without there being any wind agitation nor lightning or noise of thunder, and on the contrary, the weather never ceased to be serene.» — crónica citada en bloque para el globo de París antes de la revuelta de los Maillotins; el verbatim arranca después del número de plana que el OCR incrustó
«A certain appearance in the likeness of a fire was seen in many parts of the kingdom of England, now in one form, now in another, nearly on a single night, yet in various places, throughout the months of November and December (...) and some appeared in the form Of a burning revolving wheel, others again in the form of a round barrel of flame emitting fire from above, yet others in the shape of a long fiery beam, and it thus appeared in one form or another through a great deal of the winter, especially in the counties of Leicester and Northants.» — crónica inglesa citada en bloque, con el catálogo de formas: rueda ardiente que gira, barril redondo de llama y viga ígnea alargada
«A similar appearance was seen at two hours of the night in Messina, as you saw fall from the sky above the Cross, at the top of the dome of the Monastery of the Fathers of St. Salvadore.» — crónica citada en bloque para la luz de Mesina sobre la cúpula del monasterio
«A certain thing appeared in the likeness of fire in many parts of England every night.» — crónica inglesa citada en bloque para el fuego nocturno de 1383
«In the land of Languedoc, a big star and five small ones were seen in the sky.» — crónica citada en bloque para la estrella grande y las cinco pequeñas del Languedoc
«Suddenly after sunset...we saw...a beautiful star that, coming from the sky of Tarrione, headed towards Castel Sant' Angel with two other small, splendid bright stars.» — diario de Antonio Di Pietro citado en bloque, con las elisiones marcadas por la propia obra
«The city archives also mention "a very high flame in the shape of a tower, and a column of apparent fire rising in the air."» — archivo municipal de Forlì citado en bloque dentro del asiento
«There appeared many signs in the air in the same month, always in the morning, at daybreak.» — crónica citada en bloque, con la hora repetida como rasgo del episodio
«At the first hour of the 19th of this month a kind of great flaming ship appeared in the air towards the north and it appeared again on the 20 t h and 21 s t, not at the same time but later.» — sigue el mismo bloque, con la nave flamígera repitiéndose tres días seguidos a distinta hora
«In that same year, on a morning (two hours before day) a big star seemingly appeared, coming from the mountain and going toward Ravenna. It looked quite like a butterfly flying in the air.» — crónica de Forlì citada en bloque, con la comparación de la mariposa
«The apparition in the air of the Saint Grand Prince Alexander Nevsky.» — crónica rusa citada en bloque para la aparición de Alejandro Nevski
«It was as if a light cloud or thin smoke spread around, white as a pure frost and bright as the sun.» — sigue la misma crónica rusa, con la nube blanca como escarcha
«Thus the Lord punishes us and leads us from sin toward repentance.» — la lectura penitencial que da la propia crónica rusa al prodigio
«The land was first seen by a sailor called Rodrigo de Triana, although the Admiral at ten o'clock that evening standing on the quarter-deck saw a light, but so small a body that he could not affirm it to be land;» — diario del viaje de Colón citado en bloque, con la luz que el almirante no pudo afirmar que fuera tierra
«The act of riding abroad may be merely illusory, since the devil has extraordinary power over the minds of those who have given themselves up to him, so that what they do in pure imagination, they believe they have» — el Malleus Maleficarum citado en bloque: el diablo puede hacer creer real lo que solo ocurrió en la imaginación; la frase remata al otro lado de un número de plana que el OCR incrustó
«At the top of the object people described an arm that held a great sword, the blade pointing downwards.» — descripción tomada de la fuente para el cometa de 1528, con el brazo y la espada apuntando abajo
«Suddenly people cried 'Oh God what is that great thing we see over Florence.'» — exclamación recogida por Benvenuto Cellini, citada en bloque
«It was seen in Franconia, between Bamberg and Thuringia Forest, a star of marvelous magnitude, which came lower gradually, and became a great white circle from which whirlwinds and clumps of fire emerged.» — crónica citada en bloque para el caso de Franconia, con la estrella que baja y se abre en círculo blanco
«When they fell onto the earth they melted the tips of spears, irons and horses'bits without hurting either men or buildings.» — sigue el mismo bloque, con el detalle que a ellos les importa: el metal fundido sin daño a personas ni edificios
«Blood fell to the ground like rain and the sun split in two, one piece of which seemed to drop to the earth.» — crónica citada en bloque para el sol partido y la lluvia de sangre
«The comet that appeared outside the ring was very fiery and blood-red, with a formidable curly head and the tail was similar.» — crónica peruana citada en bloque, con el cometa rojo sangre y la cabeza rizada
«abominable action or frightful ruin, which is all conveyed by the word Aucca, a name they also give to any visible or invisible enemy» — la fuente colonial explicando el término aucca, que aplica lo mismo al enemigo visible que al invisible; el verbatim arranca después del número de plana que el OCR incrustó
«According to reports received, on the first day of February in this year of 1554, a most terrifying and horrible sight was seen on [....] towards evening, apparently between 7 and 8, which I am told was seen as far as Marseille.» — informe de Michel de Nostredame citado en bloque, con la fecha, la hora y el alcance declarados; los corchetes de elisión son de la obra
«Then it was also seen at nearby St. Chamas by the sea, such that near the moon (which at that time was near its first quarter) a great fire did come from the east and make its way towards the west.» — sigue el mismo informe, con la fase lunar apuntada como referencia
«And such fire did sparkle greatly, glowing aloft like silver over an immense distance like Jacob's road in the sky, known as the 'Galaxy' [i.e., the Milky Way], and raced overhead very fast like an arrow with a great roaring and crackling thunderous din' and as though it were being blown hither and thither by the [raging and roaring?] of a mighty wind.» — sigue el mismo informe, con la comparación con el camino de Jacob y los corchetes de lectura dudosa puestos por la obra
«Two days after the fire had been seen, the Prefect of St. Chamas came to me and indicated that he and other townspeople had seen the same thing, and that it had taken the shape of a half-rainbow stretching as far as the Spanish Main.» — sigue el mismo informe, con el prefecto de St. Chamas como testigo de refuerzo
«And if it had been low down rather than high up, it would have burnt up everything and reduced it to ashes as it went by.» — cierra el informe con el condicional del daño que no ocurrió
«and other stretches by the sea shall encounter unexpected and unforeseen calamity through war, fire, famine, pestilence or other strange diseases, or otherwise shall be attacked and subjugated by foreign nations.» — la parte profética del mismo texto, que la obra reproduce junto con la observación
«The sky was clear at first, but about 9 o'clock became fiery, throwing down a reflection upon the earth so that everything became yellowish.» — relación impresa citada en bloque para el caso de 1571, con la hora y el color de la luz
«In the meantime there appeared in the sky figures of three men in royal robes with crowns upon their heads, remaining visible for nearly three-fourths of an hour, when they gradually drew near together and in the course of another 15 minutes disappeared.» — sigue el mismo bloque, con las tres figuras coronadas y la duración cronometrada
«About midnight there was a great wind over Prague that made such a rumbling noise that it sounded like an earthquake.» — relación citada en bloque para el caso de Praga
«The soldiers held their weapons in their hands and witnesses found their appearance somewhat unnerving.» — sigue el mismo bloque, con los soldados armados en el aire
«Everyone can easily understand the meaning of this miracle, and know that God 1 3 0 wants men» — la moraleja que da la propia relación impresa, que llama milagro al suceso y saca de él penitencia; el OCR incrustó un número de plana en la frase y el verbatim se corta ahí
«We saw a round thing appear, red like fire, like a shield, that rose up on the air» — testimonio citado en bloque para el objeto sobre París; el remate de la frase quedó corrompido por el OCR y el verbatim se corta antes
«The Marquis, lord of that place, took his guest to a garden, shortly before sunset, and they saw a round cloud come down over the hamlet of Beauvais-sous-Matha, with a color that was horrid to see, for which one is forced to use a Latin word: subfusca (dark brown).» — Agrippa d'Aubigné citado en bloque, con el latinismo que el propio testigo dice verse forzado a usar
«This cloud resembled a hat with an ear in the middle, the color of the throat of an Indian rooster (...) This hat with its sinister sign came into the steeple and melted there.» — sigue el mismo testimonio, con las elisiones marcadas por la obra
«great light, and they moved towards one another, joined and then separated again, and a large number of sagettes (arrows) and spears of fire came out, which lasted a long time in combat, then after having been fighting well, they retreated, then began to travel, and passed over the City of Paris, and went straight on southwards.» — crónica parisina citada en bloque, con las saetas de fuego y el combate en el aire; el verbatim arranca después de la corrupción del OCR
«Then on Friday 13th of the month of January, we have also seen in the Sky a great Crescent and one Star above it, like a Comet, which was bright all day, and people were amazed.» — sigue la misma crónica, con la fecha exacta y la media luna con estrella encima
«Christians prayed for God to save us from the menace. Amen» — y el cierre devocional de la propia crónica, que la obra reproduce sin recortar
«However, when they had made three times a trip along the harbor and uttered such powerful screams that they resounded across the mountains around, they got lost over the sea and no news of them has been heard since.» — relación citada en bloque para el caso del puerto de Génova, que cierra declarando que no volvió a saberse nada
«This I write to you with respect, that the existence of dragons in nature is not to be doubted any more.» — Christophorus Schere citado en bloque, afirmando por escrito que la existencia de dragones ya no admite duda; es su conclusión, no la de los coautores
«Never had we seen such a spectacular or frightful sign before.» — relación citada en bloque para el caso de Praga
«The most amazing thing was that one of the globes disappeared, and in its place we saw a bloody crucifix.» — sigue el mismo bloque, con el globo que se convierte en crucifijo sangriento
«All the treasures of the church were taken outside; neighbors (of the church) had their goods transported as far as they could, in fear of the fire.» — relación citada en bloque para el incendio de la catedral de Quimper
«everyone could see clearly in the fire, sometimes green, yellow, and blue.» — sigue el mismo bloque, con los colores del demonio visible en el fuego; el verbatim arranca después del número de plana que el OCR incrustó
«Over the city of Nimes, about 9 to 10 P.M., over the amphitheater, was seen something like a great sun, very resplendent, which was surrounded by a number of other luminous torches.» — relación citada en bloque para el caso de Nimes, situado sobre el anfiteatro
«It seemed to want to move straight towards the Roman Tower, over which appeared something like fiery chariots surrounded by very bright stars.» — sigue el mismo bloque, con los carros ígneos sobre la Torre Romana
«Mr. Hart, "being very greatly amaz'd, and yet not being able, as he sayes, to run away from them, being, as he supposes, kept there in a kind of enchantment," fell to the ground in a daze.» — John Aubrey citado en bloque, con la grafía de la época conservada y la parálisis descrita como una suerte de encantamiento
«there the Reverend Judge was alerted by D. Gastao Coutinho, general of the province of Entre Douro e Minho, of the fact that many people going towards the area of Porto acting upon a warning given in this city that the enemies were approaching in that area, saw some signs on the moon, in which there appeared a Wafer and two human figures that looked like Angels; and that the said judge know the truth of it: about which the Reverend Doctor ordered this writ to be made» — acta judicial portuguesa citada en bloque; el asiento se apoya en un documento administrativo, no en una crónica
«he saw a demon that pulled him out and dragged him for a long time around his lodgings, hitting him.» — testimonio citado en bloque, con el ser nombrado demonio por el propio declarante
«"the sky being very calm, without there being a single cloud in it, (Jose Pellicer reported) an extremely black and dark cloud, that approached from somewhere between the east and the north, dilated and narrow, crossing between the west and Midday, that was stationary for some time» — José Pellicer citado en bloque para la nube negra e inmóvil sobre Madrid; la atribución entre paréntesis es de la obra
«The people there heard "loud noises, bugles, drums, as if an invisible ferocious battle were happening but without anything to be seen.» — sigue el mismo bloque, con la batalla oída y no vista
«The forward part of the light "revolved like a wheel, moving to the north, calmly and slowly emitting red and white light, and in front of the light, at a distance of an open hand, there was a star the size of Venus.» — relación citada en bloque para la rueda azul de Akhaltsike, con la estrella delante medida en palmos
«When she regained consciousness she startled everyone gathered at her bedside by crying out, "They are all just gone out of the Window; do you not see them?"» — relato de Moses Pitt citado en bloque, con las palabras de Anne Jefferies al despertar
«Anne Jefferies remained in an unstable condition for some time, unable even to "so much as stand on her Feet."» — sigue el mismo relato, con la grafía de la época conservada
«Anne said "You know that this my Sickness and Fits came very suddenly upon me, which brought me very low and weak, and have made me very simple.» — palabras atribuidas a Anne Jefferies, que explica su cambio por la enfermedad súbita
«they always appear in even Numbers, 2, 4, 6, 8.» — sigue el mismo testimonio, con la regla numérica que ella atribuye a los seres
«her interrogators concluded that the spirits she spoke to were "the Delusion of the Devil," and they "advised her not to go to them when they call'd her."» — el dictamen de los interrogadores citado en bloque: ilusión del Diablo, y el consejo de no acudir cuando la llamaran
«A man lay in bed at night while his family were all fast asleep.» — carta de John Lewis citada en bloque, con la escena doméstica que abre el relato galés
«The whole relation-continues our chronicler-" is signified by letters from several eminent men in Hull who spoke with the eyewitnesses» — el cronista de Mirabilis Annus citado en bloque, acreditando su relato por cartas de hombres eminentes de Hull; el resto de la frase queda al otro lado de un número de plana incrustado por el OCR
«A scholar named Allen, of Magdalen College in Oxford, who was in bed, heard a noise like the sound of geese.» — relación citada en bloque para el caso de Oxford, con el testigo nombrado por colegio
«He got up and looked out of a window on the side of a bridge, but saw nothing.» — sigue el mismo bloque, con el testigo que oye y no ve
«and each of them a long streamer flying upwards upon it, and as he beheld it, he thought it grew up to a greater splendor and glory.» — relación citada en bloque para las naves celestiales, con el estandarte y el aumento de esplendor
«several persons near Pickadilly saw strange fiery clouds 1 5 9 and other objects very terrible to the spectators» — Mirabilis Annus citado en bloque para el pilar de fuego de Londres; el verbatim se corta donde el OCR incrustó un número de plana
«It came from the direction whence winter comes, and it moved toward midday (south) along the lake passing over water surface.» — informe monástico ruso citado en bloque, con los rumbos dichos por estaciones y no por puntos cardinales
«And I, your humble servant, sent a message to the priests in Robozierskya district, exactly for this reason, and they responded to me with a letter confirming that they had such sign in that day.» — sigue el mismo informe ruso, con la verificación que su autor dice haber hecho por carta a otros sacerdotes
«German researcher Von Ludwiger adds: "What the fishermen saw was a plate with a dome (man's hat) orange in color (like the rising moon) which hovered motionless for a long time and acted on the witnesses as if they became sick from strong radiation.» — voz de Illobrand von Ludwiger, investigador moderno, citada en bloque; la lectura por radiación es suya
«Erasmus Francisci hesitated to believe this account, because he could not find a suitable explanation: 'I read it at that time in the usual printed newspaper. But, to tell the truth, I didn't believe in that story, and I thought the fishermen had fished it out of the air or from a deceived imagination....'» — Erasmus Francisci citado en bloque, declarando en el siglo XVII que no creyó lo que leyó en la gaceta
«The Berliner Ordinari und Postzeitungen also wrote about the vision: "One of these fishermen had been sick on his feet.» — gaceta berlinesa citada en bloque para el mismo caso, con el efecto sobre uno de los pescadores
«and swore he wouldn't even tell anyone about what he had seen. However, when he heard other neighbors relate they had seen the phenomenon, he told them what he had witnessed.» — relación citada en bloque, con el testigo que calla hasta oír a los vecinos
«She wrote "This Morning...there appeared to me an Azure blue Firmament, so Oriental as nothing of this, in this Visible Orb could parallel with it.» — Jane Lead citada en bloque, con la grafía y las mayúsculas de su edición conservadas
«Which I am not able to Figure out, after that manner, in which it did present it self unto me.» — sigue Lead, declarando que no puede figurar lo que se le presentó
«There was a Flaming Eye in the midst of a Circle, and round about it a Rainbow with all variety of Colours, and beyond the Rainbow in the Firmament, innumerable Stars all attending this Flaming Eye.» — sigue Lead, con el ojo flamígero, el círculo, el arcoíris y las estrellas
«Mr. Gibbon of Peterborough said that "The stem at a distance appear'd about a foot and half in length and with a narrow stream of light as if were a String of Cord affix'd to it.» — testigo citado en bloque, con la medida en pies y la cuerda aparente
«It was in the form of a large Ship" with four golden wings.» — Jane Lead citada en bloque, con la nave en forma de gran barco y las cuatro alas doradas
«Lead's diary entry of February 9 t h concludes: "But when I came up to it [the Ship], then it did as suddenly go up again, withdrawing out of sight, unto the high Orb from whence it came.» — entrada de diario de Lead citada en bloque, con el corchete aclaratorio puesto por la obra
«Within it there appeared bright Beryl Bodies walking up and down, and with them did appear as in a Looking glass, like as a round Globe, the Personal Glory of our Mighty King, who moved as they moved.» — sigue Lead, con los cuerpos de berilo y la Gloria Personal del Rey
«And though the observer says of it, immotus perstititper semi-quandrantem horae, it is not to be understood that it keeps its place like a fixed star, all the time of its appearance; but that it had no very remarkable progressive motion.» — comentarista citado en bloque, que corrige en latín y en inglés la lectura de inmovilidad del objeto de Leipzig
«For he himself has, at the end of the said Ephemerides, given a figure of it, whence it appears that it darted obliquely to the right-hand, and where it ended, left two globules or nodes, not visible but by an optic tube.» — sigue el mismo comentarista, con la figura publicada en las efemérides y los nódulos visibles solo con anteojo
«The fire, though easily extinguished, "did not the least harm to any of the men who interposed their endeavour to save the hay, though they ventured (perceiving it different from common fire) not only close to it, but sometimes into it.» — relación citada en bloque, con el fuego que no quema a quien se mete en él
«At 5 A.M. "there was a sign in the east: from a dark cloud there was suspended something like an iron-clamp with a great fire that shone brightly and descended down to the very earth.» — crónica rusa citada en bloque, con el objeto comparado a una abrazadera de hierro
«afraid. I can tell you that you are looking for your father in vain.» — palabras que la historia finlandesa pone en boca del ser; el verbatim arranca después del número de plana que el OCR incrustó
«The bear disappeared, and they stopped looking for Tiittu.» — sigue el mismo relato local
«Then they got a new priest, who announced in the church: "This story speaks of sinful witchcraft, and it represents the imagination of drunken and mad people, so youd better forget it.» — la desestimación eclesiástica del caso, citada en bloque: brujería pecaminosa e imaginación de borrachos
«It had little or no motion, tho' the Wind blow'd brisk.» — Charles Kirkham citado en bloque, con la grafía de la época; el dato retenido es la inmovilidad con viento fuerte
«But on a sudden there appear'd a swelling Brightness in that Cylindric Cloud, which» — sigue el mismo bloque, con el brillo creciendo dentro de la nube cilíndrica; la frase continúa al otro lado del salto
«As I was returning home from the Royal Society to Westminster, (at) 8h 40m, being about the Middle of the Parade in St. James Park, I saw a Light arise from behind the Trees and Houses in the S. by W. point, which I took at first for a large Sky-Rocket; but» — testigo citado en bloque en las Philosophical Transactions, con el itinerario y la hora al minuto; la frase sigue al otro lado del corte
«It seemed to be so very near, that I thought it passed over Queen's Square, the Island in the Park, cross the Canal, and I lost Sight of it over the Haymarket.» — sigue el mismo bloque, con la trayectoria trazada por topónimos de Londres
«After he called his master, "Mr. Lancaster discovered the aerial troopers," who became visible near a place called Knott.» — relación citada en bloque para el caso de los jinetes aéreos, con el testigo secundario nombrado
«He thought he had been away only for a little while.» — declaración citada en bloque en el caso sueco de Jacob Jacobsson, con el tiempo perdido como rasgo
«Jacob made this statement to me in the presence of his parents on St. Michael's Day 1759.» — quien toma la declaración deja constancia de fecha y de testigos presentes; es voz del que recoge el testimonio, no de los coautores
«He is praised by everyone; all his life he has been known to take pleasure in reading and contemplating God's words whenever he has some spare time.» — sigue el mismo acta, acreditando al declarante por su reputación y su piedad
«I observed a sudden light across my windows, which I took for lightning:» — testigo noruego citado en bloque, con su primera hipótesis descartada dentro de la propia frase
«I kept my eye fixed at my window; and at four o'clock I perceived a ray of light which seemed to come in a horizontal direction from the moon, to appearance about a toise and half (nine feet) in length, and about the thickness of a man's arm.» — sigue el mismo testigo, midiendo con toesas y con el brazo
«Running into my garden, I saw a ball of fire, about the size of a common ball, running gently from south to north.» — sigue el mismo testigo, con el rumbo y la velocidad
«It grew more and more red, and smaller, and in two minutes disappeared without noise or smoke.» — y el final del mismo testimonio, con la ausencia de ruido y de humo declarada
«Of all the phaenomena I have seen in Norway, I remember none equal to this, nor attended with like circumstances.» — el juicio comparativo del propio testigo noruego sobre lo que vio
«It was no spot, since its motion was greatly too slow; nor was it a planet or comet, its figure seemingly proving the contrary.» — razonamiento por descarte del propio observador suizo, citado en bloque
«M. Messier, who, constantly observed the sun at Paris during the same time, saw nothing of such an appearance.» — el control negativo que trae la propia fuente: Messier miraba el sol esos días y no vio nada
«We are assured of the Truth of this Relation by People of Veracity.» — gaceta del siglo XVIII citada en bloque, acreditando su propio relato por la calidad moral de los informantes
«It was "a slightly elliptical, sharply defined spot, about halfway between the centre and edge of the Sun, which passed off about 25 minutes afterwards."» — d'Angos citado en bloque, con la posición del objeto sobre el disco solar y la duración
«My own opinion is that it was only in imagination as the clouds at sunrise...» — opinión desestimatoria de la propia fuente de época, citada por los autores sin suscribirla
«Fritsch, at Magdeburg, saw a spot moving 2 minutes of arc in 3 minutes of time, and not seen after a cloudy interval of 4 hours.» — Le Verrier citado en bloque, con la medida angular por unidad de tiempo y el intervalo nublado que interrumpió la observación
«Some time in July 1806, in the evening, I was informed by two persons that they had just seen the Spectre in the field.» — Abraham Cummings citado en bloque, con el aviso recibido de dos personas
«While my eye was constantly upon it, I went on for four or five steps, when it came to me from the distance of eleven rods, as quick as lightning, and instantly assumed a personal form with a female dress, but did not appear taller than a girl seven years old.» — sigue Cummings, con la aproximación instantánea y la forma que toma la aparición
«On her head was the representation of the sun diffusing the luminous, rectilinear rays every way to the ground.» — sigue Cummings, describiendo la corona de rayos rectilíneos
«At first he glanced at the mountain without seeing anything strange, but when he took a second look "he said he saw more glittering white appearances of human kind that ever had he seen of men at any general view.» — testimonio de Robert Siercy citado en bloque, con la comparación de multitud puesta por él mismo
«He noticed there were entities of different sizes, "that they moved in throngs," and that they "moved in a semicircular course between him and the rock.» — sigue el mismo testimonio, con el movimiento en tropel y en semicírculo
«Two of the larger beings seemed to go before the others at a distance of about 20 yards, where "they vanished out of sight, leaving a solemn and pleasing impression on the mind, accompanied with a diminution of body strength.» — cierra el mismo testimonio, con el efecto físico de debilidad declarado por el testigo
«John Staveley reports he saw many objects moving around a black cloud: "They were like dazzling specks of light, dancing and traipsing thro' the clouds.» — John Staveley citado en bloque, con la grafía de la época
«The abductees themselves claim that they were taken to a different world "on the other side of our reality.» — palabras de los propios raptados según el autor malasio, citadas por los coautores
«The phenomenon "spread terror among the inhabitants of the village, who believed their houses would be burnt, and they themselves perish.» — fuente de época citada en bloque, con el temor de los aldeanos a arder
«The crew intended to send a boat to make further discoveries, "but was deterred from the dreadful appearance of the monster.» — diario de a bordo citado en bloque, con la investigación abortada por miedo
«A Ball of fire as full as large as the sun at Maridian (sic) which was frequently obscured within the space often minutes by a smoke emitted from its own body, but ultimately retained its brilliancy, and form during that period, but with apparent agitation.» — informe citado en bloque, con el sic puesto por la obra sobre la grafía del original
«Astronomer Frangois Arago, director of Paris observatory, reports that "numerous people have seen, during an eclipse of the moon, strange objects moving in straight lines.» — François Arago citado en bloque; su nombre viene corrompido por el OCR y se conserva tal como lo imprime esta fuente
«According to the report, "when it landed it set fire to all the vegetation and killed the cattle."» — informe citado en bloque, con los efectos sobre vegetación y ganado
«It was "cigar-shaped and had a funny silver colour" and made a loud banging noise.» — descripción del testigo citada dentro del asiento, con su giro coloquial conservado
«Between 11 P.M. and midnight "a meteor of rather singular character" arose from the neighbourhood of the Schuylkill, passed over Kensington and the river Delaware, and disappeared behind the woods of Jersey.» — prensa de Filadelfia citada en bloque, con la trayectoria trazada por topónimos
«Its motions were rapid, irregular, and wavering, like the fluttering of a kite or the rocking of an air balloon.» — sigue el mismo bloque, con el movimiento comparado a una cometa y a un globo
«Suddenly it became exceedingly large and brilliant, sparkles again separated from the main body, and descended as before.» — sigue el mismo bloque, con el objeto desprendiendo chispas
«It continued gradually to fade, appearing more and more 2 1 6 like a thin whitish cloud;» — informe citado en bloque, con el desvanecimiento gradual; el verbatim se corta donde el OCR incrustó un número de plana
«By a clear starlight night Mr. White, chief officer of the preventive service of the Scarborough station ("a most respectable authority") was proceeding from his house to a cliff where one of his men, named Trotter, had the lookout.» — informe citado en bloque, con el testigo acreditado por cargo y con el paréntesis de la propia fuente sobre su respetabilidad
«The same appearances (particularly the latter) had so frightened the man, that he had actually hid himself for fear of them.» — sigue el mismo informe, con el vigía escondido de miedo
«According to the Greenville (Tennessee) Miscellany "About eight o'clock, there was seen in the south-western sky a luminous ball, to appearance two feet in circumference, constantly emitting small meteors from one or the other side of it.» — prensa de Tennessee citada en bloque, con el tamaño estimado en pies de circunferencia
«My attention was suddenly diverted by a weak light in the constellation of Canes Venatici, resembling a speck of fog about 4 in magnitude but clearly of a yellow color. I immediately pointed my telescope toward it, which gives small but very clear and bright vision. The meteor appeared as a fog of four stars, with the center of an orange color. From Alpha Can.Ven. it moved slowly towards Coma Berenices, gaining ever more brilliance. It took two minutes before it went out.» — observador citado en bloque para el caso de Canes Venatici, con instrumento, magnitud, color y recorrido entre constelaciones
«At 9:30 P.M. the brig Victoria, from Newcastle to Malta, in lat. 36° 40' 56", long. 13° 44' 36" was becalmed, with no appearance of bad weather; when her top-gallant and royal masts suddenly went over the side as if carried away by a squall. Two hours it blew very hard from the east; and whilst all hands were aloft reefing topsails, it suddenly fell calm again, and they felt an overpowering heat and stench of sulphur. At this moment three luminous bodies issued from the sea, about half a mile from the vessel, and remained visible for ten minutes.» — diario de a bordo del bergantín Victoria citado en bloque, con posición en latitud y longitud y el olor a azufre declarado
«At Ainab, on Mount Lebanon, at half an hour after sunset, the heavens presented an extraordinary and beautiful though awful spectacle.» — informe citado en bloque para el caso del Líbano
«The appendages appeared to shine from the reflected light of main bodies, which it was painful to look at for any time.» — sigue el mismo informe, con los apéndices descritos como reflejo de los cuerpos principales
«I could see our cows grazing peacefully and I was on my way down, with Maximin on his way up, when all at once I saw a beautiful light shining more brightly than the sun.» — testimonio de la niña de La Salette citado en bloque
«Suddenly, over the radiant cloud appeared another cloud still more brilliant, but I now felt so awe-struck, that I cannot say precisely how long» — testigo citado en bloque que declara su propia incapacidad de medir el tiempo por el asombro
«Shortly after this both clouds disappeared, apparently absorbed in the heavens, though I did see a few particles» — sigue el mismo testigo, con las partículas que dice haber visto tras la desaparición
«The evening was clear and the moon near the meridian, when Mr. Wells saw, a little south of west, and full 60 degrees above the horizon, a bright meteor apparently a foot in diameter.» — informe citado en bloque, con la elevación en grados y el tamaño aparente
«It shone with an orange hue, and below was a train which seemed to be 15 or 16 feet in length, fan-shaped, and possessing an apparent breath at its further extremity of two feet.» — sigue el mismo informe, con la estela medida en pies y en forma de abanico
«The meteor rose from east to west with a slow and steady motion, and in its progress passed above or to the north of the moon.» — sigue el mismo informe, con el recorrido respecto de la luna
«And when it had arrived on the eastern side, directly turned toward the southeast, and dropping below the moon, a part of its attendant train swept over the lunar disk.» — sigue el mismo informe, con la estela pasando sobre el disco lunar
«The observer stated that this could not have lasted less than three minutes in moving the length of its train, and that the time of its visibility "could not possibly have been less than an hour, and was probably an hour and a half.» — cierra el mismo informe con la duración declarada por el observador, que es lo que vuelve el caso incompatible con un meteoro
«I have the conviction that, some day, a black dot, perfectly circular, very small, will be seen again passing in front of the sun (...)» — Le Verrier citado en bloque, con su convicción sobre el planeta intramercurial; las elisiones son de la obra
«It remains for the astronomers to describe, and poets to sing, the destruction of the luminary, which, for ought we know, may have been the abode of a race superior to our own.» — prensa del siglo XIX citada en bloque, con la especulación sobre una raza superior; es voz de la época, no de los coautores
«All of these we soon discovered to be moving towards the south, or to the left of their former position, with great rapidity (...)» — testimonio citado en bloque, con el desplazamiento conjunto de los cuerpos
«This took place after sunset, but, by means of the brightness of these bodies, it was as light as some ten or fifteen minutes before sunset.» — sigue el mismo testimonio, midiendo el brillo por la luz que devolvía al paisaje
«They could not have been sun dogs or mock suns, for (such phenomena) remain, as long as they continue, in the same relative position to the sun.» — sigue el mismo testimonio, con el testigo descartando por sí mismo los parhelios por su posición fija respecto del sol
«The night before last there was observed on the horizon a luminous body that appeared towards the east, and it was promptly thought to be a comet.» — prensa citada en bloque, con la primera hipótesis de la propia fuente
«Only just before its disappearance a smaller ball was seen immediately below it, of a fiery orange colour, the first one appearing at that moment of the same hue.» — informe citado en bloque, con la segunda bola apareciendo debajo de la primera
«They continued for more than 20 minutes, the time I stayed.» — testigo citado en bloque que acota la duración a lo que él mismo permaneció, no a lo que duró el fenómeno
«The machine then quite stopped the forward motion and descended some twenty feet or so as gently as a feather» — manuscrito atribuido a Frederick William Birmingham, citado en bloque
«Shortly after my declaring it was the loveliest thing I ever saw-the spirit said to me 'Have you a desire or do you wish to enter upon it?' I replied Yes, - 'then come' - said the spirit, thereupon we were lifted off the grass and gently carried through the air and onto the upper part of the machine, which was about 20 yards distant from where we were standing - (the spirit appeared like a neutral tint shade and the shape of man in his usual frock dress).» — sigue el mismo manuscrito, con el diálogo con el espíritu y el paréntesis descriptivo del propio narrador
«While I stood on the machine the spirit moved to a cylinder pointing and indicating its purposes by downward motion of hand then made sign (that another and similar, was beyond and back of the Pilot house - as I term a part of the machine) which former I could not from my position see - the spirit then went further to the right two steps or so and went down in the machine to his waist returned to me and while passing on one side going to the rear of the machine the spirit - en passant - and making a sign, pointing, said 'step in' and I partly turned in the direction indicated to me I saw steps (three, I think) steep ones.» — sigue el mismo manuscrito, con los guiones y los incisos de la transcripción conservados
«Banner noted that "from the center to about 6 degrees beyond the circle was a fifth ray, broader and more distinct than the others, with a curved end.» — testigo citado en bloque, midiendo el quinto rayo en grados
«From the head or ball there issued a tail of the same bright colour...pointing in a north-easterly direction.» — informe citado en bloque, con la elisión marcada por la obra
«A remarkable circumstance was that it appeared quite motionless and stationary.» — sigue el mismo informe, con la inmovilidad señalada por el propio testigo como lo notable
«No noise or explosion of any kind was heard during its passage.» — y el control negativo que trae el mismo informe: ningún ruido
«I at first thought it was a falling star, but on reflection it appeared to me that a falling star would never have remained so long visible in the telescopic field.» — observador citado en bloque, descartando por sí mismo la estrella fugaz por la duración en el campo del telescopio
«Mr. John Graham "had his attention arrested by a sudden light in the heavens, and upon looking up he saw a stationary meteor between Aquila and Anser et Vulpecula, about right ascension 295°, declination 15°N.» — informe citado en bloque, con la posición dada en ascensión recta y declinación
«He says that he is not usually easily frightened, but he could not account for the strange sight and he retraced his steps to the house he had just left.» — testigo citado en bloque, que declara su propio susto y la retirada
«While acknowledging that, with the aid of a magnifying glass, he could make out the outline of "a tiny human pilot sitting in a bucket-type seat" on the casts that Gray sent him, he wondered whether it was merely a trick of nature?» — Brad Steiger citado en bloque dentro del material rechazado, dudando de su propio caso; el signo de interrogación es de la fuente
«As the two sections seemed to be divided, "apparently where the spaceship is fitted together," this "indicates intelligent construction and design by intelligent beings.» — razonamiento de los divulgadores del fósil de Kentucky citado en bloque; los autores lo reproducen dentro del material que descartan
«The archaeologists reportedly came to the conclusion that "The grooved writing tells of vehicles from the air, which must have arrived 12,000 years ago.» — la conclusión atribuida a los arqueólogos en el relato Dropa, citada en bloque dentro del material rechazado
«However, one of the researchers, Professor Tsum Um-nui, is said to have discussed this matter with a small group of colleagues and decided to release a report without official consent.» — sigue el mismo relato, con el personaje que después resultó no existir
«According to Agamon, the expedition met with a tribe of dwarves in a remote valley in the region and these beings, the Dropa, told him that their ancestors had come from a planet in the Sirius system and had been trapped on the earth in the year 1014 AD due to a mechanical problem with their spacecraft.» — la versión de Agamon citada en bloque, que él mismo confesaría después como invención
«Years later, Agamon (using his real name, Gamon) confessed in letters to the editor» — la confesión del propio autor del engaño; el verbatim se corta donde el OCR corrompió el nombre de la revista
«The emperor of China is said to have flown in an aerial machine and descended back to earth, (reference: Hervey - Winkler catalog, published by FUFOR - the Fund for UFO Research).» — catálogo ufológico citado dentro del material rechazado, con la referencia declarada entre paréntesis por los propios autores
«will rain bread from heaven for you; and the people shall go out and gather a certain rate every day» — texto bíblico citado en bloque dentro del material rechazado; el verbatim se corta donde el OCR incrustó un número de plana
«Moses said unto them, 'This is the bread which the Lord hath given you to eat.'» — sigue la cita bíblica dentro de la misma sección
«Pliny the Elder tells that Augustus wrote "On the very days of my games, a comet was visible over the course of seven days, in the northern region of the heavens.» — Augusto citado por Plinio y reproducido en bloque, con la duración del cometa en días
«The common people believed that this star signified the soul of Caesar had been received among the spirits of the immortal gods. On this account,» — sigue el mismo bloque, con la lectura popular del cometa como alma de César
«She was deeply disturbed by these words and asked herself what this greeting could mean, but the angel said to her, 'Mary, do not be afraid; you have won God's favor.» — texto evangélico citado en bloque dentro del material rechazado
«Some say that it was the Holy Ghost, Who had taken this form in order to guide the Magi.» — la Leyenda dorada citada en bloque, con su propia fórmula de atribución incierta
«We know not what these things signified.» — crónica citada en bloque que declara su propia ignorancia sobre el sentido del prodigio
«It was declared that the sea had risen beyond its usual bounds, and many other signs were seen.» — sigue la misma crónica, con los otros signos acumulados
«The Chinese document states, "A large shooting star like a bushel fell onto the rebel Lu Ming-yueh's camp. It destroyed his wall-attacking tower and crushed to death more than 10 people.» — crónica china citada en bloque, con el número de muertos declarado
«Li Deyu, the Tang Prime Minister, cut over a foot of a slender, long stick of the ship and carved it into a figure of a Taoist priest.» — crónica china citada en bloque dentro del material rechazado, con la nave convertida en figurilla
«In the years of Emperor Darning, the figurine disappeared and the ship also flew away.» — sigue la misma crónica, con la desaparición de las dos cosas
«Hereupon the Buddhist Priest, Bin, said, "It is not the falling star but the Celestial Dog, the sound of whose barking is like thunder.» — crónica japonesa citada en bloque, con la explicación que da un sacerdote budista de la época
«She had seen a band of men, clothed in white, come into the monastery, and being asked by her what they wanted, and what they did there, they answered they had been sent thither to carry away with them the gold coin that had been brought thither from Kent.» — Beda citado en bloque dentro del material rechazado
«It was revealed by a sign from Heaven with how much reverence they ought to be received by all the faithful; for all that night, a pillar of light, reaching from the wagon &p to heaven, was visible in almost every part of the province of Lindsey.» — sigue Beda, con la columna de luz visible en toda la provincia; el OCR corrompió una palabra dentro de la frase y se conserva como la imprime esta fuente
«The queen thereupon added, that the very dust of the pavement on which the water that washed the bones had been poured out, had already healed many sick persons.» — Beda citado en bloque dentro del material rechazado, con la curación atribuida al polvo del pavimento
«When no hope appeared of easing him in his ravings, the abbess bethought herself of the dust, and immediately bade her handmaiden go and fetch her the casket in which it was.» — sigue Beda, con el recurso al cofre del polvo ante el poseído
«he suddenly became silent, and laid down his head, as if he had been falling asleep, stretching out all his limbs to rest.» — sigue Beda, con la calma súbita del poseído
«Now I am whole, for I am restored to my senses.» — y las palabras que Beda pone en boca del curado
«In the nones of April, on Sunday during the first, second and almost the third hours, all the citizens of Cordoba saw three suns which shone and twinkled in a wonderful way preceded by a sickle of fire and emerald; and, from its appearance, by order of God, his angels devastated all the inhabitants of Spain with intolerable hunger.» — crónica citada en bloque para los tres soles de Córdoba, con la lectura de castigo divino puesta por la propia crónica
«According to the Anglo Saxon chronicle, "Here in this year, dire portents appeared over Northumbria, and sorely terrified the people.» — la Crónica anglosajona citada en bloque, dentro del material rechazado
«A great famine immediately followed those signs, and a little after that in the same year, on 8 June, the ravages of heathen men miserably destroyed God's church on the island of Lindisfarne, with plunder and manslaughter.» — sigue la misma crónica, ligando los portentos con el hambre y con el saqueo de Lindisfarne
«Among so many fears, Garci-Ximenez turned his eyes to the Sky, asking the God of Armies for help, and, as a presage of victory, He gave him a marvellous sign, a Sacred Red Cross that appeared over a carrasca.» — crónica ibérica citada en bloque, con el término local conservado
«The sight of this spurred Garci-Ximenez on, as if he had heard the voice that Constantine the Great heard from the sky: "With this sign of the Holy Cross you will overcome.» — sigue la misma crónica, que ella misma calca el episodio de Constantino
«The bishop was present when this occurred and forbade his people to hold the man; for, said he, it might prove fatal as when one is held under water.» — crónica citada en bloque dentro del material rechazado, con la orden del obispo y su comparación con el ahogamiento
«It was not near enough to get an idea of the dimensions.» — prensa del siglo XIX citada en bloque, con el límite de la observación declarado por la propia nota
«A light could be seen protruding from several windows; one bright light in front like the headlight of a locomotive.» — sigue la misma nota, con la comparación técnica de su época
«However, in 1141, Hildegard had a vision of God that gave her instant understanding of the meaning of the religious texts, and commanded her to write down everything she would observe:» — así presentan la visión fundacional de Hildegarda, dentro del material rechazado
«Although a number of visual hallucinations may occur, the more common ones described are the "scotomata" that often follow perceptions of phosphenes in the visual field.» — literatura médica citada en bloque sobre los escotomas y los fosfenos de la migraña
«"It was done on purpose in order to bring out the folly of the credulous," he added.» — el archivero de la abadía citado en bloque: la broma se hizo para exhibir la credulidad
«When asked if he knew how the surviving hoaxer felt about the fuss made by the prank - a prank that was (and still is) cited by ufologists the world over, the archivist replied: "I think he finds it rather tiresome.» — sigue el mismo archivero sobre el autor sobreviviente del engaño
«At that time there were Russian merchants present who wanted to place the body in a church and cover it with a saintly cover; but they were not permitted to do so and the body was put in a barn, under guard.» — crónica rusa citada en bloque dentro del material rechazado
«could understand that God was firmly set against our tormented city.» — la lectura teológica que da la propia crónica al fenómeno
«It is worthy of reflection that on the same day that the tragedy of Gomez Perez occurred, the art of Satan had already made it knowledge in Mexico.» — fuente colonial citada en bloque, con la atribución al arte de Satanás puesta por ella misma
«Somewhat astonished, he sought advice from the nymph Egeria and the nine Muses, who assured him that Jupiter had dropped it as a sign of his benevolence.» — la leyenda de Numa Pompilio citada en bloque dentro del material rechazado
«The pestilence soon came to an end, so the grateful king had eleven identical copies made by an armourer, and those were used in dances and celebrations every year.» — sigue la misma leyenda, con las once copias del escudo y su uso ritual anual
«I thought it was some unknown species of bird which lived in that country, when the thing on approaching took an aspect of a double Chinese-hat (the classical conical straw-hats) and flew rotating silently as if borne on invisible wings of the wind.» — diario atribuido a Albert d'Orville citado en bloque; los propios autores lo declaran después invención de Alberto Fenoglio
«I asked myself whether the altitude where I was had not played some trick, however perceiving a lama not far away I asked whether he had seen it.» — sigue el mismo texto apócrifo, con la duda del narrador y la consulta al lama
«My Son, what you have seen is not magic. Beings from other worlds have for centuries sailed the seas of space,» — y la respuesta que ese texto pone en boca del lama, que es la parte que la literatura ufológica reprodujo durante décadas
«These Beings, all light, are well received by us and often descend near our monasteries293 teaching us and revealing things lost for centuries during the cataclysms which have changed the aspect of the world.» — sigue el mismo apócrifo; la cifra pegada a monasterios es un número de plana que el OCR incrustó
«They seemed to collide in an extraordinary manner, yet soundlessly.» — relación de época citada en bloque, con la ausencia de sonido subrayada
«He concluded: "Since the hill at Holyhead is the only height in Anglesey to face the distant loftiness of Snowdon, some trick of refraction may have been responsible for picking up vessels plying the Menai Straits and setting them, pennant and antient and all, to steer the skies above Peibio.» — comentarista citado en bloque, proponiendo refracción para las naves sobre Holyhead
«What a splendid field for ignorant superstition, if there had been any witnesses to that phenomenon, and if I had chanced to make a great name in Rome! History is full of such trifles, and the world is full of people who attach great importance to them in spite of the so-called light of science.» — Casanova citado en bloque, burlándose de la superstición y a la vez de la luz de la ciencia
«I must candidly confess that, although somewhat versed in physics, the sight of that small meteor gave me singular ideas.» — sigue Casanova, admitiendo el efecto sobre él pese a sus conocimientos de física
«I was prudent enough not to mention the circumstances to anyone.» — y cierra Casanova declarando que calló el episodio
«The Royal Society correspondent reports: "I saw it pass from Pilton over Lyndon lordship, like a black smoky Cloud with bright Breaks; an odd whitling Motion, and a roaring Noise, like a distant Wind, or a great Flock of Sheep galloping along on hard Ground..."» — corresponsal de la Royal Society citado en bloque, con las comparaciones sonoras de su época
«It is with the greatest reluctance that I consented, when I was called, to move away from this spectacle that I would have desired to examine closer.» — Goethe citado en bloque, lamentando no haber podido examinar el fenómeno
«It remains to be known whether it was a pandemonium of elementals or an assembly of luminous creatures, I would be unable to decide.» — y Goethe absteniéndose entre elementales y criaturas luminosas, en sus propias palabras
«The sudden illumination of the atmosphere, the form, and singular transition of this bright luminary, rendered much to make it awful; nevertheless the amazing vivid appearance of the different balls, and other rich, connective parts, not very easy to delineate, gave an effect equal to the rainbow, in the full zenith of its glory.» — informe de época citado en bloque, con la comparación con el arcoíris
«The peasants drew back from the sphere instinctively - which was fortunate for them, because the object exploded, throwing pieces everywhere.» — el relato del supuesto choque de Alençon citado en bloque; los propios autores lo declaran inexistente unas líneas después
«The Rev. R. Jones's mother, when a young unmarried woman, is said to have started one evening towards her home, accompanied by a servant man, David Williams, called on account of his great strength and stature, Dafydd Fawr, Big David, who was carrying a flitch of bacon.» — relato galés citado en bloque, con el apodo del sirviente conservado en su lengua
«He had observed, he said, a brilliant meteor passing through the air, followed by a ring or hoop of fire, and within this hoop stood a man and woman of small size, handsomely dressed.» — sigue el mismo relato, con el aro de fuego y la pareja diminuta dentro
«The sight was so entrancing that the man stayed, as he thought, a few minutes to witness the scene.» — sigue el mismo relato, con el tiempo subjetivo marcado por la propia fuente
«A saucer-shaped "ship" of iron and glass floated ashore.» — crónica japonesa del utsuro-fune citada en bloque dentro del material rechazado
«Through the glass dome the witnesses could see letters written in an unknown language and a bottle containing a liquid, perhaps water.» — sigue la misma crónica, con la escritura desconocida y la botella
«One of the villagers, who had heard of a similar case that had happened at another beach not far from there, suggested that the woman was possibly a foreign princess, exiled by her father because of an extramarital love affair.» — sigue la misma crónica, con la explicación que propone un aldeano dentro del propio relato
«If this was so, it would be a political problem, and that would imply some sort of cost: "We may be ordered to spend a lot of money to investigate this woman and boat.» — y el cálculo administrativo que la crónica pone en boca de los aldeanos, que es lo que decide la suerte de la mujer
«The gentleman from whom we receive this information plainly saw the lights, and states, that they were answered by three heavy guns from the ships of the enemy (England), at intervals of about ten minutes;» — prensa estadounidense citada en bloque para el episodio de las luces azules de 1814
«He could not believe, under these circumstances, that these lights were exhibited as represented, but that some delusion must have existed on the subject.» — intervención parlamentaria citada en bloque dentro del material rechazado, sosteniendo que hubo ilusión
«ResolvedThat a committee be appointed to enquire whether any treasonable correspondence has been held, or information by means of blue 301 lights or signals by fire given from the shore at or near the harbor of New-London in the state of Connecticut, to the blockading squadron off that harbor, whereby the enemy might learn the state, condition or movements of the American ships» — la moción del Congreso estadounidense de 1814 citada en bloque; el OCR incrustó un número de plana dentro de la frase
«He hoped no such precedent would receive the sanction of the House.» — y la objeción que hizo caer la moción, por el precedente que sentaba
«It was on the morning of a beautiful, clear day.. .1 kneeled down and began to offer up the desires of my heart to God.. .1 saw a pillar of light exactly over my head...» — relato de Joseph Smith citado en bloque dentro del material rechazado; las elisiones son de la obra
«When the light rested upon me I saw two Personages, whose brightness and glory defy all description... One of them spake unto me, calling me by name and said, pointing to the other This is My Beloved Son. Hear Him!'» — sigue el mismo relato, con los dos personajes y la frase que los presenta
«I soon found, however, that my telling the story had excited a great deal of prejudice against me among professors [believers] of religion, and was the cause of great persecution, which continued to increase;» — sigue el mismo relato, con la persecución que el propio narrador declara
«Indeed the first sight was as though the house was filled with consuming fire.» — sigue el mismo relato, ya sobre la segunda visión
«Thus Budd Hopkins, a contemporary authority on alien abductions, has sharply criticized one such compilation as "an odd confluence of UFO case studies, free-wheeling speculation, and folklore of obviously uncertain authenticity (our emphasis).» — Budd Hopkins citado en bloque, con la marca de énfasis que los propios autores declaran haber añadido
«Finally, this book owes much to the encouragements of Professor David Hufford and to the advice of Dr. Jeff Kripal, chairman of the department of Religious Studies at Rice University, who provided valuable contacts with other researchers.» — agradecimientos, con David Hufford y Jeff Kripal nombrados con su cargo
«Note: The authors have made every effort to contact individuals and organizations with regards to copyright permissions prior to publication.» — nota de derechos del aparato editorial, en tercera persona sobre los autores
«If you feel that we have infringed on any rights or have erroneously quoted specific references, we will be grateful for information that might be useful in correcting such mistakes.» — sigue la misma nota, que pide corrección al lector
«Jacques Vallee holds a master's degree in astrophysics from France and a Ph.D. in computer science from Northwestern University, where he served as an associate of Dr. J. Allen Hynek.» — paratexto editorial de About the Authors, en tercera persona: no es voz de los autores
«While analyzing observations from many parts of the world, he became intrigued by the similarities in patterns between moderrn sightings and historical reports of encounters with flying objects and their occupants in every culture.» — sigue el mismo paratexto, con el origen del interés contado por el editor y con una errata de imprenta conservada
«The result was the seminal book Passport to Magonia, published in 1969.» — sigue el mismo paratexto, que enlaza este libro con el de 1969
«After a career as an information scientist with Stanford Research Institute and the Institute for the Future, where he served as a principal investigator for the groupware project on the Arpanet, the prototype of the Internet, Jacques Vallee cofounded a venture capital firm in Silicon Valley, where he works.» — sigue el mismo paratexto, con la carrera profesional ajena al tema del libro
«He moved to Spain at age 19 and now lives in Madrid, where he works as an interpreter and English teacher at the Madrid Development Institute.» — sigue el mismo paratexto, ya sobre Chris Aubeck
«A student of folklore and philology, he has helped compile the largest collection of pre-1947 UFO cases in the world.» — cierra el paratexto editorial con la credencial que atribuye a Aubeck; el mismo dato se afirma dos veces en el libro, aquí en tercera persona
Concepts treated
Crítica de fuentes (criterios de inclusión y descarte) — Cuatro reglas de inclusión enunciadas —credibilidad, espacio y tiempo, descripción, identificación del testigo— y estándar declaradamente variable en el tiempo
Cadena de transmisión (quién tomó de quién) — Declara la cadena en el aparato cuando es reconstruible — «Boaistuau drew this story from Lycosthenes, who in turn took it from Fincelius» (p. 183) — y también la remonta hacia atrás desde una cita moderna hasta la fuente primaria (p. 463)
Pseudoepigrafe — La carta de Alejandro a Aristóteles, declarada falsificación medieval famosa solo porque Dante la menciona
Daimon (entidad intermedia, ni ángel ni demonio) — Los siete comparecientes ante Facius Cardan se declaran hechos de aire, sujetos a nacimiento y muerte, con vidas de hasta trescientos años
Transvection (el traslado corporal por seres demoníacos) — El término del Malleus Maleficarum para el traslado físico por seres tenidos por demonios
Imaginación (phantasia) — Que el testigo perciba imágenes trascendentes podría ser parte del mecanismo del fenómeno, no solo de su interpretación
Magonia (la región de donde vienen las naves de las nubes) — La región de donde salen las naves de las nubes, con el latín de Agobardo transcrito y su traducción; los autores la usan además como nombre de la serie de equivalencias entre culturas
Prodigio (prodigium, portentum, ostentum) — La categoría romana con la que se registraron los portentos, con su aparato: los cónsules pedían el informe, los Annales Maximi lo recogían y de ahí lo tomaron Livio, Plinio y Obsecuente
Crítica de fuentes (criterios de inclusión y descarte) — Declaran el estándar variable en el tiempo, la reserva caso por caso cuando no llegan a la fuente primaria, y la corrección de fecha bajo el rótulo Note
Cadena de transmisión (quién tomó de quién) — La reconstruyen también en los fraudes: el caso Dropa se sigue desde una revista alemana de 1962 hasta su confesión, y el de Alençon hasta un artículo italiano
Daimon (entidad intermedia, ni ángel ni demonio) — La serie de equivalencias que tienden entre demonios cristianos, djinn islámicos, hadas, elfos y elementales de la tradición alquímica
Transvection (el traslado corporal por seres demoníacos) — El motivo del traslado físico seguido a través de los procesos: del Malleus a Grillandus y a los expedientes de brujería del siglo XVI
Necromancia (nigromancia) — Entre las artes que la leyenda atribuye al rey Bladud, dentro del material que los autores rechazan